• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2020

The high intrinsic water content and salinity of food waste prevent a smooth composting process and consequently cause social, economic and environmental problems. In this study, we investigated the distribution of the water content and salinity in food wastes to obtain useful primary data to ensure adequate and quality recycling. A total of 300 food waste (FW) samples were collected from residential apartments (home generated FW), a wide range of restaurants, i.e., restaurant generated FW that included Korean, Chinese, Japanese and western FWs, and several places that included food waste processing facilities (dehydrated FW cakes). The collected food wastes were oven dried for 48 hours at 80℃ after which the water and salinity contents were analyzed. The results show that the average water content of the FWs was 72.45 ± 10.51%, and the average salinity content was 2.03 ± 0.57%. Furthermore, the salinity of the collected FWs was characterized by where the FW was generated. By location, the salinity concentration of home generated FW was 2.30% while western food had the lowest salinity concentration of 1.18%. However, dehydrated cakes had the highest salinity concentration of 2.84%. Especially, the distribution of the salinity content in food wastes can form the basis for improving the compost quality in food waste recycling.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2015

Anaerobic decomposition of organic material in flooded rice fields produces methane, which escapes to the atmosphere primarily by transport through the rice plants. The annual amount of $CH_4$ emitted from a given area of rice is a function of the number and duration of crops grown, water regimes before and during cultivation period, and organic and inorganic soil amendments. Soil type, temperature, and rice cultivar also affect $CH_4$ emissions. The field experiment was conducted for three years to develop methane emission factor for water regime before the cultivation period from the rice fields. It was treated with three different water regimes prior to rice cultivation, namely: non-flooded pre-season < 180 days, non-flooded pre-season > 180 days, flooded per-season in which the minimum flooding interval is set to 30 days. Methane emission increased with days after transplanting and soil redox potential (Eh) decreased rapidly after flooding during the rice cultivation. The average methane emission fluxes were $5.47kg\;CH_4\;ha^{-1}day^{-1}$in flooded pre-season > 30 days, 5.04 in non-flooded pre-season < 180 days and 4.62 in non-flooded pre-season > 180. Methane emission flux was highly correlated with soil temperature and soil Eh. Rice yields showed no difference among treatments with water regime before the cultivation period.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1130-1139
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• 2024

Objective: The daily maximum temperature and seawater level continuously increase as global warming continues. We examined the adaptability and production performance of heat-stressed goats with a supply of low-saline drinking water. Methods: Twelve Kacang and Kacang Etawah cross goats were exposed to two climatic conditions (control, 25℃ to 33℃, 83% relative humidity [RH], temperature humidity index [THI]: 76 to 86; and hot environment, 26℃ to 39℃, 81% RH, THI: 77 to 94) and two salt levels in drinking water (0% and 0.4% NaCl). The experimental design was a Latin Square (4×4) with four treatments and four periods (28 days each). Results: Temperature of the rectal, skin, and udder, and respiration rate rose, reached a maximum level on the first day of heat exposures, and then recovered. Plasma sodium rose at 0.4% NaCl level, while the hot environment and salinity treatments increased the drinking water to dry matter (DM) intake ratio. Water excretion was elevated in the hot environment but lowered by the increase in salinity. Total lying time increased, whereas change position frequency decreased in the hot condition. Lying and ruminating and total ruminating time increased and explained the enhanced DM digestibility in the hot conditions. Conclusion: The goats exhibited a high level of plasma sodium as salinity increased, and they demonstrated physiological and behavioral alterations while maintaining their production performances under increasing daily maximum temperatures.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.79-88
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• 1999

In order top investigate the growth of water dropwort grown by sandculture irrigated with recirculated tilapia aquaculture water, these experiments were carried out. Fish(tilapia) production and biofiltration provided by sand cultured water dropwort(Oenanthe stolonifera DC.) were linked in a closed system of recirculation water. Water dropwort was irrigated with water drawn from the tilapia tank and drainage from sand beds was returned to the fish tank. The temperature, pH and EC of tilapia culture water were stable. The growth of water dropwort grown by sandculture with aquaculture water was normal. Microbial activity of the biofilterbed irrigated by tilapia rearing water was higher than that of biofilterbed irrigated by tapwater. The feasibility of an integrated, recirculatory system for concurrent production of water dropwort and fish with no additional fertilization application was demonstrated.

