• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.261-272
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• 2022

Agriculture and the rural sector play a crucial part in Vietnam's socio-economic growth. The study's goal is to see how technology transfer from young intellectual research activities affects the economic evolution of Vietnam's agriculture and rural sector in the 4.0 technology era. The research has used a quantitative method through analysis of linear structural model SEM, with a survey scale including 480 samples that are managers in departments and branches in agriculture and rural sector in the provinces in Vietnam. Research results show that technology transfer from research activities of the young intellectual has a direct and positive impact on economic development in agriculture and rural sector. This level of impact will increase with the participation of the intermediary factors such as awareness of managers, trust, and mechanisms in the mobilization and use of resources. These results contribute to both theoretical and practical aspects when proving the impact of technology transfer from the research activity of the young intellectual to the economic development in the field of agriculture and rural sector in the 4.0 era and the mediating role of awareness of managers, trust and mechanisms in the mobilization and use of resources.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.737-747
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze farmers' perceptions of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Projects and identify factors influencing participation in the projects. To achieve the research objective, a survey was conducted and a probit model was adopted for the empirical analysis. The results showed that farmers do not participate in the projects due to a lack of education and promotion and due to economic loss. It also showed that the frequency of training and technical guidance learning, degree of recognition of the need for efforts to reduce greenhouse gases, and the level of recognition of the projects concerned have a positive impact on the willingness to participate in the projects. Meanwhile, participation in agricultural environment conservation programs has a negative impact on it. Enhancement of education and promotion as well as economic support (direct payment, R&D) would be useful to raise the willingness to participate in the projects.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2021

Plant disease is one of the issues that can create losses in the production and economy of the agricultural sector. Early detection of this disease for finding solutions and treatments is still a challenge in the sustainable agriculture field. Currently, image processing techniques and machine learning methods have been applied to detect plant diseases successfully. However, the effectiveness of these methods still needs to be improved, especially in multiclass plant diseases classification. In this paper, a convolutional neural network with a batch normalization-based deep learning approach for classifying plant diseases is used to develop an automatic diagnostic assistance system for leaf diseases. The significance of using deep learning technology is to make the system be end-to-end, automatic, accurate, less expensive, and more convenient to detect plant diseases from their leaves. For evaluating the proposed model, an experiment is conducted on a public dataset contains 20654 images with 15 plant diseases. The experimental validation results on 20% of the dataset showed that the model is able to classify the 15 plant diseases labels with 96.4% testing accuracy and 0.168 testing loss. These results confirmed the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model for the plant disease detection task.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.241-253
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• 2022

The negative impact of climate change on the agricultural sector is rapidly increasing, and it is urgent to prepare policies at the government level to mitigate it. In the case of Rwanda's agricultural sector, which lacks the government's budget and farmers' capital, efficient and effective policy implementation is of paramount importance. To this end, rather than establishing related policies in the public sector from the top down, it is necessary to establish a bottom-up customized policy that is reflected in policy establishment by identifying the characteristics and behaviors of farmers who actually participate in adaptation activities. In this study, the effects of farmers' characteristics and farmers' perception status/adaptation status to climate change on the selection of adaptation methods for climate change were analyzed. 357 rice farmers randomly selected from Eastern Rwanda were surveyed to explore the information related to farmers' perception to climate change and adaptation methods as well as basic information of the farm. Research shows that the probability of selecting a variety of adaptation methods rather than not responding to climate change increases the younger the age, the higher the education level, and the easier access to climate information and credit. As a policy proposals, it is judged that public support such as strengthening agricultural technology support services, including more detailed guidance for elderly and low-educated farmers, and improving access to farm loan services by agricultural financial institutions is needed. In addition, it is necessary to adjust the planting time and cultivation method, provide timely information related to climate change, and provide crop variety improvement services to farmers.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.170-178
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• 2016

