• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2021

2013년 7월 아시아나 OZ 214편 샌프란시스코 국제공항 (SFO) 사고의 주요 원인은 조종사의 잘못된 접근 조작과 항공기 오토트로틀 홀드(autothrottle hold) 모드로 인해 자동 속도 컨트롤(control)이 불가함을 인지 못하였고, 복행 (go-around) 결심이 늦었다는 것이다. 이와 관련하여 B777 POM (pilot operation manual)에는 FAF (final approach fix) 후 FLCH (flight level change) 모드 사용을 제한하고 있다. 본 연구는 QAR (quick access recorder) 데이터 분석 시스템을 활용하여 국내 항공사의 B777 기종에서 2년간 발생한 44건의 해당 이벤트를 분석 한 결과, 정상 강하각 보다 높은 위치에서 조종사가 FLCH 모드를 이용하여 급하게 강하하는 과정에서 해당 이벤트들이 주로 발생하였으며, 항공기 베이스 선회 (base Turn) 시 정상 수직 경로(vertical path)보다 낮은 상태에서도 FLCH 모드를 지속 사용한 예도 있었다. 아울러 공항의 표고가 500 ft 이상의 높은 공항에서 이벤트 발생율이 높은 점을 확인하였다. 이에 본연구에서는 항공기 접근 시의 강하 계획(descent planning), 수직 경로(vertical path) 모니터링의 중요성과 자동항법장치 사용 기준 및 안정 접근 항목(stabilized approach criteria)의 준수로 이벤트 경감방안 마련의 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2021

수분산 제형은 사용 시 가루 날림이 없고, 끈적이지 않으며 가벼운 사용감을 주면서 밀착력이 높은 특징이 있어 색조 화장품에 많이 이용된다. 하지만 색조 화장품에 사용되는 수분산 제형에서 안료가 미치는 영향에 관한 연구는 거의 검토되지 않았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 색조 화장품 제조에 주로 쓰이는 무기색소, 유기색소, 진주광택안료 등의 안료를 각각 분산시켜 만든 수분산 제형에서 안료가 제형에 미치는 영향에 대하여 외관의 변화, pH의 변화, 광안정성을 측정하고 분석하는 연구를 진행하였다. Carmine 또는 ferric ferrocyanide가 코팅된 이산화티탄 마이카 계 색소는 저점도 수분산 제형에서 수상에 색이 우러나오며, 광안정성이 좋지 않아 사용에 적합하지 않았다. 유기 색소는 수분산 제형에서 1%의 함량으로 광안정성은 양호했으나 수상에 색이 우러나오고, 파우더끼리 뭉쳐서 잘 분산되지 않으므로 사용에 적합하지 않았다. 진주광택안료, 무기 색소, 산화철이 코팅된 이산화티탄 마이카 계 색소는 수분산 제형에서 외관 및 광안정성이 우수하여 사용에 적합하였다. 또한 각각의 안료를 분산시킨 모든 시료의 pH는 모두 3.0 - 9.0 범위 안에 들어 화장품 법에 적합한 것으로 보인다. 이는 색조 화장품 중 수분산 제형에서 안료의 거동을 예상하고 안정한 색소를 선택 및 사용하여 안정한 수분산 제형의 색조 화장품을 제조하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2021

본 연구의 주요 목적은 노인의 여가 생활 스포츠 참여의 여가 만족도, 여가 능력, 운동 만족도, 일관된 운동 행동 패턴 사이의 구조적 관계를 분석하여 향후 미래사회가 요구하는 방향의 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 경기도 용인 및 성남시 스포츠 클럽 3곳을 선정하여 239명의 노인의 샘플링을 조사하여 활용하였으며, 연구의 목적에 따라 통계 기법, spss, Amos 23.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 분석에 사용 하였다. 이에 따른 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인운동 프로그램 참여자들의 여가경험이 운동만족도에 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 노인운동 프로그램 참여자들의 운동몰입은 운동 만족도에 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 노인운동 프로그램 참여자들의 운동 만족도는 지속적인 운동 지속성과 운동 몰입 만족도에 영향을 미친다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 보면 노인의 여가경험에 따른 운동몰입, 운동만족 및 운동지속행위가 성공적 노화에 중요한 역할과 윤택한 삶의 질에 기여한다 할 수 있으며 나아가 노인들의 삶의 질 개선 및 노인운동시설의 프로그램 참여자들을 위한 유기적 커뮤니케이션을 통한 다양한 재정적 지원과 연구가 절실히 요구되는 바이다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2022

