• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.593-602
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• 2016

The physicochemical characteristics of particulate matter emissions from various vehicle's fuel types were studied at the facility of Transport Pollution Research Center(TPRC), National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Korea. Three different types of fuels such as gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and diesel were tested on the NIER driving mode and the constant speed modes(30, 70, and 110 km/h). Chemical composition of submicron particles from vehicle emissions was measured by the High Resolution Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) during running cycles. Organics were dominant chemical species of particulate matter emissions for all three different vehicles' fuel types. Moreover, regardless of fuel types, emission rate of organics and inorganics decreased as the average speed of vehicle increased. The portion of fully oxidized fragment families of $C_xH_yO_z$ accounted for over 98% of organic aerosol(OA) in LPG and diesel vehicles, while the relatively high fraction of $C_xH_y$ in OA was observed in gasoline vehicle.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.411-423
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• 2017

The spacial potential source contribution function (PSCF) method was utilized by considering topography and height of back trajectories based on the measurement of organic typo matter (OM), $NO_3{^-}$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, and $NH_4{^+}$ at the Baegryungdo Super Site ($37^{\circ}57^{\prime}N$, $124^{\circ}37^{\prime}E$, 135 m a.s.l. (above sea level)) for three selected periods (i.e., January~April, May~August, and September~December) in 2013. The PSCF were calculated on the contributions of trans-boundary transport to the hourly mean concentrations using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). The cluster analysis using back trajectories was performed to identify the major airflows to the sampling site. The upper atmosphere in the Tianjin area of China and the lower atmosphere in the western coast area of Korea can be the major source of trans-boundary pollution to the sampling site during January~April resulted from PSCF. The area in Lianyungang-city and Liaoning-sheng, China can be responsibile for the nitrogen related secondary compounds during May~August, and Shandong Peninsula in China is the major source area during September~December. In addition, relationships between the cluster analysis of back trajectories and PSCF were investigated for the statistically significance level for the source areas.

• 한국도시환경학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.485-494
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• 2018

2017년 겨울철 인천에서 미세먼지($PM_{1.0}$)의 화학적 성분과 산화특성을 파악하였다. 측정기간 대기오염물질 농도는 $PM_{10}$ $46{\pm}22{\mu}g/m^3$, $PM_{2.5}$ $29{\pm}18{\mu}g/m^3$, $SO_2$ 5(${\pm}3$) ppb, CO 0.56(${\pm}0.24$) ppm, $O_3$ 21(${\pm}13$) ppb, $NO_2$ 28(${\pm}17$) ppb이었다. $PM_{1.0}$ 화학적 성분은 organic 성분이 $3.2{\mu}g/m^3$, nitrate $1.9{\mu}g/m^3$로 주요성분으로 나타났다. 주간과 야간에서 대부분 야간에 높은 농도를 나타냈다. 측정기간 NOR(nitrate oxidation rate)은 0.06 이었고, SOR(sulfate oxidation rate)은 0.11이었다. 고농도기간, NOR은 0.6까지 증가하였으며, nitrate 성분도 증가하였다. $NOx/SO_2$ 비는 평균 8.7이었으며, nitrate/sulfate 비율은 평균 2.1로서 측정지점에 위치한 발전소, 산업 보일러를 포함한 고정오염원과 이동오염원인 자동차로부터 배출된 NOx가 기여요인으로 작용한 것으로 판단된다.