• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.305-320
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• 1996

It is necessary to obtain information about the productivity of the human-influenced forest and to understand the consumption of biomass resources in secondary forest in order to examine the resource flux by human activity in rural landscape. Thus the aims of this study were to elucidate the biomass and their use of secondary Pinus densiflora forests and to discuss sustainable utilization of secondary forests in rural landscape system. This study was carried out in Yanghwa-ri, Kongjugun, Chungcheongnam-do, central Korea. The changes of growth rate and aboveground biomass of a pine forest for 2 years were analyzed to understand forest management regimes in rural pine forests. Through allometric equations deduced from 25 sample trees, biomass was estimated. The biomass increase of pine forest was approximately 16.36 t/ha/yr in the unexploited stand and 12.24 t/ha/yr in the exploited stand. These were nearly equal to those of natural pine forests in central Korea. This result proved that human-influenced pine forest in rural landscape as well as the natural one has high potentiality to provide forest products. Making graveyard in forest-land was the important disturbance and land-use which currently occurring in rural landscape in the study area. Finally, we presented some forest management for stutainable and positive uses of secondary forests as one of the local energy resources in terms of the holistic landscape-ecological view.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.287-290
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• 2006

Eye growth and lens diameter of brown croaker Miichthys miiuy were positively allometric between hatching and 180 days post-hatch (d.p.h.). Eye growth in relation to head length and head height was nearly isometric. Eyes were formed completely at 14 d.p.h. At this age, the eye has a crystalline lens, an optic nerve fiber layer, a ganglion cell layer, an inner plexiform layer, an inner nuclear layer, an outer plexiform layer, an outer nuclear layer, an outer limiting membrane, and a pigment epithelium. The essential demands that must be met by the retina in this species pertain to light sensitivity and spatial resolution.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.390-396
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• 1994

Age and growth of Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura were investigated by random quadrate sampling method at monthly intervals from February 1993 to January 1994 in Pusan Bay, southeastern coast of Korea. The size of various parts of the collected plants was periodically measured individually. An allometric relationship was established according to the total length, blade length, stipe length, stipe diameter and weight of frond. Each age group was divided according to the range of stipe length by the allometric relation. The population of E. stolonifera consisted of five age groups; 1 year ($41.5\%$), 2 years ($25.9\%$), 3 years ($21.1\%$), 4 years ($7.8\%$) and 5 years ($3.5\%$). During a year, biomass of the population increased drastically from May to September, but gradually decrease from October to January. Zoosporangial sori were observed on blades of three or more years old, from October to December. New populations were formed by zoospores, developed on shoots of three or more years old, and also they were vegetatively formed from stoloniferous haptera on two or more year old mother thalli.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.618-624
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• 2019

This study aimed to determine the growth and carbon storage of planted Haloxylon aphyllum in the Aralkum Desert in Kazakhstan. Six sites afforested in 2000, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2013, and 2017 were selected. The root collar diameter(cm) and height(m) were measured for all H. aphyllum in 30 m×44 m plots. Biomass accumulation (g m^-2) and carbon storage(C g m^-2) were calculated using allometric equations and the carbon concentration data of Haloxylon species. The diameters varied from 2.5 cm to 4.3 cm and the height varied from 106.2 cm to 223.7 cm. The growth of H. aphyllum was not linearly related to the afforestation year or soil properties. Tree growth might have been influenced by variations in the microclimate, such as temperature, precipitation, and dust storms. The mean total biomass accumulation was 20.57g m^-2 and ranged from 2.42 g m^-2 to 64.53 g m^-2. The mean carbon storage was 9.70C g m^-2 and ranged from 1.12 C g m^-2 to 30.61 C g m^-2. These biomass and carbon storage estimates were smaller than those reported for other Central Asian deserts, but afforestation enabled the generation of vegetative cover and consequently, carbon sequestration in the manmade Aralkum Desert.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.309-315
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• 2014

Summer cabbages in an alpine area are very sensitive to the fluctuations in supply and demand. Yield variability due to weather conditions dictates the market fluctuations of cabbage price. This study reports an empirical relationship based on weather conditions to estimate the growth and harvestable biomass of cabbages, factors that are critical for supply of summer cabbages. Based on experimental results testing sowing date effects over the two years from 1997 to 1998, a logistic equation was parameterized to predict leaf area expansion of summer cabbages. This logistic model for leaf area expansion was then combined with an empirical allometric relationship to predict total biomass. The final equation for estimating fresh weight accumulation of Chinese cabbage is given by: $$Fresh\;weight=3500/(1+{\exp}(5.175-1.153{\times}(6/(1+{\exp}(6.367-0.0064{\times}PHU)))))$$ Where PHU is potential heat units ($^{\circ}C$). The model performance was tested using weather data from 2003 to 2006 to predict fresh harvestable biomass. Overall the model performance was satisfactory with the correlation efficient ranging between 0.89 and 0.94 for each year.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 1990

A procedure to standardize camel carcass fabrication is proposed. This includes a definitive method of jointing the carcass into wholesale neck, shoulder, brisket, rib, plate, loin, flank, rump and leg cuts. Carcass cutout data were collected from the right sides of 21 Najdi male camels averaging 8, 16 and 26 months of age in order to determine the influence of age on the weight of each wholesale cut. The weight of body, empty body, hot carcass, cold carcass, hump fat, kidney, pelvic and heart fat (KPH) and each wholesale cut increased (p < .01) with age. Except for percent shrinkage and wholesale rump weight, all studied traits increased (p < .01) linearly as the age increased. This change was most pronounced in wholesale flank and plate cuts, increasing by 4.2 and 3.4 times, respectively, while the rump and shoulder cuts changed the least, increasing by 1.8 and 1.9 times, respectively. Allometric growth coefficients indicated that as the camel grew, the weight of rib, brisket, plate and flank cuts increased relatively more rapidly than did cold carcass or empty body weight and that the weight of wholesale shoulder, neck, leg and rump increased less rapidly than did cold carcass or empty body weight.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.224-233
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• 2023

