• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.123-130
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• 1999

The bus as a feeder trip should supply equality service to the whole community. But in spite of the change of latent demand to the bus by the variety of regional structural change, the existing bus route can not supply effective feeder service. For cope with the latent demand to the bus, this study establish a concept that frame of the bus operation and management. This study tackled to evidence this fact by analyzing the bus transport problems in terms of the urban growth, and following issues were discussed: 1) the strategy for improvement of bus operation, 2) the land use control which is appropriate for the public transport network, 3) the economical range to justify the bus operation, 4) the allowance for the private transport mode. On the second part of this study, the difference on the bus operation was compared to determine the range within which the bus operation can be justified. This would provide the direction to improve the management for bus operation and fundamental information to develop the bus operation system.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.731-739
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• 2008

The docking and recharging system for a mobile robot must guarantee the ability to perform its tasks continuously without human intervention. This paper proposes two docking mechanisms with localization error-compensation capability for an auto recharging system. The mechanisms use friction forces or magnetic forces between the docking parts of the robot and those of the docking station. It is a structure to improve the allowance ranges of lateral and directional docking offsets, in which the robot is able to dock into the docking station. In this paper, auto-recharging system and the features of the proposed mechanisms are verified with experimental results using simple homing method.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.214-218
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• 2008

Because on the high-tension underground distribution line of an electric railway high voltage XLPE Cable two or three circuits between railway stations with a standard as receiving transformer facilities are established at a $30km{\sim}50km$ interval, reactive power in which the phase of a current is larger than that of a voltage is supplied when trains are not working, so when there are no loading or low loading as night. Due to the long-distance trend of the underground distribution system on an alternating current railway distribution line, the terminal voltage of a transformer is over the standard voltage, and after all, commercial cycle overvoltage is continued. To solve this problem, the shunt reactor is installed in middle of power distribution lines to maintain receiver voltage meted under the allowance regulation through control of the reactive power. Also, in case that the thickness of single cable is over $60mm^2$ and length of line is about over 30km, a circuit breaker is broken by shorting shunt ability of charging current in excess of shunt current(31.5A.rms). Therefore, this thesis presents installing the location of shunt reactor for quantitative analysis by using optimum algorism for compensation and control of the charging current.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.23-37
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• 2022

Thirty-six weaned piglets with an initial body weight (BW) of 8.43 ± 0.40 kg (28 days of age, ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) were randomly assigned to 6 treatments for a 2-week feeding trial to determine the effects of different inorganic zinc (IZ), organic zinc (OZ) or combination of low crude protein diet (LP) and Mixed feed additive (MFA) on diarrhea score, nutrient digestibility, zinc utilization, blood profiles, organ weight, and fecal microflora in weaned piglet diet. The pigs were individually placed in 45 × 55 × 45 cm stainless steel metabolism cages in an environmentally controlled room (30 ± 1℃). The dietary treatments included a negative control (NC), positive control (PC; zinc oxide, 1,000 mg/kg), T1 (IZ : OZ, 850 : 150), T2 (IZ : OZ 700 : 300), T3 (IZ : OZ, 500 : 500), and T4 (LP + MFA [0.1% Essential oils + 0.08% Protease + 0.02% Xylanase]). The daily feed allowance was adjusted to 2.7 times the maintenance requirement for digestible energy (2.7 × 110 kcal of DE/kg BW^0.75). This allowance was divided into two equal parts, and the piglets were fed at 08 : 30 and 17 : 30 each day. Water was provided ad libitum through a drinking nipple. The diarrhea score was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in NC treatment compared with other treatments. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), and gross energy (GE) was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the T2 treatment compared with the PC and NC treatments in week 1. In week 2, the ATTD of DM, N, and GE was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the NC treatment compared with other treatments. The T3 treatment had significantly higher (p < 0.05) ATTD and apparent ileal digestibility of zinc than the PC and T1 treatments. The Escherichia coli count in feces was significantly decreased in the T4 treatment compared with the NC and T2 treatments. The Lactobacillus count in feces was significantly increased in the T4 and T1 treatment compared with the T2 and T3 treatments. In conclusion, IZ : OZ 500 : 500 levels could improve nutrient digestibility and zinc utilization in weaned piglets, Moreover, MFA in LP diets could be used as a zinc alternative.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.197-216
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare beliefs about social rule, differential peer association, perceived behavioral control, intention of smoking, and self efficacy for rejecting smoking among smokers, reformed smokers, and non smokers in adolescence. The subjects were 576 adolescents in middle and high school, living in K city. The data was collected through questionnaires from December 1st to 18th, 2002 was analyzed using descriptive statistics, x²-test, and ANOVA. 1) The general characteristics and characteristics related to smoking among smokers, reformed smokers, and non smokers in adolescence showed differences as follows： sex, mother's education, monthly allowance, thinking about teacher's smoking, feelings about the smoking scene, thinking about father's smoking, drinking, satisfaction of school, and sexual experience. 2) Belief about social rule, differential peer association, perceived behavioral control, intention of smoking, and self efficacy for rejecting smoking among the three groups showed differences as follows： smokers have a lower belief about social rule, lower perceived behavioral control, lower self-efficacy for rejecting smoking, but higher differential peer association and higher intention of smoking than those of reformed smokers and non smokers. We recommend the development of a nursing program for anti-smoking behavior including the research factors affecting attitudes of smoking adolescents.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of elderly women living in residential homes by estimating nutrients and food intakes. Food consumption survey was conducted by 3-day 24hr recall method with 99 elderly women aged 65 to 90 years from three residential homes in Seoul, Choonchun and Chunan and 46 free-living elderly women aged 65 to 88 years from Chunan as control group. Food intake data was converted into nutrient intake using computer aided nutritional analysis program. Mean energy intake and percentage of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of residential home residents were 1696㎉ and 101% of RDA while those of control were estimated as 1939㎉ and 119% of RDA. On average, absolute amount of nutrient intakes of residential home residents were slightly higher than control group. Subjects in control group showed significantly lower carbohydrate and vitamin A intake, while vitamin C intake was higher. However, nutrient intake quality determined by INQ (Index of nutritional quality) was significantly higher among control subjects in most nutrients except vitamin A than residential home residents. Intakes of calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin of all subjects in this study were less than 75% RDA meaning that nutritional status of calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin was insufficient and could possibly result in nutritional deficient. Some food groups such as milk or other dairy products must be strongly suggested to improve nutritional status of elderly women in this study. According to the results of this study, meal plans of residential homes are quite adequate in quantity of micronutrients, but need to be improved in both quantity and quality of micronutrients.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.537-546
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• 2008

