• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1999

There is no official landscape architectural organization in the current government organization in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the landscape architectural organization which will carry out the works of the special landscape architectural interest and create the new services with other interested government offices. The contents of the study are as follows; 1. A legal basis for the establishment of the landscape architectural organization is the demand for the introduction of the landscape architectural organization which has 5 types(urban planning, architecture, land register, land surveying, civil work) of the special groups to official organization by changing the 1 article of the Official Appointment Regulations. 2. Theories of law of equality for everyone(the Constitution of Korea : §11(1)), the rights of having pleasant residential life(the Constitution of Korea : §35(3)) and the national duty of employment increase(the Constitution of Korea : §32(1)) are reviewed to provide the legal reason of establishing the landscape architectural organization. 3. With the addition of new landscape architectural organization, it could expand the areas of landscape architects by adding of new landscape architectural subjects into official examinations for government employees. Also it is necessary to exempt the test for those who have licenses and to give additional points in evaluation their works at the end of year to the people who have licenses. 4. The reasons for the creation of new landscape architectural organization into the present official organization are acquired from the derivation of 23 present regulations referring to the landscape architects, the existence of the landscape architectural administrative departments belonging to the Metropolis of Seoul, and the favorable result of the questionnaire on the establishment of the new organization. Hereafter the lawyers should be cooperated with landscape architects to initiate the related principles of law, and it is necessary to analyze each text of the related laws in detail to establish the landscape architectural organization by means of the joint studies.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2002년도 금형가공 심포지엄
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• pp.285-291
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• 2002

The shearing process for the sheet metal is normally used in the precision elements such as a frame of TFT-LCD or lead frame of If chips. In these precision elements, the burr formation prevents the system assembly and needs the additional burr removing process. In this paper, we developed the small size NC punching system which has an aligning kinematics between the rectangular shaped punch and die. The punch is driven by an ai cylinder and the sheet metal is moving on the X-Y table system which is driven by two stewing motors. The microprocessor control the whole system and communicate with the monitoring PC by RS232C serial communication protocol. The graphic user interface program in PC monitors nil control the punching system. The cross shaped joint hinge supports the punching die and positioned by two differential screws, whose are installed in perpendicular directions. The aligning between the punch and die is performed using the sheets of half thickness(0.1mm Brass) of the real process for the frame of the TFT-LCD. Using half thickness Brass, the burr formation is magnified and we can decide the aligning direction more easily then using the real thickness(0.2mm) Aluminum. In this paper, the aligning results are measured manually using the SEM photographs and we hope to make the automated aligning procedures using some kinds of image processing techniques.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.233-239
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• 1999

This study was to investigate the factors which influence foodservice dietitians' job satisfaction and dissatisfaction by the elementary school foodservice type using questionnaires. The results of the study are as followings : 1) Foodservice types of the subjects were urban 49(23.2%), country 141(66.8%) and island 21(10.0%). 79.6% of the urban type were operated by the conventional, independent management system, where 38.3% of the country and 52.4% of the island type were operated by conventional, joint management system. 2) Urban type dietitians showed significantly lower satisfaction on their salary & promotion(1.5) compare to country & island types(p<0.05). Island type dietitians showed significantly lower satisfaction on the student's health improving(2.4) compare to country &urban types(p<0.05). 3) Dietitians of urban type were dissatisfied more 'personnel management(3.2)' than dietitians of other two types. Dietitians of country type and island type were dissatisfied more 'extra work load(2.6)' than dietitians of urban type. 4) Work load was lots orderly island, country and urban types. Working attitudes were the most positive at dietitians of urban type and the most negative at dietitians of island type. 5) Job satisfaction and dissatisfaction of dietitians were correlated with number of meals, number of school transfer, cook license, additional job and school foodservice location type.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2018

