• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.220-228
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• 2008

Toluene adsorption characteristics in the adsorption bed packed with activated carbon fiber (ACF) were studied. Experimental apparatus is composed of VOC generation equipment, adsorption bed, and analytical instrument. Breakthrough characteristics were investigated with length of the adsorption bed which consisted of 3 or 5 sheets of the ACF and flow rate when toluene concentration are 400 ppm and 800 ppm respectively. When mass transfer zone (MTZ) comes out of the adsorption bed, toluene concentration is increased sharply and reached plateau region by saturation. Experimental results are compared with semi-empirical gas adsorption model proposed by Yoon and Nelson. In order to investigate the movement of the MTZ with adsorption time in the adsorption bed packed with ACFs, weight increment of each ACF was measured with the location of ACF at each run. When the weight increment of ACF by toluene adsorption which located at the exit of the bed reaches about 20%, toluene started to be detected.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.305-312
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• 2012

This work is to study the variations of adsorption characteristics of binary vapor according to packing system of double-layer bed by fixed bed experiment. Breakthrough curves of single and binary vapor composed of acetone and benzene on single-layer and double-layer adsorption bed composed of activated carbon (AC) and silica-aluminar (SA) were compared. Adsorptions of binary vapor on double-layer bed were influenced by the differences of surface area between adsorbents as well as the polarity difference between adsorbent and adsorbate. The roll-up phenomenon of acetone vapor was happened by replacement with competing adsorption between acetone vapor and benzene vapor on AC bed, but it was not happened on SA bed because acetone vapor and benzene vapor had less difference in affinity with SA bed. The breakthrough times of acetone vapor and benzene vapor on AC/SA double-layer bed were three times and 1.4 times larger respectively than on SA/AC double-layer bed, the differences of breakthrough times were relatively larger than the equilibrium adsorption capacities according to packing system of double-layer bed.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2018

A simple mathematical model for predicting fixed bed adsorption dynamics is described. The model is characterized by a linear adsorption isotherm and a linear driving force expression for mass transfer. Its analytic solution can be approximated with an algebraic equation in closed form which is easily evaluated by spreadsheet computation. To demonstrate one application of the fixed bed model, a previously published adsorption system is used as a case study in this work. The adsorption system examined here describes chromium breakthrough in a fixed bed adsorber packed with imidazole functionalized adsorbent particles and is characterized by a nonlinear adsorption isotherm. However, the equilibrium behavior of the fixed bed adsorber is in essence governed by a linear adsorption isotherm due to the use of a low influent chromium concentration. It is shown that chromium breakthrough is predicted reasonably well by the fixed bed model. The model's parameters can be easily extracted from independent batch experiments. The proposed modeling approach is very simple and rapid, and only Excel is used for computation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1143-1149
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• 2014

The adsorption experiments of lithium ions were conducted in the fixed bed column packed with activated carbon modified with nitric acid. Effect of inlet concentration, bed hight and flow rate on the removal of lithium ions was investigated. The experimental results showed that the removal and the adsorption capacity of lithium ions increased with increasing inlet concentration, and decreased with increasing flow rate. When the bed height increased, the removal and the adsorption capacity increased. The breakthrough curves gave a good fit to Bohart-Adams model. Adsorption capacity and breakthrough time calculated from Bohart-Adams model, these results were remarkably consistent with the experimental values. The adsorption capacity was not changed in the case of 3 times repetitive use of adsorbent.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.773-782
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• 1998

The adsorption experiment of phenol(Ph) from aqueous solution on granular activated carbon was studied in order to design the fixed-bed adsorption column. The experimental data were analyzed by unsteady-state, one-dimensional heterogeneous model. Finite element method(FEM) was applied to analyze the sensitivity of parameter and to predict the fixed-bed adsorption column performance on operation variable changes. The prediction model showed similar effect to mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion coefficient changes suggesting that both parameter present mass transfer rate limits for GAC-phenol system. The Freundlich constants had a greater effect than kinetic parameters for the performance of fixed-bed adsorption column. FEM solution facilitated prediction of concentration history in solution and within adsorbent particle.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.166-172
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• 1999