농업부문의 기후변화 적응은 농작물의 생육과 수량에 미치는 기후변화 영향의 정량평가로부터 시작된다. 이를 위한 조건으로서 작물모형 외에 과거-미래 간 이음새 없는 기후자료가 필요하지만, 기후시나리오에서 산출된 과거 기간의 자료는 실측 기후와 차이가 난다. 이것을 보정 없이 작물모형 구동에 사용한다면 농작물의 생육과 수량예측이 현실과 동떨어진 것이 되어 모의결과를 바탕으로 마련된 적응대책은 실효성이 낮아진다. 또한 동일한 기후시나리오를 사용자에 따라 서로 다른 시공간적 상세화 작업이나 기후모델의 편의보정을 위한 후처리 작업을 수행한다면 작물모형 구동결과는 달라질 수 있다. 농업부문에서 불확실성을 최소화한 영향평가결과를 도출하기 위해서는 먼저 최종 사용자의 목적에 적합한 공간적 및 시간적 규모를 설정하는 일이다. 나아가 과거기후의 재현성을 포함한 시나리오기후의 불확실성을 정확히 파악하여 영향평가결과의 불확실성을 정량적으로 제시할 수 있어야 한다. 이 논문에서는 기후시나리오의 농업분야 활용과정에서 발생할 수 있는 불확실성을 요인별로 추적하고, 이를 줄이기 위한 자료처리기법을 소개하며, 연구목적에 따른 최적 시나리오 자료를 추천함으로써 기후변화 적응을 위한 기초정보를 제공하고자 하였다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2015

In 2014, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agreed to submit the Intended Nationality Determined Contributions (INDCs) at the conference of parties held in Lima, Peru. Then, the South Korean government submitted the INDCs including GHGs reduction target and reduction potential on July, 2015. The goal of this study is to predict GHGs emission and to analyze reduction potential in agricultural sector of Korea. Activity data to estimate GHGs emission was forecast by Korea Agricultural Simulation Model (KASMO) of Korea Rural Economic Institute and estimate methodology was taken by the IPCC and guideline for MRV (Measurement, Reporting and Verification) of national greenhouse gases statistics of Korea. The predicted GHGs emission of agricultural sectors from 2021 to 2030 tended to decrease due to decline in crop production and its gap was less after 2025. Increasing livestock numbers such as sheep, horses, swine, and ducks did not show signigicant impact the total GHGs emission. On a analysis of the reduction potential, GHGs emission was expected to reduce $253Gg\;CO_{2-eq}$. by 2030 with increase of mid-season water drainage area up to 95% of total rice cultivation area. The GHGs reduction potential with intermittent drainage technology applied to 10% of the tatal paddy field area, mid-drainage and no organic matter would be $92Gg\;CO_{2-eq}$. by 2030.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.7-23
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• 2015

Women are more disadvantaged than men in many fronts and this confines them to informal sector livelihood activities. Any attempt to improve women's economic status will require information on the organization, cost and returns to investment in the livelihood activities in which they predominate. This is the issue for this study which compared yield performance in artisanal fishing and fresh fish marketing. Primary data collected through multi-stage sampling method were analyzed using inferential statistics, budgeting and regression models. Empirical findings revealed that about 75.0% of fisher folks either had no formal education or acquired only primary school education while 50.0% of marketers had secondary school education. The budgeting model revealed fisher-folks' and marketers' annual net profit to be N2,882,626.00 and N640,227.00, respectively. Profit from fishing was significantly higher than that of fish marketing. At 53.2% for fishing and 40.3% for marketing, returns to investment was better in fishing. Regression model results showed the significant factors influencing returns to each livelihood strategy to include fishing ground, distance covered and years of experience. The major constraint faced by operators of both livelihoods groups was insufficient credit. Despite this, the livelihood strategies were shown to be profitable ventures which contributed to households' consumption expenditure. Organizing women informal sector operators into groups to enhance access to government support and formal credit are recommended for improving livelihood strategy performance.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1993

