• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2000

The interaction between chemistry and turbulence is treated by employing the Representative Interactive Flamelet (RIF) Model. The detailed chemistry of 114 elementary steps and 44 chemical species is adopted for the n-heptane/air reaction. In order to account for the spatial inhomogeneity of the scalar dissipation rate, the multi-RIF is used. The effect of the number of RIF on ignition delay is discussed in detail. Numerical results indicate that the present RIF approach successfully predicts the ignition delay time as well as the essential features of a spray auto-ignition process.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.247-251
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• 1985

네자리 리간드인 ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-S-${\alpha}$-propionic acid (eddp)의 디클로로 코발트(III) 착물을 공기산화법에 의하여 합성하였다. eddp리간드는 코발트(III) 이온에 매우 입체선택적으로 배위하여 ${\Delta}$-S-cis 이성체만을 형성함이 관찰되었다. 합성된 착물의 구조는 원소분석, 적외선 분광분석법, 핵자기 공명 및 흡수스펙트럼으로 확인되었으며 특히 착물의 절대배열은 핵자기공명 스펙트럼으로 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2004

$Cu^{II}$-complexes of N-salicylideneaniline and its derivatives were not light sensitive in most solvents such as acetonitrile. A photo-decomposition occurred upon irradiation in halocarbon solvents such as $CHCl_3$. It has been suggested that such photoreactivity is attributed to the reactivity of charge-transfer to solvent (CTTS) excited state attained upon irradiation. A mechanism has been proposed to account for the results obtained. The complexes have been thermally analysed in nitrogen and static air using thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG). The thermal degradation of the complexes proceeds in two or three stages. The kinetic parameters obtained from the Coats-Redfern and Horowitz-Metzger equations show the kinetic compensation effect.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

풀러렌 산화물 쪼개짐 반응은 $FeCl_3$를 첨가한 초음파 조건에서 4-nitroaniline, 3-nitroaniline, 4-isopropylaniline 등의 방향족 아민 화합물과 풀러렌 산화물을 반응시켜 일어났다. MALDI-TOF-MS와 UV-vis 스펙트라를 사용하여 풀러렌 산화물 쪼개짐 반응으로 생성된 화합물이 아민화 풀러렌 유도체임을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-60
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• 1989

UV irradiation of anthraquinone and diphenylacetylene in benzene gave 1:1 photoadduct (7) and cyclization product (8). The photoreaction of anthrone and diphenylacetylene in dichloromethane afforded the photooxidation products (7, 8, and 9) in air. The photoproduct (7) underwent the cyclization reaction during the purification by the column chromatography (silica gel). When irradiated with 350 nm UV light, the product (11) of benzil reacted with diphenylacetylene to give a photoadduct(12).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.369-374
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• 1994

Self-assembled (SA) and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers of arachidic acid on silver surfaces have been investigated by a reflection-absorption Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Arachidic acid was adsorbed on silver as carboxylate with its two oxygen atoms bound symmetrically to the surface. Although both the SA and LB monolayers consisted of fully extended trans zigzag carbon chains, a closer examination indicated that the SA monotayers should possess a more ordered crystalline structure than the LB monolayers. The infrared spectral data dictated that the extent of methyl group exposure at the air-film interface was greater in the SA monolayers than the LB monolayers, in agreement with the contact angle measurement. From a theoretical analysis, the alkyl chains in each monolayers seemed to be tilted away from the surface normal by less than $3.5^{\circ}$, but in opposite directions. Arachidic acid monolayers were concluded to have same structure as stearic acid monolayers.

• 폴리머
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2008

This study examined the oxidative polycondensation reaction of 2-[(pyridin-4-yl-) methyleneamino] pyridine-3-ol (2-PMAP) using air $O_2$ and NaOCl oxidants at various temperatures and times in aqueous alkaline and acidic media. Under these reactions, the optimum reaction conditions using air $O_2$ and NaOCl oxidants were determined for 2-PMAP. The number-average molecular weight ($M_n$), weight average molecular weight ($M_w$), and polydispersity index (PDI) values of O-2-PMAP synthesized in aqueous alkaline media were found to be 960, 1230, and $1.281\;g\;mol^{-1}$ using NaOCl, and 1030, 1520, and $1.476\;g\;mol^{-1}$ using air $O_2$, respectively. At the optimum reaction conditions, the yield of O-2-PMAP in aqueous alkaline media was 92.50% and 85.70% for air $O_2$ and NaOCl oxidants, respectively. The yield of O-2-PMAP in aqueous acidic media was 88.5% and 88.0% for NaOCl and air $O_2$ oxidants, respectively. O-2-PMAP was characterized by $^1H-$, $^{13}C$-NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis, SEC, and elemental analysis. TGA-DTA analysis revealed O-2-PMAP and its oligomer metal complex compounds, such as $Co^{+2}$, $Ni^{+2}$, and $Cu^{+2}$, to be stable against thermal decomposition and their weight losses at $1000^{\circ}C$ were found to be 73.0, 58.0, 53.5%, and 50.0%, respectively. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of the monomer and oligomer were tested against E. Coli (ATCC 25922), E. Faecelis (ATCC 29212), P. Auroginasa (ATCC 27853), and S. Aureus (ATCC 25923).

