• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.165-177
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• 2008

Objectives : Headache is one of the most common symptom in primary medical care. The purpose of this research is to examine persisting effects of acupuncture treatment for CTTH. Methods : In this randomized, single blind, placebo-controlled study, we compared active acupuncture with sham acupuncture method for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache. Volunteers who satisfied the requirements were enrolled in study. Evaluation of CTTH was measured by VAS, and Headache Disability Inventory(HDI), Six point Likert Scale, Algometer score(Rt, Lt) before and after treatments. Results : 32 subjects finished study. There were no difference between two group on age, sex, weight, height, blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, differentiation of symptoms, surmise of treatment. In change of VAS, after treatment decreased than before treatment in two group, but there were no statistical significance compared with two group and time. In change of HDI(Total score, Emotional score, Functional score) and Six point Likert scale, after treatment decreased than before treatment in two group, but there were no statistical significance compared with two group and time. In change of two sides Algometer score, after treatment increased than before treatment in two group, and Lt algometer score was statistical significance compared with two group(p<0.001). And both sides Algometer score, threr were statistical significance compared with time. Conclusions : Acupuncture treatment has persisting effects that improve the symptoms and decrease the temporal muscle tenderness in patient with chronic tension-type headache.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether comparing the pressure pain threshold (PPT) with an algometer before and after treatment for functional dyspepsia is of diagnostic value and investigate a possible correlation between PPT measured using an algometer and symptom improvement before and after treatment. Methods: A total of 99 patients with functional dyspepsia symptoms admitted to the OO Korean Medical Hospital from April 14, 2020 to January 21, 2021 were investigated. On the 1st and 14th days of hospitalization, the pressure of the first pain complaint at acupuncture points Juque (巨厥, CV14), Shangwan (上脘, CV13), Zhongwan (中脘, CV12), Xiawan (下脘, CV10), Guanuan (關元, CV4), Tianshu (天樞, ST25), and Daju (大巨, ST27) was measured using the algometer, and the visual analog scale (VAS) scores for patient's symptoms were evaluated. The algometer PPT and patient-symptom VAS scores were compared by repeated measures corresponding to the sample t-test to analyze the changes after treatment. A correlation analysis was performed to identify the correlation between patient-symptom VAS scores and algometer PPT. Results: The PPT measured using the algometer significantly increased after treatment in the 99 patients. The patient-symptom VAS score decreased significantly in most cases as treatment progressed. Analysis of the correlation between algometer PPT and patient-symptom VAS scores revealed some notable negative correlations. Conclusion: The algometer can help to set the diagnostic and treatment baselines for patients with functional dyspepsia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.498-510
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was designed to find out whether there is a correlation between qi-stagnation score and pressure pain threshold (PPT) on acupuncture point $CV_{17}$ in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients. Methods : Thirty BMS patients who newly visited Oral Disease Clinic at the Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital were surveyed. The subjects were evaluated on age, illness duration, sex, self-assessed severity of BMS, qi-stagnation score, and PPT on 3 acupuncture points ($CV_{17}$, Rt. $SP_9$, Lt. $SP_9$). Results : There was significant correlation between age and PPT on $CV_{17}$ (p=0.005). Therefore, partial correlation analysis with age as control variable was done, and the result showed significant correlation between qi-stagnation score and PPT on $CV_{17}$ (p=0.001). Qi-stagnation diagnostic point by PPT on $CV_{17}$ was suggested as 3.8056 $kg/cm^2$ based on the fact that diagnostic score is 28.50 in the qi-stagnation questionnaire. Furthermore, considering that PPT is effected by age, we could attain qi-stagnation diagnostic equation of PPT on $CV_{17}$, that is suggested as $0.047{\times}(age)+0.848kg/cm^2$. PPT of 3 acupuncture points ($CV_{17}$, Rt. $SP_9$, Lt. $SP_9$) was compared, and the result showed that PPT was significantly lower on $CV_{17}$ (w/Rt $SP_9$: p=0.022, w/Lt. $SP_9$: p=0.012). Also, significance and correlation coefficient with qi-stagnation were higher on $CV_{17}$ (p<0.001, r=-0.620) than Rt. $SP_9$ (p=0.023, r=-0.413) or Lt. $SP_9$ (p=0.014, r=-0.444). Conclusions : The result of this study suggested that PPT on $CV_{17}$, measured quantitatively by algometer, had a strong correlation with qi-stagnation score in BMS patients. Therefore, the study showed that $CV_{17}$ can be a useful acupuncture point in diagnosing qi-stagnation by measuring PPT in BMS patients.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.127-134
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular ligament injury induced by acute ankle sprain. Methods : From October 31, 2008 to July 21, 2009, the 11 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental medicine hospital, Dae-Jeon university with acute ankle sprain were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with Pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results : 1. The pain threshold score and the VAS score showed statistical significant improvement after 1st treatment. 2. The pain threshold score and the VAS score showed improvement but had no statistical significance after 2nd treatment. 3. The difference between left and right were not statistical significant in pain threshold score and VAS score. Conclusions : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with anterior talofibular ligament injury induced by acute ankle sprain.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.187-215
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• 2006

