• 재무관리연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.213-226
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• 2005

역선택은 금융 산업에서 많이 연구되는 주제이다. 은행 대출 이자율에 대해서는 이자율과 역 선택의 관계에 대해서 공감을 형성하고 있지만, 신용카드 이자율에 있어서 이자율의 변화와 역선택이 발생하는 방향에 대해서 아직 논쟁 중이다. 그러므로 이 논문에서는 신용카드 이자율에 있어서 역선택이 어떻게 발생하는 지를 밝히고, 균형 이자율이 결정되는 과정을 보이려 한다. 신용카드 이용자들과 공급자 사이의 상호 작용이 이자율을 결정하게 되는 중요한 요소이다. 신용카드 이용자들은 거래수단으로서 혹은 자금 조달 수단으로 신용카드와 현금을 이용할 수 있는데, 단위 화폐가치당 소용 비용을 최소화하려는 선택을 하는 합리적인 소비자로 가정하고 있다. 반면에 신용카드 공급자들은 그들의 이익을 최대화하려는 노력을 기울이는데, 현금보다 신용카드가 널리 쓰일수록 유리하다. 이런 가정하에서 신용카드 이자율과 역선택의 관계를 이론적 모형을 통해서 분석하였고, 은행 대출 이자율에서 발생하는 역선택과 같은 역선택이 발생함을 보였다. 즉 증가하는 신용카드 이자율은 역선택을 유발하는 것이다.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제13권
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• pp.223-261
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• 1990

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1366-1385
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• 2018

최근 정부의 벤처기업 정책 지원은 창업 초기 중기의 벤처기업에 대한 R&D 지원에 초점을 두고 있다. 그러나 정보의 비대칭성 문제로 인한 역선택 가능성, 즉, 정부 R&D가 과연 성장 잠재력이 높은 창업 초기 중기 기업에게 지원되고 있는가에 대한 우려도 제기되고 있다. 특히 창업 중기는 죽음의 계곡으로 인해 벤처기업의 생존율이 크게 낮아지는 구간이기 때문에, 정책효과가 클 것으로 예상되는 우수 벤처기업을 선정하여 지원하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 2015년 벤처기업정밀실태조사 결과를 활용, 기술집약적 제조업 내 중기 벤처기업을 정부 R&D 지원 수혜기업(이하 수혜기업)과 비수혜 기업으로 나누고, 이들의 경영효율성 및 기술 재무성과를 비교하였다. 분석결과, 기술집약적 제조업 내 수혜기업은 비수혜 기업에 비해 경영효율성이 낮았으며, 이러한 경향은 중고위기술 제조업에서 더욱 크게 나타났다. 한편, 기술 및 재무성과 분석 결과, 수혜기업은 기술성은 우수하였으나, 성장성, 수익성, 안정성은 열위에 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 이러한 경향은 중고위기술 제조업 내 세부산업 전반에서 발견되었다. 이는 벤처기업에 대한 정부 R&D 지원 시, 역선택 문제가 우려됨을 시사한다. 따라서 향후 정부는 수혜기업 선정 시 경영효율성 및 재무성과를 중요 평가 기준으로 고려해야할 것이다. 또한 기술성이 뛰어난 기업의 경영효율성 및 재무성과를 제고하기 위한 정책과 함께, 경영효율성이 뛰어난 벤처기업을 정부 R&D 지원에 유인하기 위한 방법도 마련해야할 것이다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of the study was to analyze the difference in the importance and performance of the educational content of the community pharmacy practice and find the factors that influence it. Methods: A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire asked about the importance and performance of the pharmacy practice education items to community pharmacy preceptors, current students, and professors. Data were analyzed using Microsoft office 365 Excel and IBM SPSS 21.0. Results: A total of 117 people participated. The averages of importance and performance were 4.34±0.34 and 3.71±0.45, respectively. Except for the computational entry of prescriptions and medication history, the average score for the importance of all educational items was statistically significantly higher than the one for performance. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) identified over-the-counter medication counseling, over-the-counter drug selection consultation, pharmacy management, adverse drug reaction monitoring, and understanding and implementation of drug use evaluation as the items that needed focused effort. Borich's needs were highest in the adverse drug reaction monitoring. Conclusions: Overall, high importance and low performance indicate a need for improvement in community pharmacy practice education. Since the demand for education was high in over-the-counter medication counseling, adverse drug reaction monitoring, and OTC drug selection consultation, various supports are urgently needed to strengthen pharmacy practice education in this area in the future.

• 정보학연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2004

As increasing trade through the world, especially in food, asymmetry of information can make the trade shrink. With the industrial development, Korea's agriculture had shrunk dramatically. By the result of the nation's industrial restructuring, over than 3/4 of Korea food consumption comes from abroad. And China is an important source of agricultural product to Korea. Increasing family income and increasing importing food consumption, Korean consumers have been interested in food safety. Especially. after experiencing several cases like struggle for safety of GMO food, poultry influenza, lead contained Chinese fish import, mad cow disease, cheating origin, etc. Obviously, those unreliable cases will hinder the increase of world free trade as well as the trust of two countries. Furthermore, distrust will be a cause of adverse selection. So, it need to find a way to solve the distrust which caused by asymmetry of information. And automatic identification procedures can help mitigate asymmetry of information in trade. And it will make Korean consumers can avoid adverse selection. This paper suggests adoption of Auto ID to encourage agricultural trade between Korea and China.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.42-53
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• 2018

