• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.510-519
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• 2019

The effect of combined electron-beam irradiation and aging temperature of pork on microbiological and physicochemical properties was investigated. The samples from pork shoulder were irradiated with 0 or 2 kGy, vacuum-packaged, and assigned randomly to an aging temperature ($2^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, or $25^{\circ}C$) during 8 d. On 4 d of aging at $25^{\circ}C$, total aerobic bacteria of non-irradiated ones reached 7 Log CFU/g which is no salable levels. Shear force values of irradiated meat after aging for 2 and 4 d at $25^{\circ}C$ was lower than those aged at $2^{\circ}C$. Irradiated samples at $2^{\circ}C$ had lower cooking loss after 2 and 8 d of aging, compared with other aging temperatures. Irradiation did not accelerate 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value when aged up to 4 d. Irradiated samples aged at $10^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ for 8 d scored significantly higher TBARS values. With an increased aging period, $a^*$ and $b^*$ in irradiated samples at $2^{\circ}C$ slightly increased, but irradiation caused negligible changes in meat color. The highest contents of a desirable nucleotide flavor compounds (inosine-5-phosphate) were observed in pork at $2^{\circ}C$ when aged for 4 and 8 d, while the lowest contents were observed at $25^{\circ}C$. Aging in irradiated pork for 8 d at $2^{\circ}C$ resulted in optimal condition with improved meat quality and minimal microbiologically negative defect.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.158-161
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• 2017

This study investigated the quality change in dry aged beef cattle loins (temperature: $3{\pm}1$, lative humidity: $75{\pm}5%$, period: 14 days), compared to non-aged beef cattle loins (control). The water content of dry aged loins was lower than that of the control (p<0.001). The fat content, protein content, pH value, and redness in dry aged loins were higher than in the control. Moreover, dry aging significantly improved the water holding capacity and cooking yield of beef cattle loin (p<0.001). The shear force of dry aged loins was significantly lower than in the control (p<0.01). The flavor, tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptability of dry aged loins were higher than in the control according to sensory evaluation. Therefore, dry aging can improve the quality properties of beef cattle loins.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.60-66
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• 2004

Hardness value decreased about 3% for annealed specimens and increased about 60% for one hour aged specimens. But the values of the other specimens aged two hours or more showed almost the same. The yield strength was the highest about 1,800㎫ in 0.06%Nb specimen having twice as much as the base meta1 specimen. Also, the elongation was the highest in 0.03%Nb specimen showing the same as base metal specimen. The higher aging temperature and the longer aging time, the higher fatigue life. On the other hand, the 0.03%Nb specimen showed the highest fatigue life which increased about 12% more than base metal specime. 0.06%Nb specimen aged at 482$^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours simultaneously satisfied the 250 grade strength and 200 grade elongation having the most superior mechanical properties.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.155-161
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• 2004

The average life span is expanded due to the development of modem society, material and cultural life and increasing level of public health. This means that the aging society is rapidly progressing. Geniatric diseases also have increased due to increasing of the aged population. Along with an increase of the aged patient, the anti-aging, prevention of geniatric disease and quality of life is tending high on social concern and medical issues. Many reports showed the evidence to the positive anti-aging effect of Oriental medicine. Qigong therapy, a kind of Oriental medicine, has been used to prevent aging and life prolongation with positive effect for many thousand years. Therefore, qigong practice is popular and common to middle age and old age in China.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3275-3283
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is to verify and analyze the influencing factors of successful aging with social support, self-efficacy, community environment and subjective health status on middle and old aged men. Methods: The survey was performed to the men between the ages of 50 and 79 in Seoul and Kyunggi province, Korea. 144 questionnaires were collected and analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify significant predictors of successful aging. Results: The most influencing factor for successful aging was social support, the second was self-efficacy, the third and the fourth was community environment and subjective health status. This regression model explained 56.7% of the variance in successful aging. Conclusion: The result shows that these variables should be considered in intervention and program of successful aging for middle and old aged men. It can be an important consideration in enhancing promoting care and welfare for the successful aging.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.91-99
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• 2018

This research was conducted to examine successful aging and influencing factors in middle aged women. Data were collected from 189 middle-aged women in two cities. Data were collected from July to August 2017 using structured questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that the perception of successful aging mean was 128.49 points (range: 33-165). Depression (r=-.20, p=.005) had a significant negative association with perception of successful aging. Family resilience (r=.49, p<.001) and life satisfaction (r=.54, p<.001) were positively correlated with perception of successful aging. The significant predictors of successful aging were age (${\ss}=-.15$, p=.013), family resilience (${\ss}=.24$, p=.002), and life satisfaction (${\ss}=.37$, p<.001), explaining 33.9% of the variance. Based on the study results, we suggest that it is necessary to develop and apply educational strategy to improve perception of successful aging.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2013