Background: Denosumab (Prolia®) is administered every 6 months for osteoporosis treatment. Co-administration of calcium and vitamin D is required to minimize hypocalcemia risk. We evaluated clinical outcomes based on the administration interval of denosumab and co-prescription with calcium-vitamin D combination products. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using electronic medical records from 668 patients who started denosumab therapy between January 1 and December 31, 2018, at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Clinical outcomes, as measured by changes in T-score, were evaluated by the intervals and concurrent prescriptions with calcium-vitamin D combination products. Results: Of the 668 patients, 333 patients met the eligibility criteria. These patients were divided into two groups based on appropriateness of the administration interval: "Appropriate" (304 patients, 91.3%) and "Inappropriate" (29 patients, 8.3%). T-score changes were significantly higher in the "Appropriate" than in the "Inappropriate" group (0.30±0.44 vs. 0.13±0.37, p=0.048). At the beginning of the treatment, 221 patients (66.4%) were prescribed calcium-vitamin D combination products, but the changes in T-scores were not significantly different by the prescription status of the product (0.29±0.46 vs. 0.28±0.38, p=0.919). Conclusion: T-scores were significantly improved in patients with appropriate administration intervals. No significant changes in T-scores were observed by the prescription status with calcium-vitamin D combination products. For optimal treatment outcomes, prescribers should encourage adherence to the approved prescription information on dosage and administration, and pharmacists should provide medication counseling for patients.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2020

본 연구는 기업에서, 특히 디자인기업에서 관계마케팅이 기업이미지, 기업의 신뢰, 그리고 그 기업과의 관계에 대한 지속의도에 미치는 영향을 분석 후, 기업에 종사하는 구성원들과 그 기업의 서비스를 이용하는 소비자(사용자)간의 업무와 소통에서의 관계 정립을 살펴보고, 상호간 관계지속의도의 영향을 실증하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 먼저, 이론적 고찰을 정립하기 위해, 이미 발표된 국내·외 논문, 학술지, 간행지, 단행본, 인터넷 등을 살펴본 후 수집한 자료를 바탕으로 분석하였다. 또한 객관적 타당성과 실증적 증명을 위해 서울, 경기도에 거주하는 디자인 기업 종사자들을 대상으로 약 2개월에 걸쳐 수집한 설문자료를 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 관계마케팅과 신뢰 간의 관계를 검증한 결과 기업의 커뮤니케이션과 기업평판은 신뢰에 유의한 영향을 미치는 반면, 기업의 전문성은 신뢰에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 관계마케팅과 지속의도 간의 관계는 전문성, 커뮤니케이션, 기업평판 등 모든 변수가 지속의도에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 검증되었다. 셋째, 기업의 신뢰는 지속의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 결론부분에 이와 관련된 연구의 시사점 및 한계점을 제시하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.63-82
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to compare growth condition of landscape woody plants growing on the different ground structures in apartment complex. I chose Manseok Beach Town Complex 2, in Manseok-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon which has both natural and artificial ground as a subject site. Analysis of three phases of soil showed that artificial ground had average liquid phase of 30.89%, artificial ground mounding 33.88% and natural ground 24.40%. It means that artificial ground has higher water content than natural ground despite having same earthiness. It is believed that artificial ground is not as well drained as natural ground even though it is connected to the natural ground and has a deep soil depth because of mounding. Comparative study between woody plants on natural ground and those on artificial ground demonstrated that trees on natural ground grew 40.4% compared to those on artificial ground(0.875mm more) in terms of diameter growth. Average diameter growth of trees on natural ground was 3.040mm against 2.165mm for those on artificial ground. All 19 tree species which were measured for root diameter growth showed similar or higher growth on natural ground than on artificial ground. When it comes to growth of height, arborvitae showed highest growth on natural ground, followed by Thuja occidentalis, Pinus strobus, Magnolia denudata, Diospyros kaki and Aesculus turbinata. I measured branch growth and rate of leaf adherence of Pinus strobus. Average annual rate of branch growth of woody plants on natural ground was twice as high as those on artificial ground. I could conclude that ground structure influences branch growth of Pinus strobus. Statistics analysis of tree damage demonstrated significant result, meaning that there is a difference in the average damage rate depending on structure of ground. In order to validate growth difference by planting ground, I conducted T-Test of growth of diameter, root diameter, branch and height on woody plants growing on natural and artificial ground. As a result, it is believed that there is a difference in the growth of trees depending on the ground structure. Putting all these results together demonstrates that woody plants on natural ground generally grow better than those on artificial ground, which means ground structure does have an influence on the environment of growth of trees.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2022

