• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1690-1698
• /
• 2012

음주는 손상의 가장 위험 요인으로 정확한 평가를 위하여 세계보건기구에서 개발한 Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (만성음주행태측정 이하 AUDIT)와 같은 도구를 이용하여 성인에서의 음주행태와 손상 발생률 및 손상 세부 특성과의 연관성을 평가하고자 실시 하였다. 본 연구는 2009년도 국민건강영양조사를 이용하였으며 성인 만 19세 이상 성인 중 7,893명이 참여하여 손상에 응답한 7,511명, 그 중 음주행태조사 참여는 6,6362명 설문에 무응답 104명을 제외 최종 6,258명 연구 대상으로 분석하였다. AUDIT범주에 따른 손상 발생률 및 세부특성 즉 신체부위, 유형, 기전별 손상 발생율의 비교위험도를 T-test, ANOVA, Logistic regression 이용하여 산출하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 19.0 통계프로그램을 사용하였다. 분석결과 체전손상에서 남자가 손상의 발생이 유의하게 높았다. 음주 관련 손상의 경우에서 남자가 여자에 비해 손상의 발생 위험이 8.3배 높았다. 교육은 고등학교 졸업자가 AUDIT이 가장 높은 비율을 보여 유의하였으며, 결혼한 사람과 월소득이 201-300만원인 사람들이 AUDIT가 가장 높게 나타났으며 유의하였다. 문제음주자와 알코올의존자에서 의미있게 증가된 신체부위의 손상은 두 경부에서 0.0371로 유의하게 나타났고 AUDIT와 손상외인 기전에서는 운수사고, 미끄러짐, 기타, 부딪힘, 추락의 순으로 나타났으며, 손상의 유형 분류상 기타(열상, 좌상, 중독, 관통상 등)에서 유의하였다. 음주로 인한 손상 및 손상외인의 기전은 매우 중요하며, 상담자를 통한 동기유발 조정이 이루어 지게 되면 음주횟수를 줄여 음주로 인한 손상을 완화시킬 수 있는 장치가 필요하다.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.5-16
• /
• 2008

1980년대 이후 마인드풀니스를 활용한 다양한 치료 프로그램들이 임상 현장에서 적용되고 있으며 최근에는 교육 현장에서도 활용되고 있다. 본고에서는 최근에 발표된 마인드풀니스 관련 단행본과 학술잡지를 연구하여 마인드풀니스의 의미와 MBSR, MBCT, ACT, DBT 등의 임상적 활용에 대해 고찰한 결과 마인드풀니스는 스트레스 극복을 통한 다양한 정신신체질환에 적용 가능할 뿐만 아니라 불안증, 우울증, 식이장애 등 정신과적 질환에 적용가능하며 새로운 정신사회적 치료의 한 가지로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.84-87
• /
• 2003

Drowsy driving is a major cause of automobile crashes and can lead to more serious injuries than other causes of traffic accidents. Factors increasing the risk of drowsy driving and related crashes include sleep loss, late night driving, untreated or unrecognized sleep disorders, use of sedating medications and consumption of alcohol. Young people, especially young males, shift workers, and people with untreated sleep apnea syndrome and narcolepsy are well known as the population groups at highest risk. To prevent drowsy driving and its consequences, getting adequate and quality sleep is both easier and much more successful than any remedial measure. Other helpful behaviors include avoidance of alcoholic beverages and limiting late night driving. Taking a short nap or consuming caffeine can make a short-term difference in driving alertness. In addition, information should be actively provided to the public about the importance of sleep disorders and their consequences. To reduce injuries and death caused by drowsy driving, it is a prerequisite to increase public awareness that drowsy driving can cause serious automobile crashes and has morbidity and mortality rates as high as those of drunk driving.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.333-348
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The present study investigated the association between nurse staffing and health outcomes among psychiatric inpatients in Korea by assessing National Health Insurance claims data. Methods: The dataset included 70,136 patients aged 19 years who were inpatients in psychiatric wards for at least two days in 2016 and treated for mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol; schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders; and mood disorders across 453 hospitals. Nurse staffing levels were measured in three ways: registered nurse-to-inpatient ratio, registered nurse-to-adjusted inpatient ratio, and nursing staff-to-adjusted inpatient ratio. Patient outcomes included length of stay, readmission within 30 days, psychiatric emergency treatment, use of injected psycholeptics for chemical restraint, and hypnotics use. Relationships between nurse staffing levels and patient outcomes were analyzed considering both patient and system characteristics using multilevel modeling. Results: Multilevel analyses revealed that more inpatients per registered nurse, adjusted inpatients per registered nurse, and adjusted inpatients per nursing staff were associated with longer lengths of stay as well as a higher risk of readmission. More adjusted inpatients per registered nurse and adjusted inpatients per nursing staff were also associated with increased hypnotics use but a lower risk of psychiatric emergency treatment. Nurse staffing levels were not significantly associated with the use of injected psycholeptics for chemical restraint. Conclusion: Lower nurse staffing levels are associated with negative health outcomes of psychiatric inpatients. Policies for improving nurse staffing toward an optimal level should be enacted to facilitate better outcomes for psychiatric inpatients in Korea.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국감성과학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.101-104
• /
• 2009

