• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.89-123
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• 2008

This study has the purpose to research on the actual conditions of discriminative treatment between regular and irregular work and find what kind of environment factors can effect on the job-satisfaction, organizational commitments. Especially, this study has addressed to improvement of conditions for irregular work and researched the difference factors between regular and irregular workers's job-satisfaction, organizational commitment, and employment - environmental. For the data collection, a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed for survey, 195 responses were available for statistical analysis. This questionnaires were sent to the distribution companies that has a variety type of employment as regular and irregular worker in Seoul province by e-mail and direct way. And SPSS 12.0(ver.) was used to analyze the data. The main results were as the following; First, the human relationship and the normative commitment were statistically different between regular and irregular work in the part of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Second, income were important to improve the satisfaction of job environment and personnel policy and the normative commitment. Corporation welfare were important for the satisfaction of human relationship, job environment and personnel policy, normative commitment affective commitment and continuous commitment. Stability of employment were important to improve the satisfaction of human relationship and job environment, normative commitment and affective commitment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.105-119
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of demographic, personal and psychosocial variables on the wives' marital satisfaction in order to develop theories about the stablility of modern families. The data, collected from 490 mothers living in Seoul, is analyzed by statistical methods, such as Frequency Distribution, Pearson's Correlation, One-Way ANOVA, Scheffee-test and Multiple Regression Analysis. The major findings are as follows: 1) In my study, the Marital Satisfaction Scale consists of 7 dimensions; of which affective communication, problem-solving communication, and companionship are comparatively important variables. 2) Of demographic variables, wives' educational level is an influencing variable in 6 dimensions, and family monthly income, in general satisfaction. 3) Of personal variables, sex role attitude is a significantly influencing independent variable in satisfaction with children area and self actualization, variable in problem-solving communication area. 4) Of psychosocial variables, role enactment, role consensus, and role strain are proved to be influencing variables, but role salience is not. Also, role enactment is the most influencing independent variable in almost areas of marital satisfaction. 5) By given independent variables, variance is explained 30% of all. The implication that can be inferred from the above findings is that psychosocial variables are more important than demographic variables, and that personal variables such as androgyny, self-actualization should be encouraged to further research.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.228-242
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• 2020

In recent years, interest in the welfare of soldiers is increasing. More specifically, soldiers enlisted to fulfill their military service obligations live a group life that is controlled by group life, unlike military officers selected by their will. Therefore, this study aims to verify whether there is an effect of improving the morale of soldiers by increasing the satisfaction of military service meals along with the trend of increasing morale through enhancement of soldier welfare. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we surveyed 145 army soldiers working in the front and rear areas and used 137 valid samples for analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, both SERVQUAL (Responsiveness·Assurance, Tangibles) and Servicescape (Spatial Environment, Spatial Design) had a positive (+) effect on military meal satisfaction. Second, military service satisfaction and emotional commitment have a positive (+) effect on morale. Third, satisfaction with military meals has a positive effect on emotional commitment. This research has also shown that improvements in SERVQUAL (Responsiveness·Assurance, Tangibles) and Servicescape (Spatial Environment, Spatial Design) improve military service satisfaction and emotional engagement. Military food service SERVQUAL (Responsiveness·Assurance, Tangibles) and Servicescape (Spatial Environment, Space Design) must pay attention to increase military morale.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.57-72
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• 2019

Purpose - Current study aimed at investigating customer experience types (gain vs. loss avoidance performance experience and hedonic vs. reliability imagery experience) and their influences on satisfaction and positive emotion as antecedents of customer engagement. It also explored moderation role of regulatory focus in the influence of each experience type on satisfaction and positive emotion. Research design, data, and methodology - 416 Vietnamese local tourists were selected to test hypotheses by structural equation model in AMOS 21.0. Results - First, customers actually achieving gain or avoiding loss are more satisfied. Second, customers with hedonic and reliability imagery experience feel more positive emotion. Third, both positive emotion and satisfaction have positive influences on customer engagement. Last, regulatory focus moderates the positive effects of either gain or loss avoidance performance experience on satisfaction and also moderates the positive effects of either hedonic or reliability imagery experience on positive emotion. Conclusions - Focusing on both cognitive satisfaction and affective emotion resulted from experience, this study could advance customer engagement theory. Managerially, brand managers should induce gain performance and hedonic imagery experience (loss avoidance performance and reliability imagery experience) from promotion (prevention)-focused customers to enhance their engagement.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2023

Purpose: This research aims at determining institutional commitment impact and how it influences job satisfaction. It aims at bridging the gap in research on the study topic. Its major focus is on work content and institutional commitment as the main variables and how they impact companies and employees. Research design, data and methodology: The current research has chosen the literature content approach and it is a reporting guideline for methodical assessments. It offers a consistent approach for conducting and reporting these types of studies, which can help to improve the quality and transparency. Results: The finding of the current research has showed that workers in social companies need jobs with higher values and responsibilities, company policy, among other factors. Workers' organization commitment towards social enterprise for improving workers' job satisfaction factors will include affective commitment, continuous commitment, normative commitment, and the commitment profile of the organization. Conclusions: This research finally insists that the findings of the current research would aid in enhancing employee knowledge and understanding of work satisfaction, as well as the essence of institutional commitment. Most employees lack adequate knowledge of the implications of job satisfaction not forgetting their personal needs as indicated in the individual need model.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.49
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• pp.225-263
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• 2002

