• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.280-292
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• 2012

Cognitive-pragmatic language ability decreases during the normal aging process. Evaluating the ability might be useful in testing predicting cognitive level and diseases such as dementia. The aim of this study is to analyze various assessment protocols for normal aging, and evaluate the content validity of the currently developing cognitive-pragmatic language test domains and items. Content Validity Index(CVI) was calculated based on ratings judged by 17 experts including speech-language pathologists and clinical psychologists. As a result, it was found that CVIs of all 7 domains including attention, memory, organization, reasoning, problem solving, executive function, pragmatic language were above .75. It was concluded that the test items contained the appropriate content validity to assess cognitive-pragmatic language for normal aging.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2003

A series of laboratory tests, which can show how different curing conditions influence an aging effect on clay, were carried out for the clay samples collected in the area of Kwangyang Bay and Mokpo. Clay samples were remolded and reconsolidated under three different curing temperatures (20, 50, and 80 degree Celsius) and low different curing durations (1, 7, 14, and 40 days). To find out an aging effect and geotechnical characteristics between undisturbed samples and reconsolidated samples, laboratory tests, consisting of uniaxial compression tests, CU triaxial test, and consolidation tests, were preformed. Results showed that the compression index ratio is very useful factor to indicate the aging effect of natural clays. Also geotechnical characteristics of clays reconsolidated at high temperature were very similar to those of undisturbed clays. Finally, curing temperature and curing duration influenced an aging effect on clays. The best curing condition was 80 degree Celsius and 27 days.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.202-209
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• 2001

As a part of stringent emission regulations, OBD on a converter is requested by EU and CARB. It demands that MIL is light-on to inform the failure to the driver when the converter is failed in its function. Usually dual oxygen sensor method is used for converter OBD. For this, detail methods, like amplitude ratio, time delay and frequency ratio methods are adapted for vehicle application. Actually, the cars produced later than MY94 for US market are using one of these methods. In this study, OSCs of converters are investigated with an absolute measuring method. The converters are aged with a furnace aging, an engine bench aging and vehicle aging method to represent various aging condition in field applications. An OBD index that is used for TLEVs regulation is also investigated to find a relation between two parameters. The relations of these parameters with THC emission on vehicle are evaluated.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among psychosocial stress, memory, and successful aging of the community-residing elderly. Methods: 152 people over 65 years old living in D area were interviewed, from August 1st, 2020 to October 30th, 2020. The outcomes were measured by Psychosocial Well-being Index (PWI), Mini-Memory Test (MiMeT) and successful aging. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: There was a positive correlation between successful aging and memory. There was a negative correlation between psychosocial stress and successful aging, and between psychosocial stress and memory. Psychosocial stress was identified as a predictor of successful aging, which explained 26.4% of total variance of successful aging. Conclusions: When we prepare intervention programs which improve successful aging for community-residing older adults, we need to consider psychosocial stress. In addition, stress management programs for successful aging should be developed to improve current successful aging.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.308-328
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• 2010

