• Title/Summary/Keyword: Adulteration

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Detection Method of Heated Milk (가열유(加熱乳)의 검출법(檢出法))

  • Lee, Bou-Oung;Chang, Oun-Ki;Jin, Tai-Hua;Xu, Wen-Ying
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 2004
  • For the detection of heated milk, heated milk is possible to decide by use of various methods for example, rennet coagulation, scanning electron microscope, determination of SH radical, electrophoresis, spectrometry to 340nm. Among the above method, rennet coagulation time is frequently used because of simple and rapid. Heated milk to above 70 degree is possible to detect by use of rennet coagulation time. In future, it should more develope method which can be detect the heated milk on thermization of around 55 degree. It may be deviate the normal range by one test item in the detection of adulteration. For this case, skimming, water and salts addition can detect but in normal range, analysis of another items also should synthetically be side by side and detect, and it is necessary to detect adulteration.

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Detection of Adulteration of Sesame Oil (II). Chromatographic Determination of Rapeseed Oil in Sesame Oil (참기름의 진위판정에 관하여(II) 참기름중의 채종유의 검출)

  • 천석조;임영희;송인상;노정배
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.105-109
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    • 1988
  • To develop a method for detecting and e&timating the quantity of adulterant rapeseed oil in sesame oil, five kinds of sesame oils and three kinds of rapeseed oils collected from different sources were fractionated by TLC (thin layer chromatography) and separated on the basis of PN (partition number) by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). These obsenations indicate that the proportion of adulterant rapeseed oil when mixed minimum 4% with sesame oil can be detected.

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A Food and Nutritional Survey on Bottled Market Milk in Seoul City Area (시판우유(市販牛乳)의 식품영양학적(食品營養學的)인 조사연구(調査硏究))

  • Yoo, Yang-Ja;Shin, Hyo-Sun
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.87-91
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    • 1968
  • Food and nutritional survey was made on two kinds of milk (one: 30 samples of bottled milk, the others: 30 samples of prepared milk), which are bottled market cow milk in Seoul city to examine the general ingredients, adulteration and degeneration. The results of survey indicated that the bottled milk delivered to home is relatively better than the prepared milk from the view point of food and nutrition. Moreover the quality of the prepared milk is poor because of adulteration through adding water or skim milk powder in order to increase quantity, consequently the prepared milk is under the nutritional standard. However it indicated that some of the bottled milk are rather inferior from the view point of food and nutrition, so certain measure is required for improving the quality of bottled and prepared milk. Most of the bottled milk and the prepared milk containing Coli-form bacteria have a possiblity to harm the citizen's health as a medium of infectious disease, such a fact is really serious problem from the view point of the national health, considering the general trend of milk consumption increase. It is urgent for us to take a scientific inspection on the sanitary management and take a formidable measure in handling of milk.

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Detection of Adulteration of Sesame Oil(I) Chromatographic Determination for Soybean Oil, Linseed Oil and Perilla Oil in Sesame Oil (참기름의 진위 판정에 관하여 - (I) 참기름중의 대두유, 아마인유 및 들깨기름의 검출)

  • 천석조;임영희;송인상;노정배
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.59-63
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    • 1988
  • A technique of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to tbe detection and estimation for composition of linseed oil, perilla oil and soybean oil in edible sesame oil. Tbe triglycerides were separated into five peaks in sesame 011, seven peaks in linseed oil, perilla oil and soybean oil by HPLC. From the resulls separated by HPLC on the basis of PN (partition number), tbese observations indicate tbat adullerants linseed oil, perilla oil and soybean oil in sesame oil for the ratio of minimum 4%, respectively can be detected. As a resull, it was suggested that tbe use of HPLC can provide more detailed Information concerning adulteration of sesame all.

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Evaluation of the Potential for the Adulteration Screening of Imported Hay by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (근적외선분광법을 이용한 수입건초의 이물질 혼입판정 가능성 평가)

  • Park, Hyung-Soo;Lee, Hyo-Won;Kim, Ji-Hye;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Kim, Jong-Duck
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.183-188
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    • 2014
  • Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to study the potential of adulteration of imported forage. Hay samples were prepared two set ; calibration set and validation one. The former were mixed 12 sets from 100% to 50% with Yangcho (Chinese leymus, leymus chinensis Trin.) and the latter were adulterated with 6 set of 8% to 38% in 5% interval. Mixed materials with Yangcho were rice straw, reed and alfalfa. Stand error of prediction (SEP) in calibration equation for alfalfa, reed and rice straw were 0.97, 0.97 and 0.99 also 0.54, 0.86 and 1.26%. Multiple correlation coefficient ($R^2$) for alfalfa, reed and rice straw were 0.99, 0.97 and 0.99. SEP in the same samples were 1.88, 2.15 and 1.49, respectively.