Korea Institute for Family Planning (KIFP) was established on July 1, 1971 (Law 2270) and Korea Health Development Institute (KHDI) was established on April 19, 1976 (Law 2857). Korea Institute for Population and Health (KIPH) was formed through the merger of KIFP and KHDI (Act 3417) on July 1, 1981. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA), the former KIPH, was renamed KIHASA on December 30, 1989 (Law 4181) with its additional function of research in social security. It was transferred on January 29, 1999 to the Office of State Affairs Coordination pursuant to the Law on the Establishment, Operation and Promotion of State-Sponsored Organizations (Law 5733). Annually it conducts approximately 50 short- and long-term research projects to accumulate a wide range of research experience. Also it studies and evaluates the primary issues of national health services, health and medical industries, social insurance, social security, family welfare, and population. it conducts joint research projects and active information exchange programs with related domestic and international organizations through seminars and conferences. It executes specific research and development projects according to the government's requests. it educates and trains people domestically and abroad by disseminating a wide-range of information on health and social affairs. it conducts national household surveys on areas of fertility, health and medical care of the disabled, the elderly, and low-income earners. The mid- and long-term research goals of KIHASA should be established and managed systematically. A new organization such as 'Center for Policy Evaluation' is needed to enhance research abilities and experiences. Able research personnels should be recruited and current researchers should try to develop their abilities.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.72-72
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• 2018

A dynamic fatigue characteristic of dental implant system has been evaluated with applying single axial compressive shear loading based on the ISO 14801 standard. For the advanced dynamic fatigue test, multi-directional force and motion needed to be accompanied for more information of mechanical properties as based on mastication in oral environment. In this study, we have prepared loading and motion protocol for the multi-directional fatigue test of dental implant system with single (Apical/Occlusal; AO), and additional mastication motion (Lingual/Facial; LF, Mesial/Distal; MD). As following the prepared protocol (with modification of ISO 14801), fatigue test was conducted to verify the worst case results for the development of highly stabilized dental implant system. Mechanical testing was performed using an universal testing machine (MTS Bionix 858, MN, USA) for static compression and single directional loading fatigue, while the multi-directional loading was performed with joint simulator (ADL-Force 5, MA, USA) under load control. Basically, all mechanical test was performed according to the ISO 14801:2016 standard. Static compression test was performed to identify the maximum fracture force with loading speed of 1.0 mm/min. A dynamic fatigue test was performed with 40 % value of maximum fracture force and 5 Hz loading frequency. A single directional fatigue test was performed with only apical/occlusal (AO) force application, while multi directional fatigue tests were applied $2^{\circ}$ of facial/lingual (FL) or mesial/distal (MD) movement. Fatigue failure cycles were entirely different between applying single-directional loading and multi-directional loading. As a comparison of these loading factor, the failure cycle was around 5 times lower than single-directional loading while applied multi-directional loading. Also, the displacement change with accumulated multi-directional fatigue cycles was higher than that of single directional cycles.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.252-261
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• 2020

2018년 남해안에 내습한 태풍 콩레이에 의해 발생한 폭풍해일과 파랑을 일본 기상청의 기상자료인 JMA-MSM 기상 예보 자료를 이용하여 수치모의하고 남동 해안의 항만에서 관측된 폭풍해일 시계열 자료와 비교 검증하였다. 폭풍해일과 동시에 발생하는 파랑에 대해서는 국립해양조사원과 기상청에서 운영하는 해상 파고부이 자료 및 한국해양과학기술원에서 관측한 연안 AWAC 파고계 자료와 비교하여 검증하였다. 기상자료에 따른 폭풍해일과 파랑의 정밀도를 파악하기 위해 미국 합동태풍경보센터인 JTWC에서 제공하는 best track을 이용하여 생성된 기압장과 바람장을 이용한 수치모의를 수행하고 비교 분석하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 정도 높은 폭풍해일과 파랑을 추산하기 위해 신뢰도 높은 기상장이 필수적임을 알 수 있었다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2016

Background: We investigated the risk factors for the recurrence of anterior shoulder instability after arthroscopic surgery with suture anchors and the clinical outcomes after reoperation. Methods: A total of 281 patients (February 2001 to December 2012) were enrolled into our study, and postoperative subluxation and dislocation were considered as recurrence of the condition. We analyzed radiologic results and functional outcome including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Evaluation Form, the Korean Shoulder Society Score, and the Rowe scores. Results: Of the 281 patients, instability recurred in 51 patients (18.1%). Sixteen out of 51 patients (31.4%) received a reoperation. In terms of the functional outcome, we found that the intact group, comprising patients without recurrence, had a significantly better functional outcome than those in the recurrent group. The size of glenoid defect at the time of initial surgery significantly differed between intact and recurrent group (p<0.05). We found that the number of dislocations, the time from the initial presentation of symptoms to surgery, and the number of anchor points significantly differed between initial operation and revision group (p<0.05). The functional outcome after revision surgery was comparable to intact group after initial operation. Conclusions: Eighteen percent of recurrence occurred after arthroscopic instability surgery, and 5.6% received reoperation surgery. Risk factors for recurrence was the initial size of glenoid defect. In cases of revision surgery, good clinical outcomes could be achieved using additional suture anchor.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1828-1847
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• 2014

Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission has been regarded as a potential technology for LTE-Advanced. In frequency division duplexing systems, channel quantization is applied for reporting channel state information (CSI). Considering the dynamic number of cooperation base stations (BSs), asymmetry feature of CoMP channels and high searching complexity, simply increasing the size of the codebook used in traditional multiple antenna systems to quantize the global CSI of CoMP systems directly is infeasible. Per-cell codebook based channel quantization to quantize local CSI for each BS separately is an effective method. In this paper, the theoretical upper bounds of system throughput are derived for two codeword selection schemes, independent codeword selection (ICS) and joint codeword selection (JCS), respectively. The feedback overhead and selection complexity of these two schemes are analyzed. In the simulation, the system throughput of ICS and JCS is compared. Both analysis and simulation results show that JCS has a better tradeoff between system throughput and feedback overhead. The ICS has obvious advantage in complexity, but it needs additional phase information (PI) feedback for obtaining the approximate system throughput with JCS. Under the same number of feedback bits constraint, allocating the number of bits for channel direction information (CDI) and PI quantization can increase the system throughput, but ICS is still inferior to JCS. Based on theoretical analysis and simulation results, some recommendations are given with regard to the application of each scheme respectively.

• 에너지공학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2020

본 논문은 디자인 씽킹 방법론을 통해 수소에너지를 국가 에너지전환에 활용할 때의 갈등을 해결하는 방안을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구결과, 디자인 씽킹을 통해 갈등 주체와 정부와 이해관계자 간 수소에너지 전환을 위한 정책의 공동 설계가 가능하며, 이는 공감과 협력을 바탕으로 하는 거시적인 접근 방법으로, 정책설계 프로세스에 대한 공감대를 초기에 형성할 수 있다. 수소 에너지 갈등에 대한 이해부터 시작하여 이해관계자의 갈등, 분쟁이나 소송의 결과에서 얻은 경험을 바탕으로 아이디어를 찾을 수 있다. 그리고 이를 바탕으로 수소 에너지전환에 대한 추가적인 아이디어를 도출하고 프로토타이핑과 테스트를 통해 아이디어의 실현을 구체화 및 검증하게 된다. 갈등 개선을 위한 이해관계자들과의 협업은 새로운 가치를 창출할 수 있으며, 에너지 전환의 관점에서는 이해관계자의 갈등에 대한 공감과 통찰력이 새로운 협업 환경을 촉진할 수 있다. 또한 에너지 전환 문제점에 대한 정의를 재구성하는 과정에서 아이디에이션을 통해 다양한 관점을 반영하며, 프로토타입 정책을 시행하는 과정에서 이해관계자 간 갈등 협의의 프로세스에서 지속적인 공감으로 이해관계자의 의견을 통합하여 갈등을 예방할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2017

본 논문은 개인위생(personal hygiene)을 위한 보조기기(assistive product)의 하나인, 고령자 및 장애인을 위한 높이조절 세면기의 설계 가이드라인을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 세면기와 프로토타입 높이조절 세면기를 이용한 생체역학적 평가를 진행하였다. 65세 이상 남성 5명(age $68.6{\pm}4.3yrs.$, height $169.8{\pm}5.7cm$, weight $70{\pm}7.7kg$)이 피험자로 참가하였으며, 피험자가 세면기 사용시 3차원 동작측정장치를 이용하여 인체각도를 측정하고, 인체모델을 이용하여 요추에 걸리는 모멘트를 추정하여 평가하였다. 이 결과로부터 최적의 높이 조절 가능 범위가 652[mm]에서 1,162[mm]인 설계 가이드라인을 제시하였다. 일반인 5명의 피험자($25.8{\pm}1.8$세, $175.5{\pm}5.8cm$, $74{\pm}15.7kg$)를 대상으로 높이 조절 세면기의 사용시 그 유효성을 평가하였으며, 그 결과 본 논문에서 제시한 높이조절 범위가 타당함을 보였다.