As the older adult period $({\geq}65y)$ is increasing, it is needed to investigate the trend of aging-dependent anthropomeric index and nutrient intake, and establish the more specific dietary guide for the different stages of aging period. To find the difference in nutrient intake among the Koreans aged 50-64, 65-74 and 75 years and older, and also any characteristics of dwellers in longevity area, we recruited 1,083 subjects (385 male and 698 female) aged 50-95 years (mean age, 71.3 yrs) living in Kugoksoondam area (Kurye, Goksung, Soonchang and Damyang counties), known as a longevity-belt region in Jeonlaprovince, Korea. We measured some anthropometric index and collected 2 day-dietary record. Nutrient intakes were analyzed by using DW24 program. The mean height and weight of subjects aged 75 years and older were lower than Korean national reference. BMI and obesity $({\geq}25kg/m^2)$ prevalence were significantly decreasing with aging. Underweight $(BMI<18.5kg/m^2)$ prevalence was also increasing with aging, especially in males, and it was slightly higher than national average, but similar to that in some other rural area. Obesity prevalence of male subjects was lower compared to national prevalence, but abdominal obesity prevalence $(waist{\geq}80cm)$ was very high in females (about 89%). In both genders, the average proportional contribution of carbohydrate, protein and fat to energy intake was not different between 65-74 years and 75 years and older. On overall, nutrient intake and quality of diet of females were inferior to those of males so that many of females aged 75 years and older assumed to be at risk of malnourished status. Fiber, folate and vitamin E intakes were substantially higher compared to those in 2007 KNHNES and other some studies in rural area. While almost nutrient %EAR was significantly decreased with aging in females, there was no significant difference in %EAR for protein, vitamin A, $B_1$, $B_6$, $B_{12}$, niacin, Ca and Zn between 65-74 years and 75 years and older in males. Vitamin $B_2$ for male aged 50-64 years, vitamin $B_2$ and Ca for male aged 65 years and over and female aged 50-74 years, and vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C, Ca and folate intake for female aged 75 years and older were assessed to be at risk to undernutrition based on the prevalence of intake below EAR. MAR of 13 nutrients and the number of nutrients consuming below EAR were significantly decreasing with aging in both genders, however, the number of nutrients of INQ < 1 and the average mini-nutritional assessment score were not significantly different between 65-74 years and 75 years and older. Taken together, decreasing tendency of nutrients intake and the quality of diet with aging was more evident in females than in males, and it is unique that our subjects consumed substantially higher fiber, folate and vitamin E compared to not only urban but also some other rural areas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze and diagnose the actual state of extinction risk in rural villages by analyzing time series population characteristics and extinction risk index of rural villages(Haengjeong-ri). As a research method, a time series analysis was performed on the 'population over 65' and the 'female population aged 20 to 39' related to the local extinction index. In addition, the disappearance of Haengjeong-ri village was analyzed using the existing local extinction index. For the study, Haengjeong-ri village-level GIS spatial data was constructed, and population attribute data in 2010, 2015, and 2020 were constructed. In order to derive implications, the change of the 'high risk of extinction 'village in the 2020 local extinction index, the distribution of the population of 'high risk of extinction' villages by three years, the population analysis of 'high risk of extinction' villages continuously from 2010 to 2020, and 'high risk of extinction' An analysis of the increase and decrease of the population of the village and the change of the local extinction index of Haengjeong-ri, where the city, county, and towns are located were analyzed. As a result of the analysis of this study, it was found that the number of villages with an aging of more than 50% increased by 2 to 3 times over 10 years. As a result of the analysis of the local extinction index, in 2010, the southwestern and central regions of South Chungcheongnam-do were high-risk extinction areas, but in 2020, all cities except Cheonan and Asan were converted to high risk extinction areas. Research has shown that Chungnam is facing a serious aging and village extinction crisis, and since the disappearance of villages gradually spreads, an initial response policy is needed. This result will be the same not only in Chungcheongnam-do but also in other rural villages. Therefore, in the case of rural villages, it is necessary to analyze and diagnose the Haengjeong-ri village unit, not the Eup-Myeon unit, and a response policy through diagnosis must be prepared urgently.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aging and dual tasking to the postural control during quiet standing. It was hypothesized that the center of pressure (COP) dynamics would be differently affected by aging and characteristics of the task. Total 60 adults (35 young adults and 25 older adults) participated in this study. They conducted two different standing tasks (dual vs. Nondual) twice in a random order. Variability, complexity, coupling and symmetric index from the left, right and overall COPs were measured by various parameters in nonlinear, linear and frequency analyses methods. Results demonstrated that older adults had worse performance in postural control with decreased complexity in overall sway movement, and increased coupling between left and right limb COP movement, even though there was no significant difference in symmetric index. These tendencies are generally clearer in nonlinear measures at the dual task condition. Results implied that older adults had compensatory strategy in dual tasking which results in simple and combined postural movement patterns.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.177-185
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• 2021

Background: Muscle undergoes change continuously with aging. Sarcopenia, in which muscle mass decrease with aging, is associated with various diseases, the risk of falling, and the deterioration of quality of life. Obesity and sarcopenia also have a synergy effect on the disease of the older adults. Objects: This study examined the risk factors for sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and sarcopenia without obesity and developed prediction models. Methods: This machine-learning study used the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in the analysis. After data curation, 5,563 older participants were selected, of whom 1,169 had sarcopenia, 538 had sarcopenic obesity, and 631 had sarcopenia without obesity; the remaining 4,394 were normal. Decision tree and random forest models were used to identify risk factors. Results: The risk factors for sarcopenia chosen by both methods were body mass index (BMI) and duration of moderate physical activity; those for sarcopenic obesity were sex, BMI, and duration of moderate physical activity; and those for sarcopenia without obesity were BMI and sex. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of all prediction models exceeded 0.75. BMI could predict sarcopenia-related disease. Conclusion: Risk factors for sarcopenia-related diseases should be identified and programs for sarcopenia-related disease prevention should be developed. Data-mining research using population data should be conducted to enhance the effectiveness of early treatment for people with sarcopenia-related diseases through predictive models.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

The health state of the oil transformer is evaluated by the age of use and the state of internal defects. Mineral Oil, used as an insulator for oil transformers, creates specific gases and compounds through chemical reactions caused by heat, moisture, and partial discharge inside the transformer. It is possible to determine the aging and defect of the transformer through these gases and compounds. So, it is an important indicator to evaluate the health of a transformer. In this study, factors for assessing the health of transformers were hierarchically categorized, and key factors for each hierarchy were selected for design weighting. These weights were determined through surveys conducted with experts in the fields of transformer design, operation, and quality. For the health of a transformer, defect-related factors are approximately three times more important than factors related to aging. Additionally, defect-related factors showed a higher weighting for gases generated at high temperatures. Furthermore, Furan was determined to have a high weight, directly associated with insulating paper aging. Based on these findings, a health index was proposed, and a comparative analysis was conducted by categorizing 40 operational transformers into normal and comparison groups to evaluate and validate it.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.88-95
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• 2015

The accelerated thermal aging of CSPE(Chloro Sulfonate Polyethylene) was carried out for 40.41, 121.22, 202.04 days, 16.82, 50.45, 84.09 days and 7.32, 21.96, 36.59 days at 100, 110, and $120^{\circ}C$, respectively, which are equivalent to 20, 60, 100 years of aging at $50^{\circ}C$. The permittivities and the apparent densities of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples are increased with accelerated thermal aging year but EAB(Elongation at Break) is decreased with that. The dielectric strength and the electric breakdown of the non-accelerated and accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples do not depend on accelerated thermal aging year and applied voltage rising time. density and EAB measures.