In mammal, unfertilized oocytes remain in the oviduct or under in vitro culture, which is called "oocyte aging". This asynchrony negatively affects fertilization in pre- and post-implantation embryo development. Caffeine a phosphodiesterase inhibitor is known to rescue oocyte aging in several species. The objective of this study is to determine the cytoskeleton distribution in aged oocytes and the embryo developmental ability of aged oocytes in the present or absence of caffeine during maturation. Caffeine treatment increased the incidence of normal spindle assembly of aged oocytes (treatment, $67.57{\pm}4.11%$ aging, $44.61{\pm}6.4%$) and no significant differences compared to control group. Fluorescence values were compared using ROS (Reactive oxidation species) stain. Fluorescence values appear of control group intensity rate ($51.53.{\pm}3.80$), aging group ($68.10{\pm}5.54$) and treatment of caffeine ($45.04{\pm}2.98$). Aged oocytes that were derived from addition of caffeine to the IVM (in vitro maturation) medium had significantly increased 2-cell that developed to the blastocyst stage compared to the aging group. Blastocysts, derived from caffeine treatment group, significantly increased the total cell number compare aging ($90.44{\pm}10.18$ VS $67.88{\pm}7.72$). Apoptotic fragments of genomic DNA were measured in individual embryo using TUNEL assay. Blastocyst derived from caffeine treatment group decreased significantly the apoptotic index compared to blastocyst derived from aging group. In conclusion, we inferred that the caffeine treatment during oocyte aging can improve the developmental rate and quality in bovine embryos developing in vitro.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 2007

This study was carried out for evaluating correlation of aging level and deformation resistance of asphalt mixtures conditioned by artificial aging treatment. The specimens were made of the short-term aged loose asphalt mixture which was kept in a convection oven at $154^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours, and then were artificially aged at $110^{\circ}C$ for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours for long-term aging. Deformation strength ($S_D$) and large molecular size ratio (LMS(%)) were measured after short-term and each long-term aging treatment to evaluate aging extents of each mixture with aging time using GPC(Gel-permeation chromatograph) test. It is shown that the $S_D$ and LMS(%) were increased with aging time increment, and that LMS(%) quantity and $S_D$ have relatively good correlation each other. This study found that the aged asphalt mixture had better resistance against rutting and it was possible to estimate rutting characteristics of asphalt mixtures by using LMS(%) without a binder recovery.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.105-108
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• 2018

Beef was dry aged for 40-60 days under controlled environmental conditions in a refrigerated room with a relative humidity of 75%-80% and air-flow. To date, there is little information on the microbial diversity and characteristics of dry aged beef. In this study, we explored the effect of change in meat microorganisms on dry aged beef. Initially, the total bacteria and LAB were significantly increased for 50 days during all dry aging periods. There was an absence of representative foodborne pathogens as well as coliforms. Interestingly, fungi including yeast and mold that possess specific features were observed during the dry aging period. The 5.8S rRNA sequencing results showed that potentially harmful yeasts/molds (Candida sp., Cladosporium sp., Rhodotorula sp.) were present at the initial point of dry aging and they disappeared with increasing dry aging time. Interestingly, Penicillium camemberti and Debaryomyces hansenii used for cheese manufacturing were observed with an increase in the dry aging period. Taken together, our results showed that the change in microorganisms exerts an influence on the quality and safety of dry aged beef, and our study identified that fungi may play an important role in the palatability and flavor development of dry aged beef.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.569-577
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the effects of middle-aged women's social support and self-efficacy on their aging anxiety, with the ultimate goal of providing basic information for devising educational and interventive programs to help reduce aging anxiety. Participants of this study were 210 middle-aged women living in B Metropolitan City. Data were collected from May 10 to 28, 2018, and statistically processed using t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Participants showed significant differences in aging anxiety depending on age, education, monthly income, marital life satisfaction, leisure time activities, and number of friends. In addition, aging anxiety had significant negative correlations with social support and self-efficacy, and the main factors affecting middle-aged women's aging anxiety were found to be self-efficacy, marital satisfaction and social support. Of these, self-efficacy had the greatest effect, explaining 42.7% of the participants' aging anxiety. To help middle-aged women reduce their aging anxiety, it is necessary to provide them with programs that improve social activity participation, raise self-efficacy and promote relationships with family and communities. It is also recommended that these women be provided with educational and interventive programs that help them adjust to aging and develop a positive awareness of it.