This study examined reasons for marital satisfaction among men and women, and explored how sources of marital satisfaction varied with gender. Data were drawn from a sell-administered questionnaire study in which 173 married people residing in Seoul participated. Although the majority of both men and women in this study were at least somewhat satisfied with their marital life, men were, on average, more satisfied with their marriage than were women. Content analysis of reasons for marital satisfaction, obtained through an open-ended question, revealed that both men and women mentioned most frequently as their sources of marital satisfaction in this order: spouse, family, and children. However, while a large proportion of men's reasons for satisfaction concerned spouse, particularly affective relationship with their spouses, women's reasons indicated more diverse sources of marital satisfaction, including spouse, family, children, stability of living and of economy. Analysis of specific reasons for satisfaction in each source revealed that marital satisfaction was intimately connected with one's experience of happiness, love, stability, harmony, and peace, and that respondents experienced such positive emotions, leading to marital satisfaction, not only through relationship with their spouses, but also through other sources, such as children, family members, and respondents themselves. Moreover, good personality and health of spouse, family members, and children were frequently cited as reasons for marital satisfaction, and these reasons were more common among women's responses. Based on these results, both universal and cultural characteristics of marital satisfaction were considered, and gender differences in satisfaction with marital life were discussed. Finally, implications for clinical social work practice from this study were provided.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.10-19
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• 2013

Recently, Korean universities have increased the number of English Medium Instruction (EMI) lectures in order to allow students to gain both specialized knowledge and enhanced English ability. Previous researches on effective EMI lectures have focused on exploring the effects of learners' cognitive and affective characteristics on learning outcomes. Whereas the input variables of learning have been investigated as predicting variables of effects in EMI lectures, there has been a few research for investigating process variables to yield learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationships among variables affecting on learner satisfaction and effects. The participants are 209 engineering students from various majors. Independent variables are defined as English motivation, English competency, and English confidence, a mediated variable is Cognitive engagement, and dependent variables are Learning satisfaction and Educational effect perception. The results show that the relationships are statistically significant: learners' English competency & English confidence ${\rightarrow}$ Cognitive engagement ${\rightarrow}$ Learning satisfaction ${\rightarrow}$ Educational effect perception. Especially, the structural model confirms that the effect of learners' English confidence on Learning satisfaction and Educational effect perception is mediated by the level of learners' Cognitive engagement. Further, the implication for effective EMI lectures is discussed based on the observed research results.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.135-147
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• 2020

This study explored students' online fashion studio class experiences, and investigated the factors affecting their class satisfaction. An online survey of college students who were enrolled in online studio classes within apparel and fashion-related departments during the spring of 2020 was conducted in June 2020. Responses from a total of 213 participants were included in the final data. Respondents rated lecture clips as the most useful, followed by teacher demonstration and feedback, PowerPoint (PPT) supplements, and Q&As. Frequently mentioned areas of improvement were online platform stability and video quality. Many respondents also stated that more streamlined teacher-student communication channels, immediate and meticulous teacher feedback, the adoption of course contents developed specifically for an online environment, and provisions for equipment usage would be desirable. Student satisfaction of an online fashion design studio class was significantly affected by teaching presence, social presence, online learning system stability, perceived usefulness of teacher's demonstration, and affective response toward COVID-19. Students satisfaction of an online garment construction studio class was significantly affected by teaching and social presence, online learning system stability, and perceived usefulness of teacher's demonstration. Based on these findings, we recommend developing teaching contents and methods that allow students to feel included in class and establish an online system with various functions to enhance the sense of social connection that can enable two-way communication.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.7-17
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• 2021

Purpose: Previous studies have rarely examined the role of higher education for human capital development in the case of Korea. The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of higher education for international students in globalized environment on job satisfaction, globalization, and hosting country. Research questions include the following: i) how do application and improvement on work, performance, self-confidence, and use of network affect job satisfaction; ii) how do leadership, policy improvement, public diplomacy, social responsibility and global competence affect globalization?; iii) how do affective, cognitive, and behavioral components affect attitude of hosting country? Research design, data, and methodology: Online survey and interviews were conducted. For quantitative research, this study applied factor and structural equational modeling, while for qualitative research, this study applied cognitive mapping and sentimental analysis. Results: This study found that most of proposed effects showed significant. The results showed consistent for quantitative and qualitative researches. Conclusions: The results implied that higher education in global environment plays a key role to enhance job satisfaction, globalization, and attitude toward the hosting country and contributes to foster international relations significantly. The results also implied that human capital development in globalized environment helps improve global network and public diplomacy.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 2016

People receive support from others to solve problems that are difficult to solve on their own. During service encounters, customers also receive help from other customers. Inter-customer helping is a type of Customer Citizenship Behavior (CCB), which has become more prevalent with increased use of self-service technologies (SSTs). However, not all helps are created equal. The current research investigates the effects of the two types of help, autonomy- and dependency-oriented help during service encounters. Autonomy-oriented help refers to a partial hint to the problem, whereas dependency-oriented help refers to the full solution to the problem. Through experimental studies, we provide evidence that depending on the types of help received during service encounters, customers show different levels of satisfaction toward the firm. The results from Studies 1A and 1B show that autonomy- (vs. dependency-) oriented help leads to higher customer satisfaction. In addition, the current research demonstrates the mechanism for such effect. The results from Study 2 show that the relationship between the types of help and customer satisfaction is mediated by instrumentality and anxiety, which represent cognitive and affective paths respectively.