This article aims to develop an algorithm that detects fire pump defects by analyzing the current signals of an induction motor, which are triggered by changes in the flow rate and pressure of multistage volute pumps that are used for fire services. The operational status of the pumps was categorized into three: first, normal operation; second, a defect that is caused by a change in the current value; and third, a defect occasioned by a change in current, pressure, and flow rate. When a fire pump was in normal operation, the motor's operating current was measured between 5.06 A and 6.9 A, the flow rate was estimated at 0-0.27 m³/min, and the pressure ranged from 0 to 0.47 MPa. In the event that a defect was caused by an abnormal current value in the motor, it was attributed to the pump's adherence. Furthermore, if there was no source of water, the defect was considered to have been induced by phase-loss operation, no-load operation, or run-stop operation, with the current value of each scenario being measured at > 52.8 A, < 4.13 A, > 45.15 A, and < 3.8 A, respectively, placing its overall range between 0 and 50 A. The sources of defects were detected based on an analysis of the flow rate, pressure, and current, which represent the following causes: air inflow into the casing, inadequate suction of water, and reverse-phase operation, respectively. Each cause entailed the following values: when air seeped into the casing, the pressure was measured at 0.24 MPa irrespective of changes in the flow rate; when there was inadequate suction of water, the pressure was recorded between 0 and 0.05 MPa despite changes in the flow rate; and when the power line's reverse-phase loss was the cause of the defect, the pressure was measured at 0.33 MPa for a flow rate of 0 L/min, and a higher flow rate decreased the pressure to nearly 0 MPa. The results of this study will enable engineers to develop a pump defect detection algorithm that is based on an analysis of current, and this algorithm will facilitate the execution of a program that will control a fire pump defect detection system.

• 한일민족문제연구
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• 제21호
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• pp.1-43
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• 2011

This article introduces Abe Mituie's activities related to Korean and Japanese Buddhism and two newly discovered materials. He worked as a brain of Japanese cultural rule over Joseon Korea while holding various positions such as the president of KyeongSung Il Bo, the vice president of Kokmin Newspaper and the director of Central Joseon Association. Abe was responsible for Enkak Temple, the head temple of Japanese Rinzai section, and was one of the layman followers of Syak Soen who worked for the spread of modern Japanese Buddhism to Europe and America. He was a respectful Buddhist layman so as to teach Zen Buddhism for young Buddhist monks in Japan. After he started to assume charge in the Kyeong Sung Il Bo, he was also very active in movements in relation to Joseon Buddhism to the extent that he was found to be deeply involved in Joseon Buddhism sections. On the other hand, he concluded Joseon culture to be 'devastated.' He asserted that it was necessary to develop spiritual culture and revive Buddhism in order to resolve the devastation in the Joseon. In addition, he thought that Joseon Buddhism was ruined due to the misgovernment of the Joseon Dynasty, but had its own as great tradition as Japanese Buddhism. Therefore, in his opinion, there was a need to do research on Joseon Buddhism and find some way out of the contemporary difficulties. In order to save the situation, he made efforts to protect and revive Joseon Buddhism while paying continuous visits to Joseon Buddhist temples, supporting the publication of Buddhist canons and proposing to have a regular meeting of 'The Invitation of 30 Head Temples.' From his visit to Youngju Temple and his consistent relationship with Kang Daeryeon, it can be assumed that he was involved in reorganizing power structure in Joseon Buddhism and establishing various institutions. He emphasized the strict adherence of individuals and communities to rules in his lecture for students at Jung Ang Hak Rim. It was a way to revive Joseon Buddhism by creating a new social image of Joseon Buddhism. He continued to work for the restoration of Joseon Buddhism even after he retired from Kyeong Sung Il Bo and returned to Japan. He introduced the originality of Joseon Buddhism history to Japan and sent Japanese monks to Korea in order to do research and contribute to exchange between Korean and Japanese Buddhism. All things taken together, it is evident that Abe Mitzihe regarded Joseon as backward or stagnant from a perspective of evolutionist or orientalist, and was a Japanese elite to believe that it was just for Japan to control Korea. However, he was different from other Japanese elites in that he did not considered Joseon Buddhism merely as the object of propagation. He thought that Joseon Buddhism possessed its own great tradition and culture, but was ruined because of the misadministration of the Joseon Royal House. Therefore, in his opinion, Joseon Buddhism should be recovered by means of some supports, and its revival would lead to the restoration of Joseon culture as a whole, which would be realized by Japanese rule over Korea and Japanese elites' generous assistance.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2023