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the mixed herbal medicine for the substitution of antibiotics on the performance of laying hens. Day old hyline 1,500 layer chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments. Control were 600 and three each treatment was 300. Eggs were collected at every weeks for measuring egg production and week 26, 27, 28 for chemical analyses. Chemical analyses were done for fatty acid profile of egg yolks, amino acid, antibiotics residue in eggs(collect eggs after supplying OTC 21ppm/bird/day to control for four day at 26, 27, 28) during the laying period($19{\sim}77wk$). On $0{\sim}4$ week, T-3 showed higher feed intake than those fed the other diets and on $5{\sim}13$ week, T-2 showed highest feed intake among treatments. After birds were moved ($14{\sim}18$ wk) CT-3 showed highest, but for overall rearing period, there was not significantly different among treatments. In conclusion the mixed herbal medicine did not tended to influence palatability to rearing birds. Egg quality(egg yolk color, haugh unit, eggshell breaking strength) showed no difference among treatments. Ratio of unsaturated fatty acid (mg/100g)/saturated fatty acid (mg/100g) was not difference among treatments, but linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) of the mixed herbal medicine treatments showed higher then control. The antibiotics residue of CT, T treatments egg was not detected and control was not detected or below allowance. In conclusion the mixed herbal medicine can be possible to feed laying hen without antibiotics.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1141-1149
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• 2020

Most of the industrial control network is an independent closed network, which is operated for a long time after installation, and thus the OS is not updated, so security threats increase and security vulnerabilities exist. The zero-day attack defense must be applied with the latest patch, but in a large-scale industrial network, it requires a higher level of real-time and non-disruptive operation due to the direct handling of physical devices, so a step-by-step approach is required to apply it to a live system. In order to solve this problem, utility-specific patch impact assessment is required for reliable patch application. In this paper, we propose a method to test and safely install the patch using the regression analysis technique and show the proven results. As a patch impact evaluation methodology, the maximum allowance for determining the safety of a patch was derived by classifying test types based on system-specific functions, performance, and behavior before and after applying the patch. Finally, we report the results of case studies applied directly to industrial control networks, the OS patch has been updated while ensuring 99.99% availability.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status of Korean workers with occupational exposure to lead by estimating nutrients and flood intakes so that we can eventually establish the dietary guidelines to be recommended for the lead workers. Food consumption survey was conducted by a 24-hr recall method with 135 lead workers and 50 non-exposed controls. Food intake data were convened into nutrients intake using computer aided nutritional analysis program. Mean daily energy intake and percentage of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of male lead workers were 2138 local and 87% of RDA while those of control were estimated as 2234 kcal and 91% of RDA. Mean daily intakes of nutrients of male lead workers were 78 g (111% RDA) for protein 502 mg (71% RDA) for calcium, 11.7 mg (97% RDA) for iron, 665 $\mu$g R.E (95% RDA) for vitamin A, 1.39 mg (108% RDA) for thiamin, 1.14 mg (77% RDA) for riboflavin, 15 mg N.E (92% RDA) for niacin and 66 mg (94% RDA) for vitamin C. On average, male lead workers showed significantly lower protein, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, niacin and vitamin C intakes than control group while cholesterol intake of the male lead workers was significantly higher than that of control group. Intakes of calcium of male lead workers were Less than 75% RDA meaning that nutritional intake of calcium of male lead workers was insufficient and could possibly result in nutritional deficient. Some food groups such as milk, meat and fish must be strongly suggested to improve nutritional status of lead workers. Continuing nutrition monitoring and appropriate nutrition intervention for lead workers most be conducted further.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1994

The Purpose of this study was to utilize of CAD System in pattern making process for women's apparel. The automation by the use of CAD System provides the higher accuracy and efficiency in pattern making process. AccuMark 300 System was used. for .this study. The results from this study were as follows . 1. New size spec chart and grading pitch chart were developed based on the data analysis and fitting tests for female college students. 2. New jacket block was developed based on the torso length sloper 3. Automatic grading of jacket block have been developed by creation and modification of grading rules of block pattern. 4. Pattern Design Systyem(P/D/S) were enabled to be constructed directly form a block pattern by modifications to existing styled pattern. 5. Original master pattern was generated by P/D/S menu option. 6. Production pattem added seam allowance, notchs was generated by P/D/S menu option. 7 Interative maker making process have enabled to save a wide range of time and space. 8. Measurement of garment by P/D/S measuring tools is to utilize in garment costing, quality control.