• Title/Summary/Keyword: All India Institute of Medical Sciences

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Pulmonary Strongyloidiasis Masquerading as Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

  • Pradhan, Gourahari;Behera, Priyadarshini;Panigrahi, Manoj Kumar;Bhuniya, Sourin;Mohapatra, Prasanta Raghab;Turuk, Jyotirmayee;Mohanty, Srujana
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.79 no.4
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    • pp.307-311
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    • 2016
  • Pulmonary strongyloidiasis is an uncommon presentation of Strongyloides infection, usually seen in immunocompromised hosts. The manifestations are similar to that of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, the diagnosis of pulmonary strongyloidiasis could be challenging in a COPD patient, unless a high index of suspicion is maintained. Here, we present a case of Strongyloides hyperinfection in a COPD patient mimicking acute exacerbation, who was on chronic steroid therapy.

Malignant Schwannoma of the Esophagus: A Rare Case Report

  • Mishra, Biswajit;Madhusudhan, Kumble Seetharama;Kilambi, Ragini;Das, Prasenjit;Pal, Sujoy;Srivastava, Deep Narayan
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.49 no.1
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    • pp.63-66
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    • 2016
  • Neurogenic tumors are the most prevalent tumors of the mediastinum, and schwannomas are the most common type of neurogenic tumor. Primary neurogenic neoplasm of the esophagus is uncommon and malignant schwannoma of the esophagus is extremely rare. We report a case of a 27-year-old female presenting with dysphagia and palpitations who was found to have a lobulated tumor in the mediastinum that was compressing the esophageal lumen. The tumor was successfully treated surgically without recurrence. The final diagnosis, on histopathological examination of the specimen, was malignant schwannoma.

Extrapulmonary Small Cell Carcinoma - a Case Series of Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Primary Sites Treated with Chemo-Radiotherapy

  • Sahai, Puja;Baghmar, Saphalta;Nath, Devajit;Arora, Saurabh;Bhasker, Suman;Gogia, Ajay;Sikka, Kapil;Kumar, Rakesh;Chander, Subhash
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.16
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    • pp.7025-7029
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    • 2015
  • Background: The optimal sequence and extent of multimodality therapy remains to be defined for extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma because of its rarity. The purpose of our study was to assess the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation/radiation in patients with extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Four consecutively diagnosed patients were included in this study. The primary tumor site was oropharynx in three patients and esophagus in one. The patients with the limited disease were treated with chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation (n=2) or radiotherapy (n=1). The patient with the extensive disease with the primary site in vallecula was treated with chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy to the metastatic site. Results: The median follow-up was 22.5 months (range, 8-24 months). Three patients with the limited disease (base of tongue, n=2; esophagus, n=1) were in complete remission. The patient with the extensive disease died of loco-regional tumor progression at 8 months from the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the preferred therapeutic approach for patients with extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation or radiation provides a good loco-regional control in patients with limited disease.

Type-Specific Incidence and Persistence of HPV Infection among Young Women: A Prospective Study in North India

  • Datta, Palika;Bhatla, Neerja;Pandey, R.M.;Dar, Lalit;Patro, A. Rajkumar;Vasisht, Shachi;Kriplani, Alka;Singh, Neeta
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.1019-1024
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    • 2012
  • Background: Infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) are highly prevalent among sexually active young women in India. However, not much is known about the incidence of type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and their patterns of persistence, especially in the Indian context. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of acquisition and persistence of HPV types in young women. Methods: Women residing in an urban slum in Delhi (n=1300) were followed for 24 months at 6 monthly intervals. Exfoliated cervical cells collected at each visit were tested for the presence of HPV DNA. Genotyping was performed using the reverse line blot assay. Results: The incidence rate for any HPV type was calculated to be 5 per 1000 women-months. Among high risk HPV types, HPV16 had the highest incidence rate followed by HPV59, HPV52 and HPV18, i.e., 3.0, 0.58, 0.41 and 0.35 women per 1000 women-months respectively. The persistence rate was higher for high-risk than low-risk HPV types. Among low-risk types, HPV42, HPV62, HPV84 and HPV89 were found to persist. Whereas almost all high risk types showed persistence, the highest rate was found in women with HPV types 16, 45, 67, 31, 51 and 59. The persistence rate for HPV16 infection was 45 per 1000 women-months. Conclusion: Incident HPV infections and high risk HPV type-specific persistence were found to be high in our study population of young married women. Understanding the patterns of HPV infection may help plan appropriate strategies for prevention programs including vaccination and screening.

Hematologic Toxicity in Patients Undergoing Radical Anti-cancer Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Patients in an Oncology Ward in India

  • Roy, Soumyajit;Mallick, Supriya;Raza, Md. Waseem;Haresh, Kunhi Parambath;Gupta, Subhash;Sharma, Daya Nand;Julka, Pramod Kumar;Rath, Goura Kisore
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.8
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    • pp.3587-3592
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    • 2014
  • Burden of cancer is progressively increasing in developing countries like India which has also led to a steep rise in toxicity due to anti-cancer therapy. A cross-sectional analysis was here conducted for patients with different malignancies (except leukaemia) who while undergoing radical anti-cancer therapy were admitted to our oncology ward from January-July 2013. In a total of 280 patients, the total number of toxicity events was 473. Nine patients expired over this time period. Among the events, grade 2 anaemia the most common (n=189) while the most common grades of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were grade 4 (n=114) and grade 2 (n=48), respectively. Among the tracable microbial etiologies, gram negative bacteria were the most commonly found pathogens. Treatment interruptions took place in 240 patients (median duration=8.8 days). Prolonged hospital admission, intensive care and artificial ventilation support was needed to be given in 48, 7 and 13 patients respectively. Advanced NSCLC, KPS <70, pancytopenia and artificial ventilation requirement were found to have a significant impact on death. Such studies show the prevailing practice from institutes of our country and may guide us formulating a guideline for managing such toxicities for this part of the world.

Evaluation of pedicled flaps for type IIIB open fractures of the tibia at a tertiary care center

  • Vathulya, Madhubari;Dhingra, Mohit;Nongdamba, Hawaibam;Chattopadhyay, Debarati;Kapoor, Akshay;Dhingra, Vandana Kumar;Mago, Vishal;Kandwal, Pankaj
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.417-426
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    • 2021
  • Background Soft tissue coverage plays a vital role in replacing the vascularity of the underlying bone in Gustilo type IIIB fractures. The aim of this article was to evaluate the feasibility of local pedicled flaps in type IIIB fractures at a tertiary care center. Methods We included all cases of open Gustilo-Anderson type IIIB fractures of the tibia treated with local flap coverage from January 2017 to February 2019. We carried out a retrospective analysis to investigate the relationships of complications, hospital stay, and cost-effectiveness with the choice of flap, infective foci, site and size of the defect, and type of fixation. Results Out of 138 Gustilo type IIIB fractures analyzed in our study, 27 cases had complications, of which 19 (13.76%) involved flap necrosis, four (2.89%) were infections, three (2.17%) involved partial necrosis, and one (0.72%) was related to bone spur development. Flap complications showed a statistically significant association with the perforator flap category (propeller flaps in particular) (P=0.001). Flap necrosis showed a significant positive correlation with cases treated within 3 weeks after trauma (P=0.046). A significant positive correlation was also found between defect size and the duration of hospital stay (P=0.03). Conclusions Although local flaps are harvested from the same leg that underwent trauma, their success rate is at least as high as microvascular flaps as reported from other centers. Amidst the local flaps, complications were predominantly associated with perforator flaps.