• 농촌계획
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1996

The objectives of the study were to. 1) explain the seriousness of environmental problems and the importance of environmental education in rural development , and 2) explore more effective and efficient ways of environmental education for agriculture and rural development in Korea. The world has rapidly changed and concepts such as clientele -centered, efficiency, and globalization are flowing under this change. Agriculture or rural development is not an exception. In order for agriculture as an occupation and rural communities to have competitiveness in efficiency and attractiveness, it is important to develop and execute a well-planned program for agriculture and rural development. Otherwise, farmers and rural inhabitants will continue to leave the agriculture and rural areas. Frequent recent reports of newspapers on nit and water pollution, including nutrients and pesticides have brought attention to the seriousness of environmental problems in Korea. Environmental concerns should consider in planning and executing the rural development program. People want to get contamination-free foods, water and fresh air. They can and are willing to pay their money for high quality food, water and a better living environment, as their incomes have been increasing, Agriculture and rural communities may have competitiveness in these aspects. It is irony that environmental concerns makes the possibility of changes in agriculture and rural development in Korea. Environmental education will have an increasingly important role in agriculture and rural development. Environmental problems relate to the human behavior in various aspects. Many environmental problems are mainly rooted to people's ignorance and spending-habits, and lack of technology related to environment. These human behaviors are the focus that environmental education should teach and change. Environmental education has been carried out through various subjects in school education in Korea, but "Environment" in middle school and "Environmental Science" in high school were separated as a regular subject from 1996. Environmental education still has a lot of room for development from a theoretical frame work. Environmental education should be carried out as action-oriented, student-centered programs. Various teaching materials, programs and proper supporting budget should be developed so that environmental education fulfills its necessary role well in agriculture and rural development. A textbook about the environment alone will not guarantee a high quality environmental education.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 요지
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• pp.182-183
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• 2005

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.67-88
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• 1999

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.356-364
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• 1997

경남지역 주요 시설원예 용수원의 수질을 김해, 창녕, 함안, 사천, 진주 등 5개 지역에서 각 지역별 4개지점의 지표수의 수질을 동절기인 1995년 10월부터 1996년 3월까지 매월 1회, 총 6회에 걸쳐 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 각 지역별 pH는 6.6${\sim}$9.1 범위였으며, 농업용수 허용기준치인 pH 6.0${\sim}$8.5를 초과하는 지역은 김해, 창녕이었다. DO는 함안을 제외한 지역은 평균 10.0mg/l 이상으로서 비교적 높았으나 함안은 6.4${\sim}$10.0mg/l 범위로서 타지역에 비하여 낮았으며, BOD는 함안 3개지점, 사천 1개 지점이 농업용수 허용기준치인 8.0mg/l을 초과하였다. COD는 진주를 제외한 4개지역 모두 농업용수 허용기준치 8.0mg/l초과하였고, 함안이 평균 19.8mg/l로 타지역에 비하여 가장 높았다. ${NH_4}^+-N$은 창녕과 함안지역이 각각 1.21mg/l 및 2.75mg/l로 높았으며, $NO^{3-}-N$은 양호한 편이었다. $K^+,\;Na^+,\;Mg^{2+},\;Ca^{2+},\;PO_4^{3-}$ 및 $SO_4^{2-}$는 함안지역이 타지역에 비하여 매우 높았으며, Pb는 각 지역 모두 농산물 재배 기준치인 0.1mg/l이하였으며, Cu, Cd 및 Zn의 각 지역별 평균은 농업용수 기준치 이하였으며 지점에 따라서는 기준치를 초과하는 지점도 여러곳 있었다. 수질분석 항목들간의 상관관계를 검토한 결과 COD와 SS는 r$=0.799^{{\ast}{\ast}}$로 고도의 유의성있는 정의상관이 있었으며, BOD는 $NH_4\;^+-N,\;PO_4\;^{3-},\;K^+,\;Na^+$ 및 $Cl^-$과 유의성있는 정의 상관이 있었다. 경남지역 시설원예지대 농업용수원의 동절기 (1995년 10월${\sim}$1996년 3월) 지표수 수질실태는 진주<사천<김해<창녕<함안 순으로 오염도가 높았다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.148-153
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• 1999

경기도내 농업용 지하수 수질의 현황을 파악하여 영농의 기초자료로 활용하고자 용인시, 평택시, 화성군 및 수원시 등 4개 지역의 시설하우스 53개 지점에서 사용하는 지하수 수질을 1998년에 연 3회에 걸쳐 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 지하수중의 EC, COD, $NH_4-N$, $PO_4$ 및 Cl등의 농도는 각 지점 모두 농작물 생육에는 지장이 없는 안전한 수준이었다. 2. 질산성질소의 경우 지역적 차이는 평택>용인>화성>수원 순이었으며, 특히 평택의 경우 연평균 26.89mg/l로 지하수법에서 정하고 있는 농업용수의 수질기준 20mg/l을 상회하는 것으로 나타났고, 조사시기별 농도변화는 큰 차이가 없었다. 평택의 조사대상지처럼 오염된 지하수를 이용하여 작물을 재배할 때는 물관리와 시비 관리에 세심한 주의를 기울여야 할 것으로 판단된다. 3. 중금속의 경우 대부분의 지역에서 미량 검출되어 큰 문제가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 일부의 조사대상 지점에서는 일시적으로 중금속이 다량 검출되는 경우도 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2003년도 학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

In this report, we first introduce the plan of the Japanese Council of University Experimental Forests to establish Long-Term Forest Hydrological Network, and propose the cooperation between Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources (JSHWR) and Korean Water Resources Association (KWRA) to fulfill the plan. Then we introduce our hydrological researches conducted in a non-managed artificial forest watershed of Kyushu University Forests in 2002. Though hydrological phenomena have not sufnciently investigated, we introduce the hydrological aspects obtained in 2002 to initiate cooperative researches on Forest Ecosystems with KWRA.