Purpose: this study investigates the effect of private health insurance on healthcare utilization. Methodology: For the analysis, we employed the three level nested two part model. Findings: the private health insurance adoption was associated with higher health care utilization. In particular, indemnity and fixed insurances adoption was associated with higher probability of outpatient visit, the number of outpatient visit and outpatient cost. While indemnity insurance adoption was associated with higher inpatient admission probability and inpatient days, fixed insurance adoption was associated only with higher inpatient admission probability. Practical Implications: indemnity and fixed insurance adoption were related with the adverse selection as well as moral hazard.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2013

Purpose - This study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention and the effects of consumers' attitudes and the reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention by using the theory of planned behavior. Subjective norms of variables of behavioral intention, attitudes toward behavior and control of the behavior were used to create selection criteria, consumers' attitudes and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products. The study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria, attitudes, and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention constructing models and hypotheses of mediation and moderation between selection criteria for agricultural products and purchase intention by consumers' attitudes and reliability. Research design, data, and methodology - The findings were as follows: first, consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products had a significantly affirmative influence upon purchase intention. Health was the most important factor of selection criteria convenience was more important than quality and familiarity was next. Consumers' attitudes and trust had a significant influence on purchase intention. Second, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust partially mediated selection criteria: sub-factors and purchase intention were important in selection criteria. Third, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust had a significant moderation effect between selection criteria and purchase intention. In the test of the moderation effect between sub-factors of selection criteria and purchase intention, consumers' attitude had a significantly positive influence upon health, convenience, and familiarity, and had no significant influence upon quality and purchase intention. Consumers' trust had no significant influence upon health, convenience, and quality. Results - The study provided several theoretical implications: first, an empirical analysis was undertaken with selection criteria for environmental-friendly agricultural products, consumers' attitude, and trust to investigate subjective norms, attitude toward behavior and control of behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. Second, this study investigated both the mediation effect and moderation effect of consumers' subjective norms on attitudes toward behavior, the mediating effects of perceived behavior control and changes of behavioral intention depending upon size and direction of the variables. This study also provided several practical implications. Conclusions - First, consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products did not increase despite rapid increase of production therefore, promotion of consumption and distribution was needed considering the supply and demand of the products. Second, definite standards for selection criteria were suggested to build up consumers' attitude and trust. Consumers' attitude could be improved by factors including the brand of environment-friendly agricultural products, consistent quality, solving physiological problems caused by adverse effects of environmental problems, supplementary approaches, treatment of adverse effects by eating food, and the development and supply of products in accordance with changes of lifestyle. Finally, consumers' demand for sub-factors of selection criteria could be much higher than health, convenience, and quality of the products. Therefore, a process was needed that could continuously check consumers' needs for the products. Limitations were described at the end of the study.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.39-63
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 국내 최초로 풍수해보험에 대한 포괄적인 설문자료를 바탕으로 보험가입자들의 역선택 존재 여부에 대한 실증분석을 수행하였다. 풍수해보험은 경제주체들이 개별적으로 풍수해위험에 대처하는 경우보다 위험분산을 통해 더 높은 효용을 누릴 수 있도록 해주는 수단이다. 그러나 정부개입 없이는 보험시장의 형성이 어려울 뿐더러 여타 보험시장과 마찬가지로 역선택 문제가 존재할 가능성이 크다. 즉, 상대적으로 피해 발생 확률이 높은 가입자들만이 스스로 풍수해보험에 가입하는 결과가 초래되어 시장실패가 나타나게 된다. 본 연구의 실증분석 결과, 소유주의 풍수해에 대한 과거 경험과 위험도로 나타난 소유시설 주변의 위험요인이 풍수해보험 가입에 통계적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 현행과 같은 정부의 보험료 지원방식이 풍수해보험시장의 역선택 문제를 야기하고 있어 효율성 측면에서 개선될 필요가 있다는 점을 시사한다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2024

Background: Oral cancer drugs, particularly tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are increasingly popular due to their convenience. However, they pose challenges like drug interactions, especially with medications like azole antifungals. While the FDA provides some guidance, more detailed information is needed to manage these interactions effectively. A meta-analysis was conducted to understand the impact of interactions between TKIs and azole antifungals on adverse events during clinical studies. Methods: A meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. Data from PubMed, EMBASE, and references were searched until November 30, 2021. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on TKI-antifungal interactions in English. Study selection and quality assessment were conducted by two independent investigators. Results: Out of 158 articles, 11 were selected for analysis. Combination therapy showed a slight increase in adverse events but was not statistically significant (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.49-2.13, p=0.95). AUC and Cmax fold changes did not significantly impact adverse event development. Both itraconazole and ketoconazole showed no significant difference in adverse event development compared to TKI alone. Conclusions: Study finds TKI-DDI not significantly linked to AE increase; azole antifungal types not related to AE. Future DDI research crucial for drug development.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.31-52
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• 2010

대학의 내부노동시장은 영리법인인 기업의 그것과 마찬가지로 비대칭적 정보의 현실에서 역선택과 도덕적 해이를 해결하는 기능을 가져야 한다. 필자는 서울 시내 소재 M대학의 대외비 인사 자료인 급여와 연구 업적 자료를 토대로 교수들의 모럴 해저드를 분석하고 합당한 연봉제와 성과연동급여를 제안한다. 뿐만 아니라 M대학 직원의 내부노동시장에서는 직원들이 단결하여 집단이기주의를 공공연히 행사하는 현상을 M대학의 직원 자료를 이용하여 분석한다. 대학 직원의 내부노동시장 효율성 제고를 위해서, 8개의 직군별 채용, 직군 내 승진, 직무급제 시행을 본 논문은 제안하고 있다.