This study investigated compensatory mechanisms in the brain during a verbal working memory task among people with Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD). A total of 21 college male students participated in the study: eleven AUD participants and 10 normal controls. Study participants were asked to complete the Korean version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (K-WAIS-III) prior to the fMRI experiment. Verbal 0-back and 2-back tasks were used to assess brain activities of the participants' verbal working memory. Brain scanning was performed on Siemens SONATA 1.5T Scanner while participants were performing the 0-back and 2-back tasks. Within the AUD group, participants with greater dependency to alcohol (based on DSM-IV criteria) in the past 1 year showed lower mean score on the 'Similarities' of the K-WAIS-III (r=-0.63, p<0.05, N=11). The more participants experienced alcohol withdrawal symptoms in the past 1 year, the lower the score they received on the K-WAIS-III 'Picture Arrangement' (r=-0.69, p<0.05, n=11). The fMRI regression results showed that individuals who present greater degree of alcohol dependency symptoms are likely to show greater brain activation in the bilateral middle frontal gyri (BA 9) during the verbal working memory task. The degree of alcohol withdrawal symptoms were associated with increased brain activation in the left superior and middle frontal gyri (BA8), left precentral gyrus (BA 6), and left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40). The study findings showed that the degree of alcohol abuse/dependence and withdrawal symptoms were associated with decreased cognitive function and increased activations in brain regions particularly important for abstract reasoning (BA 9), central executive (BA 9), or spatial storage (BA 40) during a working memory task. Therefore, these results could support previous studies suggesting that the neural system of people with ADD may adopt a brain compensatory mechanism to maintain normal level of cognitive functions.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2009

