• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.200-229
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of youth job policy measures, set forth in Korea's 2016-2020 Third Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Aging Society (December 2015), on marriage and fertility among young people. Based on the results, we provide theoretical explanations for the findings and suggest policy alternatives to overcome the low fertility phenomenon in Korea. Previous studies have shown that employment is an important factor for marriage among youth, and a job policy could increase marriage and fertility rates. To test this assumption, we performed an exact matching between Statistics Korea's Employee-Enterprise Linkage DB and the Newlyweds DB from 2011 to 2019, in order to identify all young people aged 15-34. Then, linear spline regression analysis was used to examine the impact of the youth job policy on marriage and fertility. Comparing the period before the implementation of the employment policy (2011-2015) and after (2016-2019), the fertility rate increased as the number of young people looking for work increased. In addition, it was found that these impacts were greater after the implementation of the measures (2016-2019) than before (2011-2015). It is interesting to note that job growth among young people did not lead to an increase in marriage. However, the number of births significantly increased when young people who occupy jobs got married, which seems to be related to the delay in marriage among young people who are employed. Survey results about the intentions to marry and views on fertility are utilized for the explanation of the study results.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2020

Due to urbanization and industrialization, the population of rural areas has sharply decreased, and the social phenomena of low fertility and aging have occurred due to many factors such as the spread of individualism and single-person households derived from urbanization and economic growth. In order to cope with the low birth rate and the aged society, the Korean government has invested 152.1 trillion won from 2006 to 2015 and to proceeded total 231 projects in 3 different areas including the low fertility(95 projects), the aged society(78 projects), and the growth momentum(58 projects). Among the social problems caused by the low birth rate and the aged society, there have been not enough studies on the closed schools which will result from the social phenomenon of decreases in the school age population. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current extent of utilizing closed schools in Korea, to derive some types based on the analysis, and to provide basic data on the use of closed schools in Korea in the future. The types of closed schools can be classified into education facilities, social welfare facilities, cultural facilities, public sports facilities, income growing facilities, and others. Based on the classification, the analyses of the characteristics of each type for the facilities are presented.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.138-141
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to diagnose the fertility of a female western lowland gorilla kept in Seoul Zoo, in accordance with age by analyzing the fecal sex hormone metabolites. The study was conducted in two period of times, when the animal was from 35 to 37 years old and when the animal was from 40 to 42 years old. Non-invasive method by using fecal samples was used for safe and efficient fertility diagnosis. We collected the feces from the enclosure at least three times a week. Then $17{\beta}$-estradiol and progesterone, which are fecal sex hormone metabolites, were measured by time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay to compare the menstruation cycle and the annual reproductive cycle. For the duration of the primary study (when the animal was 35~37 years old), irregular menstruation and high concentrations of estradiol and progesterone were observed. However, menstruation was hardly observed and the concentrations of both hormones were statistically very low in the period of secondary study (when the animal was 40~42 years old). This observed phenomenon in our study was very comparable to menopause in adult women; therefore, it was confirmed that our female gorilla has reached menopause because of the natural aging, as they become older.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2019

본 연구는 오늘날 대한민국 사회가 당면한 가장 심각한 문제인 고령화와 저출산 현상에 의한 미래 주거문화 계획에 관한 기초연구수행을 목표로 한다. 향후 주거문화는 핵가족화 현상과 1인 주거민의 증가로 오늘날 아파트로 대표되는 집합 주거형태가 아닌 여러 구성원을 가진 세대가 공존할 수 있는 '융합 집합주거문화'로 진전될 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 우리나라의 집합주거문화의 기초연구로서 오늘날 집합주거문화가 서구사회에서 수입되어 온 것이 아니라 우리나라에서도 일제강점기 당시 우리나라 최초의 부동산개발업자 정세권에 의해 한국형 집합주거문화가 이미 존재했음을 도시적 그리고 건축학적 관점에서 분석하였다. 20세기 초반에 정세권이 계획한 개량한옥은 기존의 한옥의 단점을 보완하며 한옥의 표준화와 같은 한옥의 물리적인 측면의 현대화의 가치도 있지만, 한옥 내부공간의 현대화는 한국형 집합주거문화의 시초라는 관점에서 큰 의의가 있다. 본 연구가 수행한 정세권의 개량한옥 주거단지는 향후 우리사회에 필요한 한국형 융합 집합주거 문화 계획에 있어 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2015