2019년 12월에 발생한 COVID-19는 세계적으로 대유행하였고, 이로 인해 폐기능검사실의 안전한 감염관리가 절실히 요구되었다. 그러나 국내 유관 기관에서 제공하는 지침과 규제는 이 심각한 공중보건 위기에 대응하기에는 부족한 실정이었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2021년 10월 1일부터 2021년 11월 2일까지 국내 2차 이상 의료기관 51개를 대상으로 감염관리 기본규정, 일회용품 사용, 환기 시설, 공간 분리, 출입문의 형태 등에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과, 공기 주의, 비말 주의, 접촉 주의를 위한 인식과 보호용구착용은 상당 부분 적절히 이루어지고 있었으나, 1인 검사 후 환경소독을 항상 시행하는 기관이 39.22%로 낮은 수준으로 조사되었다. 또한, 일회용품 사용(81.05%), 환기 시설(45.75%), 검사 전용 공간(80.39%), 사무 공간 분리(15.69%), 자동문 설치(19.61%)의 경우 조사 항목에 따라 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내 폐기능검사실의 감염관리의 일반적 사항과 시설의 실태조사를 통해 폐기능검사실의 감염관리의 중요성을 재고하고, 국내 의료기관의 감염병 위기 대응을 위한 후속 연구에 기초 정보를 제공함으로써, 폐기능검사실의 감염관리 표준 지침서 개발 및 개선에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.169-188
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• 2013

Established in 2006 as the forward integration effort by Taesung Industry, the major cosmetic packaging company, TONYMOLY has phenomenally grown to one of the major cosmetic brand companies in the submarket called, 'one brand-shop' of cosmetic market since 2008, after overcoming the crisis of 'going out of business' in a couple of early years. Within a relatively short period of time, TONYMOLY's performances have dramatically improved in terms of metrics such as growth in sales revenue, the number of stores, the average sales per store, transaction value per customer, the number of monthly transactions, the number of membership-based customers, and overseas sales. In this case study, we have examined TONYMOLY's recent marketing activities which may explain the plausible reasons behind the substantial growth of a small but smart cosmetic company. Above all, the first key success factor of TONYMOLY would be found in its adherence to the clear philosophy of the customer value proposition and/or the differentiated position of TONYMOLY as a brand of providing value. Second, this brand concept of value was first penetrated and welcomed among the foothold customer target group of mid and late teens with appropriate products, while the target groups were later expanded into the age group of twenties along with expansion of relevant products. Third, its differentiation efforts have been concrete and meaningful by utilizing unique ingredients in its product development and marketing efforts, unique fun packaging, and continuously introducing new hit-selling products as well as managing steady-selling products. Fourth, TONYMOLY has been smart enough to use its limited marketing money efficiently and effectively in its marketing communication activities. Viral marketing, PPL, and concentrated media planning and execution turned out to produce effective and efficient market-based performances such as awareness, word-of-mouth, and sales. Lastly, the marketing leadership of CEO and top management, emphasizing communications and interactions, was confirmed in the relationship quality with and trust level of its franchisees and internal employees. These key success factors may explain the recent phenomenal market performances of TONYMOLY. Despite recent successes, the major issues are presented for TONYMOLY to consider for maintaining its sustainable advantages and growth. The first issue concerns TONYMOLY's choice of growth philosophy between product/brand-centric marketing and customer-centric marketing. The second challenging issue relates to how TONYMOLY can cope with 'growing pains' plausibly accompanied with the rapid growth.