Objectives : To determine whether the pragmatic acupuncture treatment provides more effective pain relief than treatment using the same acupuncture point to the all patients. Methods : We randomly allocated participants to treatment group 1 and 2. The group 1 is the pragmatic treatment group and the group 2 is using the same acupuncture point to the all patients. Primary outcomes were measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index(WOMAC) pain and function scores at 4, 8, and 14 weeks. Secondary outcomes were measured by 100mm VAS(Visual Analog Scale), ROM(Range of Motion) using Goniometer, and pain threshold using pressure algometer. Results : When patients were extension of the knee, they were statistically significant in improvement of the ROM in 14 weeks. Whole body condition and pain rate through VAS measurement were improved significantly in 14 weeks. Also pain score and function score of WOMAC were improved significantly in 14 weeks. We could get difference in pain score of two acupuncture groups significantly in 14 weeks. But we could not get difference in whole score of two acupuncture groups significantly. Local temperature using T.C thermometer was changed significantly in 14 weeks. But we could not get difference in whole score of two acupuncture groups significantly. Excluding above item, DITI, pain threshold, and ROM of the knee flexion were no difference in before and after treatment.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.181-190
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular ligament injury induced by acute and chronic ankle sprain. Methods: From April 19, 2010 to May 30, 2011 the 79 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental medical hospital, Dae-Jeon university with ankle sprain were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior taIofibular ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results: 1. The pain threshold and VAS score showed significant improvement on acute subacute, chronic anterior talofibular ligament injury group. 2. The difference in pain threshold and VAS score between acute, subacute, chronic phase group was not significant. Conclusions: Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pan reduction on patient with anterior talofibular ligament injury.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.191-203
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction therapy on lateral ligament injury induced by ankle sprain grade II. Methods: The 67 outpatients who were diagnosed as ankle sprain grade II were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on lateral ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied pretreatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results: 1. The pain threshold and VAS score after 1st and 2nd treatment with an isolated injury of the anterior talofibular ligament showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 2. The VAS score after 1st and 2nd treatment with an combined injury to the anterior talofibular and the calcaneofibular ligament showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 3. The VAS score after 1st and 2nd treatment with an combined injury to the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular ligament showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 4. After 1st and 2nd treatment on the posterior talofibular ligament and after 2nd treatment on the anterior taofibular and calcaneofibular ligament with an combined injury to the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular ligament the pain threshold showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 5. Between isolated injury and combined injury of lateral ligament, the difference in pain threshold and VAS score was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with an isolated injury and combined injury of lateral ligament induced by ankle sprain grade II.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.119-129
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on ligament injury induced by acute ankle sprain. Methods : From september 16, 2008 to April 17, 2010, the 28 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental Medical hospital, Dae-Jeon university with acute ankle sprain were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results : 1. The pain threshold and the VAS score showed statistical significant improvement after 1st treatment on calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligament injury. 2. The VAS score after 2nd treatment on calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligament injury showed statistical significant improvement compared with that after 1st treatment. 3. The pain threshold after 2nd treatment on calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligament injury did not show statistical significant improvement compared with that after 1st treatment. 4. The difference between anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament injury was not statistical significant in pain threshold and VAS score. Conclusions : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with calcaneofibular ligament injury as well as anterior talofibular ligament induced by acute ankle sprain.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.125-141
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• 2008

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the curative effect of Bee Venom Acupuncture Therapy for pain and limited R.O.M (range of motion) of shoulder in stroke patients. Methods : The subjects of this study were 6 patients with shoulder pain in stroke sequelae. Routine Oriental Medical programs (Acupunture, moxibustion, herbal medicine and physical therapy) were maintained for each subject throughout this study. Single subject ABABAB design was adopted. Each period was 4 days as a rule. Only during the treatment period, Bee Venom Acupuncture Therapy was provided as intervention at the acupoints of LI15(Gyeonu),　TE14(Gyeollyo), GB21(Gyeonjeong), LI14(Bino). The change of pain was measured with a Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The pain threshold was measured using pressure algometer at the same acupoints where Bee Venom Acupuncture Therapy was provided. And the R.O.M of shoulder joint (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external rotation, internal rotation) was measured as well. Analysis was performed by Bayesian analysis using WinBUGS for the comparison of treatment(Bee Venom Acupuncture Therapy) and non-treatment. Results : The median overall improvement for difference in VAS was -2.219(-3.213, -1.175), for difference in external rotation of shoulder R.O.M was 9.992(-2.298, 18.49), for difference in tenderness score of LI14(Bino) by pressure algometer was 5.05(0.6283, 7.762). 95% credibility intervals being shown in brackets. However, the median overall improvement for difference in the other measurements was not significant. Conclusion : This study suggests that Bee Venom Therapy may be applicable to decrease pain and improve R.O.M of shoulder in hemiplegia patients with stroke. Further elaborated single subject designs need to be accumulated to confirm the effects of Bee Venom Acupunture Therapy on shoulder pain in patients with stroke sequelae.