• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate and compare the radiopacity of dentin, enamel, and 8 restorative composites on conventional radiograph and digital images with different resolutions. Materials and Methods: Specimens were fabricated from 8 materials and human molars were longitudinally sectioned 1.0 mm thick to include both enamel and dentin. The specimens and tooth sections were imaged by conventional radiograph using #4 sized intraoral film and digital images were taken in high speed and high resolution modes using a phosphor storage plate. Densitometric evaluation of the enamel, dentin, restorative materials, a lead sheet, and an aluminum step wedge was performed on the radiographic images. For the evaluation, the Al equivalent (mm) for each material was calculated. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05), considering the material factor and then the radiographic method factor, individually. Results: The high speed mode allowed the highest radiopacity, while the high resolution mode generated the lowest values. Furthermore, the high resolution mode was the most efficient method for radiographic differentiation between restorative composites and dentin. The conventional radiograph was the most effective in enabling differentiation between enamel and composites. The high speed mode was the least effective in enabling radiographic differentiation between the dental tissues and restorative composites. Conclusion: The high speed mode of digital imaging was not effective for differentiation between enamel and composites. This made it less effective than the high resolution mode and conventional radiographs. All of the composites evaluated showed radiopacity values that fit the ISO 4049 recommendations.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.176-186
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• 2008

COMS RF호환성 시험에서 단일 동축 선로가 사용되도록 결정됨에 따라 서로 다른 주파수의 신호를 하나의 이동경로에서 교환될 수 있도록 하는 RF지원 장비가 필요하게 되었다. 이러한 RF지원 장비는 단일 동축 선로와 연동하여 정상운영에서의 위성과 지상국간의 경로손실을 모사 할 수 있어야 한다. RF지원 장비의 설계를 위해 우선 각 단품들의 측정데이터를 반영한 level diagram을 수행하였고 이로부터 위성과 지상국간의 통신환경을 적절히 모사 할 수 있음을 확인하였다. RF지원 장비가 조립된 후에 수행된 시험을 통해서 tunable attenuator를 이용하여 위성의 MODCS와 TC&R에서 요청한 input dynamic range 가 만족됨을 확인하였다. 현재 완성된 RF지원 장비는 향후 예정된 COMS RF 호환성 시험에서 사용될 것이다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.373-378
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop an electric riding machine for cycle fitting to control riding posture easily, to measure frame size quantitatively, and to overcome disadvantages of the traditional systems. The electric riding machine consisted of actuator, load controller, and display & control unit. The actuator unit by BLDC(BrushLess Direct Current) motor drives the saddle height up and down, the crank forward and backward, the handlebar up and down, and the handlebar forward and backward. The load controller unit controls loads by Eddy current controller with electromagnet and aluminum circular plate. The display & control unit consisted of frame size controller and display panel which shows top tube length(485~663mm), head tube length(85~243mm), seat tube length(481~671mm), and seat tube angle($62.7{\sim}76.4^{\circ}$). The range of frame size control for developed electric riding machine did not have difference compared to traditional commercial systems, but quantitative and precise control with 0.1 mm length and $0.1^{\circ}$ angle was possible through digital measurement. Unlike traditional commercial systems, frame size control was possible during riding through motor driven method, thus fitting duration decreased. It is necessary for further improvement to have feedback from users. It is believed that developed electric riding machine can help to develop domestic fitting system.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2015

This paper investigates the stick-slip characteristic of magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) between an aluminum plate and the surface of the MRE. MRE is a smart material and it can change its mechanical behavior with the interior iron particles under the influence of an applied magnetic field. Stick-slip is a movement of two surfaces relative to each other that proceeds as a series of jerks caused by alternate sticking from friction and sliding when the friction is overcome by an applied force. This special tribology phenomenon can lead to unnecessary wear, vibration, noise, and reduced service life of work piece. The stick-slip phenomenon is avoided as far as possible in the field of mechanical engineering. As this phenomenon is a function of material property, applied load, and velocity, it can be controlled using the characteristics of MRE. MRE as a soft smart material, whose mechanical properties such as modulus and stiffness can be changed via the strength of an external magnetic field, has been widely studied as a prospective replacement for general rubber in the mechanical domain. In this study, friction force is measured under different loads, speed, and magnetic field strength. From the test results, it is confirmed that the stick-slip phenomenon can be minimized under optimum conditions and can be applied in various mechanical components.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.380-388
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 판형 열교환기 등에 널리 이용되고 있는 순 티타늄 판재의 프레스 성형성을 평가하기 위해 인장실험을 수행하였고 인장실험결과를 가장 잘 피팅할 수 있는 가공경화 모델을 제안하였다. 또한 항복곡면의 도출을 위해 단축변형, 평면변형, 순수전단변형 등 다양한 변형모드 하에서의 인장실험을 실시하였다. 이 제안된 모델을 Hora의 수정된 최대하중조건식에 적용하여 프레스 성형성을 평가하기 위해서 널리 사용되고 있는 성형한계선을 예측하였고 그 결과를 장출성형실험에서 구한 성형한계선과 비교하였다. 도출한 항복곡면을 잘 묘사하기 위한 이방성 항복조건식과 본 연구에서 제안된 가공경화 모델은 순 티타늄 판재의 프레스 성형성의 척도인 성형한계선을 잘 예측함을 알 수 있었다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2001