Ring Sector Plate Supported by Elastic Beam Although all the reinforced concrete circular ring sector plates are elastically supported, it is conventional to simplify their supporting conditions as fixed or simply-supported ones assuming that their supporting beam has infinite stiffness. However, in order to obtain a precise solution, it should be required to consider the stiffness of their supporting beam. As a methodological improvement to the precise analysis, "Reinforced Concrete Model" previously developed by the author was applied to the structural analysis of the reinforced concrete circular ring sector plates with elastically supported beam. The results of analysis in the cases under various conditions of open angle, steel ratio, relative stiffness(EI/DL) between plate and supporting beam were summarized as follows ; 1.Although the effect of relative stiffness between plate and supporting beam varies depending on the magnitude of open angle, in general, it shows the largest when not more than 5.0 and negligible when not less than 10.0. Therefore, it would be considered as fixed supporting condition :in the case of its open angle of 0$^{\circ}$rectangular plates), its stiffness ratio being not less than 10.0 and in the other case of its open angle of 30$^{\circ}$, its stiffness ratio being not less than 5.0. 2.In the rectangular plates, the effect of steel ratio is considerable in no supporting condition, but neglible in the supporting condition. So, the effect of steel ratio should be negligible in the case of the elastically supported circular ring sector plates. 3.However, the effect of steel ratio is much more considerable in the case of the fixed supported circular plates, especially, when steel ratio being not more than 1.0% and stiffness ratio being smaller. So, the effect of steel ratio should be considered in the analysis of reinforced concreate circular ring sector plates with fixed conditions. 4.The effect of open angle is greater in the case of without-supporting beam conditions. However, in the other case of with-supporting beam conditions, the effect is a little bit when open angle of not more than 300 and negligible when open angle of not more than 30$^{\circ}$.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2021

The study aims to investigate the effect on Philippine occupational choice of House Bill No.7787, also known as the National Wage Law, which was filled by the Philippine Congress that mandates the implementation of an across the board minimum daily wage of Php750.00 to all workers in the Philippines. This study had used the Computable General Equilibrium-Top-Down Behavioral Microsimulation approach to determine the effect of National Wage Law on occupational choice. The results of the study revealed that the implementation of said National Wage Law would affect the distribution of labor force across occupational classification such as wage workers, entrepreneurial farming activities workers, and entrepreneurial non-farming activities workers. This has resulted from a higher utility that will be derived from the wage working sector once the National Wage Law will be implemented. Further, among regions in the Philippines, the Calabarzon, National Capital Region, and Central Luzon had recorded the highest number of workers who prefer the wage income sector. The findings of the study also suggest that the Philippine agricultural sector will be greatly affected by the National Wage Law due to the preference of workers to shift from the entrepreneurial farming sector to belong to the wage sector.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.209-223
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Korea agricultural productions and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions based on Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Design/methodology/approach - This study utilized time series data of economic growth, greenhouse gas, agricultural productions, trade dependency, and energy usages. In order to econometric procedure of EKC hypothesis, this study utilized unit root test and cointegration test to check staionarity of each variable and also adopted Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to analyze the short and long run relationships. Findings - In the short run, greenhouse gas emissions resulting from economic growth show an inverse U-shape relationship, and an increase in agricultural production and energy consumption led to increase in greenhouse gas emission. In the long run, total GHG emissions and CO2 emissions show an N-shaped relationship with economic growth, and an increase in agricultural production has resulted in a decrease in total GHG and CO2 emissions. However, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions showed an inverse U-shape relationship with economic growth, which indicated the environment and production process of agricultural production. Research implications or Originality - Korea agricultural production has different effects on the GHG emission sources, and in particular, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions show to increase as the agricultural production expansions, so policy or technological development in related sector is required. Especially, in the context of the 2030 GHG reduction road-map, if GHG-related reduction technologies or policies are spread, national GHG emission reduction targets can be achieved and this is possible to predict the decline in production in the sector and damage to the related industries.