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2003

Gas flux across the air-sea interface is often determined by the product of gas transfer velocity k) and the difference of concentrations in water and air. k is primarily controlled by wind stress on the air-sea interface, thus all parameterizations ofk involve wind speed, a rough indicator of wind stress, as one of the independent variables. We attempted to explore the spatial and temporal variations of k in the East (Japan) Sea using a database from Naet al. (1992). Three different parameterizations were employed: those of Liss and Merlivat (1986), Wanninkhof(1992), and Wanninkhofand McGillis (1999). The strong non-linear dependence of k on wind speed in all parameterizations leads us to examine the effect of time resolution, in which the binned wind speeds are averaged, on the estimation ofk. Two time resolutions of 12 hours (short-term) and one month (long-term) were chosen. The mean wind speeds were fed into the given parameterizations, resulting in six different transfer velocities of $CO_2$ ranging from 12 to 32 cm/h. In addition to the threefold difference depending on the choice of parameterization, the long-term average of wind speed results in a value ofk up to 20% higher than the short-term (12 hours) average of wind speed due to the non-Rayleigh wind distribution in the East (Japan) Sea. While it is not known which parameterization is more reliable, this study proposes that the time-averaged wind speed should not be used in areas where non-Ralyleigh wind distribution prevails such as the East (Japan) Sea. The net annual $CO_2$ flux was estimated using the value of k described above and the monthly ${\Delta}fCO_2$ of Oh et al. (1999); this ranges from 0.034 to 0.11 Gt-C/yr.

• 공업화학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2017

공랭식 고분자전해질 연료전지는 개방된 cathode구조로 인하여 시스템의 단순화와 부품 수 저감의 장점이 있다. 공랭식 연료전지는 최근에 많이 연구되고 있지만, 성능이 외부 환경에 영향을 받으며, 공기의 상대습도가 낮은 경우 전해질막의 건조로 인한 성능 감소가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 공랭식 연료전지의 성능에 영향을 주는 요인인 cathode 측 공기 유량과 anode 측 purge interval영향에 대해 분석하였으며, 스택을 운전하지 않는 상태로 장기간 보관하는 것이 성능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험을 수행하였다. 연료전지 외부에 설치한 fan의 전압을 조절하면 cathode 측 공기의 공급유량을 변화시킬 수 있고 스택의 온도도 제어할 수 있으므로, fan전압은 공랭식 연료전지의 성능에 영향을 주는 중요한 인자이다. 연료전지 시스템을 단순화하고 수소의 사용률을 높이기 위하여 anode 측은 dead ended anode (DEA) 기법을 사용하였다. 주기적인 purge를 실행하여 생성된 물과 가스를 배출하였으며, purge 주기를 변경하면서 스택의 성능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험을 수행하였다. 스택의 보관기간이 길어질수록 membrane dehydration으로 인해 성능이 감소하는 것을 실험을 통해 파악하였고, 단시간에 성능을 회복할 수 있는 기법을 제시하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2024

직접공기포집 기술은 기후 변화 완화에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 국제에너지기구와 기후변화에 관한 보고서에서는 이러한 중요성을 강조하고 있고, 탄소의 지속적인 배출에도 불구하고 이를 감소시킴으로써 지구 온난화를 1.5 ℃로 제한하는 것을 목표로 한다. 직접공기포집 기술은 초기 비용에도 불구하고 연구 및 개발, 운영 학습 및 규모의 경제를 통한 비용 절감의 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 최근 고투과도를 갖춘 고분자 막의 발전은 막 기반 직접공기포집 기술에 대한 잠재력을 제시하고 있으나, 효과적인 대기 중 CO₂ 분리를 위해서는 CO₂에 대한 높은 선택성과 투과성을 갖춘 막을 필요로 한다. 현재 연구는 막 최적화 연구를 다수의 연구팀에 의하여 연구되고 있으며, CO₂ 포집 효율을 향상시키는 데 중점을 두고 있다. 본 연구에서는 직접공기포집의 중요성, 발전 중인 비용 동향 및 기후 변화 완화에 있어서 막의 발전이 중요한 역할을 강조하고 있고, 덧붙여서 이 연구에서는 막 기반 DAC에서의 permeance와 selectivity의 이론적 배경, 조건, 구성, 장단점에 대해 알아보았다.