최근 한국에서 저출산, 핵가족화, 1인 가족 증가 등의 사회적 병리 현상과 더불어 고령화가 급속히 진행되고 있다. 한국의 고령화 추이는 일본의 고령화 추이와 유사하게 나타나고 있어, 향후 더 심화된 고령화가 나타날 것으로 보인다. 그러나 한국은 아직 고령화 문제에 대한 연구가 매우 부족하여 향후 고령화가 급속도로 진행시 많은 문제가 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 이에 고령화에 대해 대비하고 있는 일본의 장례문화 중 한국의 장례에 도입할 수 있는 적합한 문화를 비교하여 고령화에 맞춰 대비할 필요가 있다. 일본의 고령화에 따라 나타나는 장례문화는 슈카츠(終活), 직장(直葬), 가족장(家族葬) 등이 있다. 이 중, 핵가족화 및 1인 가족 증가 등에 따른 소규모 장례문화가 확산될 것으로 예상되어 일본의 '가족장(家族葬)'이 한국에 도입하기에 적합할 것으로 보인다. 급속히 고령화되어가는 한국 사회와 고령화에 따른 변화된 장례문화의 제시는 필수적이며, '가족장(家族葬)' 제도의 도입은 향후 발생할 한국 내의 고령화에 따른 장례문화를 선도하는데 중요한 지침이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2023

This study aims to provide implications for Korea's efficient application policies for closed schools by identifying the current status of how closed schools are revitalized in Japan and their supportive measures. In Japan, a total of 2,215 schools have closed from 1992 to 2001, and 8,580 schools from 2002 to 2020, with 10,709 closures occurring from 1992 to 2020. The average number is about 369 per year. In terms of the overall trend, the number of closed schools have been put into use and the numbers have increased from 70% in 2013 to 74% in 2020. To summarize the characteristics of the use, first, there is a complex phenomenon in which the use of closed schools are becoming more diverse. Second, closed schools are most often revitalized as educational facilities for residents, followed by social sports facilities, social education facilities and cultural facilities. Third, the use of closed schools in the industries are increasing as they are used as "corporal facilities and start-up support facilities". In order to promote the use of closed schools, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan promoted the simplification and elasticity of property disposal procedures in 2008. Since 2010, the disclosure of information on closed facilities and matching service between providers and users have been unified through the "Let's Connect to the Future ~ Closed School for All" project. The Cabinet Office including the four offices, and five central governments are advocating the use of closed schools by promoting subsidy support projects.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.53-80
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate individual awareness variables influencing emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions of unmarried men and women. Independent variables were values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, perceptions and availabilities of marriage-related policies, views on the marriageable age, psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by significant people, and views on parents' support for marriage fund. Method: 553 unmarried men and women in Daegu, Korea were surveyed, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA), multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS 22.0. Results: First, this study was more exploratory and in-depth approach to marriage intentions than precedent studies. The sub factors of marriage intentions were emotional, normative, and functional marriage ones. Second, emotional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage personally or by friends influenced emotional marriage intention. Third, normative marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, religion, occupational status, employment condition, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perception to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, view on the marriageable age, availabilities of marriage-related information offering policies, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by mother influenced normative marriage intention. Fourth, functional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, job, parents' support for marriage fund, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, functional marriage intention was influenced by values of offspring, perception about unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Finally, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that individual awareness variables influenced on marriage intentions. Especially, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried, and attitudes toward multiple role planning influenced on emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions in common. Conclusions: The findings from these analyses suggest that the selective process based on the individual awareness has become very significant to having marriage intentions. Therefore, this study will contribute as the basic data on national marriage-related policies. Furthermore, this study will be able to use to think about the marriage intention as a task to be preceded by the national policy in order to prepare for Korea 's low fertility and aging phenomenon.