접착제와 리벳으로 접합된 항공기 판재의 접합부는 접합 불량, 크랙, 피로 결함이나 부식등에 의해 손상되고 열화될 수 있으며 이런 결함을 전 영역에 걸쳐서 신속하고도 신뢰성 있게 검사하는 것은 항공기 안전을 위해 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 이를 위해 항공기용 알루미늄 판재의 랩 스플라이스 접합 연결부의 접합 품질을 비접촉 방식으로 수행할 수 있는 초음파 비파괴 평가법을 제안한다. 여기서는 레이저를 이용해 램파를 발생시키고 비접촉식 트랜스듀서 (공기정합 용량형 트랜스듀서)를 이용해 피치-캐치 방식으로 검사한다. 레이저 소스로는 Q-스위치된 Nd:YAG 레이저가 이용되며 배열 형태의 직선 슬릿을 갖는 마스크를 이용해 특정 모드의 램파를 발생시켜 이용하였다. 접합부의 한 쪽에서 발생된 레이저 여기 초음파는 판을 따라 전파하여 접합부를 지나 반대편에서 수신되고 수신된 신호의 특성과 접합부의 품질과의 관련성을 조사하였다.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.561-569
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• 2002

Laser has been called a "Quantum Machine" because of its mechanism of generation since the development on July 7,1960.by T.H.Maiman. We can now use this machine as a tool for manufacturing in industries. At present, 45kW CO2 laser, 10kW Nd:YAG laser, 6kW LD pumped YAG laser and 4kW direct diode laser facilities are available for welding a heavy steel plate of 40mm in thickness and for cutting metals at high speed of 140m/min. Laser Materials Processing is no longer a scientific curiosity but a modern tool in industries. Lasers in manufacturing sector are currently used in welding, cutting, drilling, cladding, marking, cleaning, micro-machining and forming. Recently, high power laser diode, 10kW LD pumped YAG laser, 700W fiber laser and excimer laser have been developed in the industrialized countries. As a result of large numbers of research and developments, the modem laser materials processing has been realized and used in all kinds of industries now. In the present paper, metallurgical studies on laser materials processing such as porosity formation, hot cracking and the joint performances of steels and aluminum alloys and dissimilar joint are discussed after the introduction of laser facilities and laser applications in industries such as automotive industry, electronics industry, and steel making industry. The wave towards the use of laser materials processing and its penetration into many industries has started in many countries now. Especially, development of high power/quality diode laser will be accelerate the introduction of this magnificent tool, because of the high efficiency of about 50%, long life time and compact.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2007

사용 중인 항공기 구조를 모사하여 리벳구멍 주위에 피로균열이 존재하는 AA2024-T3 박판을 CFRP 복합재 패치로 접합하여 보수한 후 피로균열 성장거동을 음향방출(AE)을 측정하면서 관찰하였다. 패칭의 효과로 균열성장속도의 뚜렷한 감소와 균열이 인접한 리벳 구멍으로 전파되는 시간을 지연시키는 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 패칭 후 균열성장에 의해 탐지된 신호와 패치와 알루미늄 사이의 접합계면 분리에 의한 신호의 구별 가능성을 다변량 자료분석 기법인 주성분분석을 통해 알아보았다. 그 결과 균열성장에 따른 AE신호는 계면분리에 따른 AE신호에 비해 중심주파수가 높고 작은 에너지를 가지는 반면, 계면분리 신호는 균열성장 신호에 비해 상승시간이 길고 중심주파수가 상대적으로 낮으며 비교적 큰 에너지를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 AE신호의 유형인식 방법은 AE 발생원의 위치표정 결과와 결합할 경우 패치 접합으로 보수된 구조에서의 피로균열 성장거동을 예측하는 방법으로 충분히 활용될 수 있다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2010

We have fabricated the low noise liquid helium(LHe) dewar with a different shape of thermal shield to apply the 64-channel SQUID(Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) gradiometer. The first shape of thermal shield was made of an aluminum plate with a wide width of 100 mm slit and the other shape was modified with a narrow width of 20 mm slit. The two types of dewars were estimated by comparing the thermal noise and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of magnetocardiography(MCG) using the $1^{st}$ order SQUID gradiometer system cooled each dewar. The white noise was different as a point of the dewar. The noise was increased as close as the edge of dewar, and also increased at the thermal shield with the more wide width slit. The white noise of the dewar with thermal shield of 100 mm slit was 6.5 fT/$Hz^{1/2}$ at the center of dewar and 25 fT/$Hz^{1/2}$ at the edge, and the white noise of the other one was 3.5 - 7 fT/$Hz^{1/2}$. We measured the MCG using 64-channel SQUID gradiometer cooled at each LHe dewar and compared the SNR of MCG signal. The SNR was improved of 10 times at the LHe dewar with a modified thermal shield.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2011

Plasma sprayed ceramic coatings inherently contain pores and usually also cracks. Post-treatment of the plasma sprayed coatings is a way to close the connected pores and cracks. In this study, post-sealing treatment in plasma sprayed $Al_2O_3$ coatings was employed to overcome the reduction of coating properties. $Al_2O_3$ plasma thermal spray coating was made on aluminum alloys plate, $CrO_3$ post coating and heat treatment at $550^{\circ}C$ was carried out in order for final $Cr_2O_3$ to be saturated through phase transformation. Chromia sealing began at the fine defect in coated microstructure, while larger pores were permeated later. The increase in concentration and treatment frequency of sealing solution resulted in the decrease of porosity of coating layer, while cracks occurred partially after the third treatment. After twice treatment of 10M $CrO_3$ solution, microhardness and breakdown voltage of $Al_2O_3$ coatings were found to increase by ${\fallingdotseq}$ 50% and ${\fallingdotseq}$ 390% respectively than without post-treatment.