Objectives: This study furthers the currents understanding of alcohol use disorders, stress, mental health status and suicide among Seoul citizens. This study is to identify differences according to socio-demographic variables and variables which affect stress, mental status and suicide for developing mental health programs. Methods: The study subjects using cluster-stratified sampling method were 1234 adults over 19 years old from 17 dong, S-Ku in Seoul City. A cross-sectional study with face-to-face interview was used to collect data. A questionnaire measuring socio-demographic variables, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and psychosocial wellbeing index-short form (PWI-SF) was utilized. Results: Three findings in this study were discussed: (1) The prevalence of problem drinking and alcohol dependence and AUDIT score were significantly higher among male, younger age, and high level of education and income; (2) AUDIT score were related with stress, all 9 symptoms of SCL-R and suicide plan; (3) Problem drinkers were more likely to have 2.5 times of anxiety, 3.0 times of hostility, and 2.4 times psychoticism than non alcohol problem drinkers. Alcohol dependence drinkers were more likely to have 1.9 times of high risk group of stress, 4.1 times of obsessive-compulsive, 4.7 times of anxiety, 5.5 times of hostility, and 2.3 times psychoticism than non alcohol dependence drinkers. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the future intervention of Mental Health programs should be carefully designed and tailored by socio-demographic variables.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.981-995
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 단주를 유지하고 있는 알코올 사용장애자의 단주기간에 따른 인구사회학적 특성과 알코올의존 회복, 삶의 질, 임파워먼트, 자아존중감의 차이를 확인하고 그 관계를 비교 연구하였다. 연구대상자는 전국 7개 지역을 중심으로 알코올 사용장애로 진단받은 후 단주 중인 알코올 사용장애자 207명이었다. 선행연구 결과를 바탕으로 207명을 단주 1년 미만, 1년-5년 미만, 5년 이상으로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 집단 간 차이에 영향을 주는 인구사회학적 특성은, 성별, 나이, 결혼 여부, 경제활동 여부였고, 1년 미만의 단주자들보다 1년 이상 단주를 유지하는 단주자들의 알코올의존 회복, 삶의 질, 임파워먼트, 자아존중감 모든 요인에서 높은 점수가 확인되었다. 그리고 단주기간을 불문하고 모든 단주자들에게서 알코올의존 회복, 삶의 질, 임파워먼트, 자아존중감이 서로 유의미한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 장기적인 단주에 영향을 주는 요인들과 단주의 효과를 알 수 있었고 이런 요인들을 고려한 알코올의존 회복 프로그램이나 치료적 중재의 필요성을 제안하였다.

• 감성과학
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2019

분노는 알코올 사용 장애자들이 재발하기 전에 가장 흔하게 경험하는 정서 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 알코올 사용장애자의 분노 경험에 따른 자율신경계 반응 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구에는 알코올 사용 장애로 진단받고 치료 중인 남성 환자 12명과 이들과 연령 및 학력수준이 유사한 일반인 남성 14명이 참여하였다. 분노를 유발하기 위하여 시청각 동영상을 제시하고, 이때 나타난 심리 및 자율신경계 반응(피부전기 활동)을 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 참여자들이 경험한 정서의 강도에서는 알코올 집단과 일반인 집단에서 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 반면, 알코올 집단은 안정 상태에 비해 분노 상태에서 비중독자에 비해 피부전도 수준, 피부전도 반응 그리고 피부전도반응 수가 유의하게 낮았다. 이 결과는 알코올 중독자들이 분노를 처리하는 동안에 생리 반응에서 이상이 나타남을 시사하였다. 알코올 사용 장애자들의 분노 경험 동안에 나타난 생리 반응 이상을 완화할 수 있는 개입방법을 개발한다면 알코올 사용 장애자들의 정서 처리 문제를 해결할 수 있어 그들의 재발 방지에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한불안의학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2009

Objectives : We examined quality of life, psychosocial adjustments to illness, changes in sexual functioning, and prevalence of psychiatric disorders in AIDS patients compared to patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB). Methods : Thirty-one men with AIDS and 50 men with CHB were enrolled. The Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12), the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS), and the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire short form (CSFQ-14) were administered. Results on these assessments were compared between the 31 AIDS patients and 50 CHB patients. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSMIV (SCID) was administered to determine the psychiatric diagnosis only for the AIDS patients. Results : The Physical Component Summary score (PCS) was lower in AIDS patients than in CHB patients (p<0.001). In the section examining sexual relationships, AIDS patients exhibited a lower level of adjustment (p<0.05) and had more changes in sexual function (p<0.05) than did CHB patients. Administration of the SCID to AIDS patients indicated that the lifetime prevalence of any psychiatric disorder was 56.7% ; 43.3% for mood disorders, 33.3% for alcohol use disorders, 26.7% for anxiety disorders, and 20% for adjustment disorder. Patients who had experienced any psychiatric disorder had more severe psychosocial distress (p=0.004) and evidenced a lower level of overall psychosocial adjustment (p=0.030) than patients who had not. Conclusion : We showed that AIDS patients have a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, and that AIDS patients with psychiatric disorders were particularly low in levels of psychosocial adjustment. Thus, careful attention should be given to psychiatric aspects of AIDS patients emphasizing the early diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 2005년도 제57차 추계 학술대회 연제집
• /
• pp.395-395
• /
• 2005