This research was conducted at Langgur City, Southeast Maluku Regency, Maluku Province, Eastern Indonesia from November 2020 to February 2021 to study biological aspects of roundscads (Decapterus spp.) which consist of species composition, sex ratio, gonad maturation level, size distribution, length-weight relationship and condition factor. Samples were collected at traditional fish market in Langgur City. Fish samples collected at the market were put into cool box and then brought to the laboratory for further examination. Fish samples were identified, separated based on species, dissected to determine their sex and gonad maturation stage and then measured. Totally, there were 290 specimen collected which consist of five species namely Decapterus kurroides, D. macarellus, D. macrosoma, D. muroadsi and D. russelli. Sex ratio between male and female for all species showed 1:1. Gonad maturation level showed that stage I and II have higher percentage than stage III and IV indicates immature fish more dominant compare to mature one. Among five species found, D. macarellus has larger size while the smaller belongs to D. muroadsi. Results of length-weight relationship analysis showed that roundscads inhabiting Southeast Maluku waters have isometric and negative allometric growth pattern with relative condition factor around 1.00.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 1998

Studies on the distribution and growth of the mud mussel, Musculista senhousia, were carried out in the mud-tidal flat near Mokpo from August 1996 to July 1997. The patch distribution of the mussel was observed in the middle part of the tidalflat during the study period. Annual mean density was 8,215${\pm}$1,394 ind./m2 and annual mean biomass was 1,966.43${\pm}$668.49 g TWwt/m2 in total wet weight, 760.04${\pm}$279.13 gMWwt/m2 in meat wet weight, 209.93 ${\pm}$ 49.41 gMDwt/m2 in meat dry weight, and 109.66${\pm}$58.78 gAFDW/m2 in ash-free dry weight. The monthly mean size of shell length varied from 11.00 mm to 16.97 mm. Relationship between shell length (SL) and shell height (SH) showed a positively significant regression (SH=0.482SL+0.791, R2=0.940, P<0.001). Regressions of total wet weight (TWwt) (TWwt=7.601${\times}$10-5SL3.052, R2=0.905, P<0.001), and meat wet weight (MWwt) (MWwt=1.127${\times}$10-5${\times}$SL3.404, R2=0.784, P<0.001) on shell length were positively allometric, with highly significant correlation coefficient. The relationships between SL and meat dry weight (MDwt), and AFDW were MDwt=9.813${\times}$10-6${\times}$SL2.928 (R2=0.421), and AFDW=1.015${\times}$10-5${\times}$SL2.922(R2=0.810), respectively. The condition factor of the mussel has been increased from March and formed a peak in July and August. It was sharply dropped in September. These results suggest that the gonadal development of the species commenced to be occurred in spring and that main spawning occurred between August and September.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2004

To know the effects on temperature and body size on the clearance rate (CR) of a small tidal flat bivalve, Coecella chinensis, laboratory experiments were performed with 20 individuals of different sizes (ranging from 7 to 25 mm) at 3 different temperatures (10, 15, $20^{\circ}C$). The relationship between body size and CR was determined by an allometric equation. The CR of C. chinensis varied greatly ranging from 0.003 to 0.103 L/individual/hr. Both temperature and body size affected significantly on the CR of C. chinensis. The CR at $20^{\circ}C$was 1.5 times higher than that at $15^{\circ}C$ and 2.8 times than $10^{\circ}C$. The temperature coefficient ($Q_10$) between 10 and $15^{\circ}C$ was higher than that between 15 and $20^{\circ}C$, which indicates that C. chinensis changes its CR more rapidly in lower temperature range. As body size increased, the CR increased more than 10-fold at all temperatures. The CR relative to flesh dry weight (FDW) were fitted well to the power function: CR = a ${\times}$ $(FDW)^b$. The exponent value (b) of the fitted equation ranged from 0.64 to 0.70, which are similar to those of other bivalves. The weight-specific CR ($CR_w$) was still affected by body size (p < 0.05). This implies that smaller individuals require more energy per unit biomass for growth, and the energy requirement for growth decreases as body size increases.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.101-116
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• 2022

The harvesting season of lompa fish, Thryssa baelama, through sasi, indigenous knowledge in resources management, in Haruku Village has become a socio-cultural event that attracts many people. The sasi of lompa fish has been conducted for hundreds of years. Information on the bioecology aspect of lompa fish is limited, while this information is crucial for lompa fish sustainability through the sasi approach. This study aimed to investigate some population parameters of lompa fish, its sustainability status, and proposed a sustainable management strategy for the lompa fishery of Haruku Village. Fish population parameter covers length-weight relationship, growth pattern, size distribution, sex ratio, and the body condition index. The sustainability status was assessed following the Rapfish approach. Fisheries management strategy was performed using a conceptual model framework based on Driver Pressure State Impact Response. The research shows that the total length varies between 9.2-14.3 cm. A high relationship was found between total length and weight, and the growth pattern was an allometric negative. There was a difference in sex ratio between males and females, with females dominant. The body condition index varies over time, probably due to reproductive status. The overall sustainability status was at fair condition (61.60%), with the ecological domain having the highest sustainable status (71.07%) and considered sustain. In comparison, the technological domain had the lowest sustainability status (52.58%) and was considered fair sustain. There were seven management strategies proposed for sustainable management for the lompa fishery.