Fixed-bed adsorption of metal ions on chitosan bead was studied to remove heavy metal ions in waste water. Chitin was extracted from carb shell and chitosan was prepared by deacetylation of the chitin. The chitosan in bead was used as an adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm was determined from the experimental results of equilibrium adsorption for individual metal ion ($Cu^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$) on chitosan bead. Adsorption strength of metal ions decreased in the order of $Cu^{2+}$>$Co^{2+}$>$Ni^{2+}$ ion. Breakthrough curves of single and multicomponent adsorption for metal ions were obtained from the experimental results of fixed-bed adsorption. The breakthrough curves were analyzed by simulation with fixed-bed adsorption equation based on LDFA (linear driving force approximation) adopted LAS (ideal adsorbed solution) theory which can predict multi-component adsorption isotherm from individual adsorption isotherm. The behavior of fixed bed adsorption for single and multi-component system could be nicely simulated by the equation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2014

Adsorption of phenol on activated carbon in a fixed bed was studied. The effects of fixed-bed length, superficial velocity (flow rate) and particle size of adsorbent on fixed-bed performance were investigated. Some characteristic parameters such as the breakthrough time ($t_{0.05}$), saturation time ($t_{0.95}$), length of mass transfer zone ($L_{MTZ}$), adsorptive capacity (W), and adsorption rate constant ($K_a$) were derived from the breakthrough curves. Adsorbent particle sizes significantly affected the shape of the breakthrough curve. Larger particle sizes resulted in an earlier breakthrough, a longer $L_{MTZ}$ and a lower adsorption rate. Superficial velocity was a critical factor for the external mass transfer during fixed-bed adsorption process. The external mass transfer resistance was dominant as increasing superficial velocity.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.17-40
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• 2023

This article presents studies of the adsorption process in a continuous system of fluoride solutions at a concentration of 30 mg/L using a bone char packed in fixed-bed columns, as well as regeneration studies in the same system using HNO₃, HCl and NaOH at 0.01, 0.1 and 1 M. The Thomas Model, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Numerical Integration and Mass Transfer Zone were used for the modeling of asyemmetrical breakthrough curves obtained from the fluoride adsorption on bone char. The maximum adsorption capacity of the breakthrough curves was estimated, and various design parameters of the columns were obtained for the different operating conditions. Results showed that an improvement in the modeling capabilities of the Thomas model can be obtained using ANNs. Moreover, ANNs are useful for determining reasonable and accurate design parameters of packed-bed adsorption columns. This modeling approach can be useful for the process system engineering of dynamic adsorption systems involved in the field of water treatment and purification. It is important to highlight that the obtained results indicate that, when using HCl or HNO₃ at a concentration of 0.1 M, a large number of adsorption-desorption cycles are obtained and, therefore, the highest values of adsorption capacity, which leads to a reduction in operation costs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.776-780
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• 2001

Based on the static and dynamic adsorption of Streamline DEAE, a modified tank-in-series model including particle size distribution was used to describe the adsorption performance of bovine serum albumin in an expanded bed. The calculated results indicated that the suggested model was able to simulate breakthrough curves under various conditions.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.384-387
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• 2006

수소 스테이션에서 사용할 수 있는 Compact 형 수소 PSA를 연구하였다. 기존의 수소 PSA 가 수소 스테이션에서 공간적 제약이 있기 때문에 그 부피를 줄이면서, 또한 효율을 높이기 위해 Compact형 수소 PSA를 고안하였다. Compact형 수소 PSA는 하나의 bed안에 다른 하나의 bed를 넣음으로써 시스템이 차지하는 부피를 줄이는 한 건, inner bed와 outer bed 사이의 열교환 효과가 나타나기 때문에 그 효율을 높일 수 가 있다. 흡착탑의 동특성을 파악하기 위하여 4성분 (H2/CO2/CH4/CO, 69:26:3:2 vol. %)의 가스를 Feed rate 7LPM, Adsorption Pressure 9atm의 조건으로 실험을 하였다. Inner bed와 outer bed의 흡착 동특성의 차이를 알아보고, PSA 공정을 가상으로 하여 각각의 탑에서 흡착과 탈착이 동시에 일어날 때의 동특성도 알아보았다. 그리고 AD step time을 달리 하면서 PSA 공정에 알맞은 Sequence을 알아보았다.