Development of an Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay for Rapid Detection of Adulteration of Food Allergen Mackerel in Processed Marine Foods (수산가공식품 중 알레르겐 고등어 혼입여부 신속 검출을 위한 간접효소면역분석법의 개발)

  • Lee, Jeong-Eun;Kim, Ah-Yoon;Kim, Sol-A;Kim, Hyo-In;Park, Ji-Hye;Shim, Won-Bo
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.185-192
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (indirect ELISA) based on a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that is specific to mackerel thermal stable-soluble protein (TSSP), that can be used for the rapid detection of mackerel in processed marine foods. Among the four MAbs (3A5-1, 2, 9, and 12) developed in previous studies, the 3A5-2 MAb that showed high specificity and sensitivity were selected and used to develop the indirect ELISA method. The detection range of the indirect ELISA was 0.02%-0.001% and the detection limit of 0.001% was shown. No cross-reaction to other marine products and food ingredients was observed by the indirect ELISA. Processed marine foods containing mackerel with ${\geq}0.3$ O.D. value at 405 nm were estimated as positive samples by the indirect ELISA. Therefore, the indirect ELISA can be used as a rapid and sensitive method to identify mackerel authenticity and adulteration in processed marine foods.

Application of Deuterium NMR Analysis for the Differentiation of Korean and Foreign Liquors (중수소 핵자기 공명을 이용한 외국 술과 국산 술의 비교 분석)

  • Han, Gee-Chung;Lee, Sueg-Geun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.127-129
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    • 2000
  • The $^2H$ NMR analysis was used to determine the relative deuterium contents at the position of methyl and methylene in ethyl alcohols. Four different liquors manufactured in Korea clearly showed different R values from those of foreign liquors. These R values for the Korean liquors could be used to distinguish adulteration.

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Identification of Morphological Appearance of Minute Seed Herbs Using Stereoscope (Report II) - Alli Tuberosi Semen✳Alli Fistulosi Semen, Malvae Semen✳Abutili Semen, Plantaginis Semen✳Schizonepetae Semen (Stereoscope를 이용한 미세종자류 한약재 외부형태 감별연구(제2보(報)) -구자(韭子)와 총자(蔥子), 동규자(冬葵子)와 경마자(苘麻子), 차전자(車前子)와 형개자(荊芥子)-)

  • Kim, Young-Sik;Ju, Young-Sung
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.61-69
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    • 2016
  • Objectives : This study is to propose discriminative keys with stereoscope for minute seed herbs easily mixed up, but hard to discriminate by naked eyes: Alli Tuberosi Semen(ATS)✳Alli Fistulosi Semen(AFS), Malvae Semen(MS)✳ Abutili Semen(AS), Plantaginis Semen(PS)✳Schizonepetae Semen(SS).Objectives : We reviewed the description of original plants and medicinal herbs from literature. The specimen of original plant were collected, determinated and compared to samples in the market. Primary classification was performed with naked eyes. and we found out other discrimination keys for non-distinctive herbs with stereoscope. Discrimination keys were set as the morphological criteria of authentic herbs, percentage of adulteration, and standards for discriminating genuine herbs from adulteration.Results : 1) ATS is bigger, has reticulate pattern on protuberant side and unique garlic chives taste. AFS which is usually mixed up, is smaller, has 1~2 ridges and unique welsh onion taste. 2) MS is smaller, has no villus, but its length of bumps are similar. AS easily mixed up, is bigger and has white villus. Its upper side bump is longer and more sharp. 3) PS has dent at middle of the back side. It becomes very sticky when it is put or boiled in water. SS which can be mixed up has no dent and low viscosity compared to PS.Conclusions : With this result, we propose discriminative keys which can identify the original plants and processed herbal state of six herbs. Because minute medicinal herbs are hardly distinguishable by sensory test, It is essential to differentiate by using stereoscope.

Application of the TaqMan® real-time PCR assay for the detection of chicken (Gallus gallus) meat in pork products (돼지고기 제품 내 닭고기 검출을 위한 TaqMan® real-time PCR의 적용)

  • Koh, Ba-Ra-Da;Kim, Ji-Yeon;Na, Ho-Myung;Park, Seong-Do;Kim, Yong-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.193-201
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    • 2013
  • Many consumers are increasingly concerned about the meat they eat, and accurate labelling is important due to public health, economic and legal concerns. Meat species adulteration is a common problem in the retail markets. In this study, a TaqMan$^{(R)}$ quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was applied for its ability to quantify chicken meat, which was not indicated on the label, in 79 commercial pork products (ham, sausages, bacon and ground meat) producted by 10 different manufacturers. The amplification efficiency was 82.05% and the square regression coefficient ($R^2$) was 0.995. PCR results showed that 38.6% of ham samples, 50.0% of sausages samples, and 50.0% of ground meat samples were contaminated with chicken residuals, while the bacon samples were not contaminated with chicken residuals. Only twelve pork products of one of the manufacturers were in accordance with indicated in their labels. The PCR assay reported in this work could be particularly useful in inspection programs to verify the food labelling of commercial processed meats and to gain consumers' trust.