• Informatization Policy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.36-46
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• 2015

This study verified theoretical model to explain adolescents' addictive use of smartphone. I used the data of 679 middle and high school students among 2013 internet addiction survey of National Information Society Agency(NIA). This study utilized structural equation modeling analysis to compare a suggestive model and alternative model. According to the final model, higher the satisfaction of family relationship, the addictive use of smartphone and emotional problems of adolescents were reduced. And, higher the addictive use of smartphone, higher the emotional problems of adolescents. Also, family relationship affects emotional problems via addictive use of smartphone. While, in the alternative model, path from amount of smartphone use to addictive use of smartphone was not significant. Results of this study suggest that family relationship variable may play an antecedent factor of addictive use of smartphone and emotional problems of adolescents and control of smartphone use is important to keeping a mental health of adolescents.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2010

So far, the researches about the Internet addiction testing are diverse and enormous. However, since the testing factors have the same importance, there is no discrimination among the factors. In our paper, we analyze the problems of the existing researches by using Lisrel and data mining algorithms. Next, we propose an alternative for the Internet addiction testing. In order to accomplish these, we make an questionnaire consisted of Young's test and then, we asked to 440 primary and secondary school students. In addition, we analyzed the problems of Young's test with factor analysis and then, we distinguish more important items from others with J48 and PART. Finally, based on this analysis, we propose a method to diagnose addicted students and prescribe them.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

This study is to identify the factors affecting on adolescent internet addition and suggest how to deal with it. This study is based on the ecosystem theory for human development. The factors affecting on adolescent internet addition are the followings: First, self-efficacy, self-esteem and self-control affect on internet addiction in individual system. Second, the affecting factors concerned with home environmental system are the communication level between parents and adolescent, parents' attitude for bringing up, parents' control level for adolescent, parents support etc. Third, the affecting factors concerned with school environmental system academic score, friends' support, teacher's support, adolescent adaptation in school life etc. This study suggest how to deal with internet addiction based on these findings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.200-210
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the use of smart phones and their relationship with self-efficacy and academic achievement among students in 5th to 6th grade. Methods: 954 students in $5^{th}$ to $6^{th}$ grade were selected from three elementary schools in K City through purposive sampling. Data of 591 respondents were analyzed by $x^2$ test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN program. Results: First, 64% of the students possessed a smart phone and female students used their phone more than male students. 47.5% of the students said they first used a smartphone in their $5^{th}$ grade and 11.7% said in their 6th grade. Second, heavier use of smart phones was related to a lower level of self-efficacy (p<.001). Third, the more the students used a smart phone, the less they achieved in academic performance (Korean language: p<.001, mathematics: p<.01). Finally, the biggest factor influencing smart phone addiction was longer use of smart phones. In addition, lower self-efficacy and lower ability to adapt to difficult tasks were the factors influencing the increase in smart phone addiction. Less use of smart phones and higher self-efficacy resulted in higher achievement in academic performance. Conclusion: It is essential to decrease students' use of smart phones and improve their self-efficacy and academic performance. Intervention programs to reduce the use of smart phones should include a profound interest, a personality-oriented educational environment and sufficient dialogues with students at home, schools and the local society, beyond simple regulations to prevent adverse effects.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.248-254
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• 2019

In the present study, we investigated whether quercitrin, quercetin and afzelin derived from Houttuynia cordata affect the production and gene expression of MUC5AC mucin from airway epithelial cells. Confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with quercitrin, quercetin or afzelin for 30 min and then stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 h. The MUC5AC mucin gene expression and production were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. The results were as follows: (1) Quercitrin, quercetin and afzelin inhibited EGF- and PMA-induced MUC5AC mucin production from NCI-H292 cells; (2) The three natural products also decreased EGF- and PMA-induced MUC5AC mucin gene expression in NCI-H292 cells. These results suggest that quercitrin, quercetin and afzelin showed the regulatory effect on the steps of gene expression and production of mucin, by directly acting on airway epithelial cells.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.303-310
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• 2021

In the present study, kaempferol, a flavonoidal natural compound found in Polygonati Rhizoma, was investigated for its potential effect on the gene expression and production of airway MUC5AC mucin. A human respiratory epithelial NCI-H292 cells was pretreated with kaempferol for 30 min and stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), for the following 24 h. The effect on PMA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway or EGF-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was investigated. Kaempferol suppressed the production and gene expression of MUC5AC mucins, induced by PMA through the inhibition of degradation of inhibitory kappa Bα (IκBα), and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Also, kaempferol inhibited EGF-induced gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin through regulating the phosphorylation of EGFR, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 (p44/42), and the nuclear expression of specificity protein-1 (Sp1). These results suggest kaempferol regulates the gene expression and production of mucin through regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, in human airway epithelial cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2015.01a
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• pp.111-113
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• 2015

This paper investigate the empirical implications. They were to verify the influences of psychological and environmental factors toward performance satisfaction and durability. The results show that actional environment on academic satisfaction in learning is the most important factor. The effect of academic satisfaction on learning durability proved to be statistically significant. The results suggest that actional environment should be considered with top priority to increase the academic satisfaction. Learning satisfaction, academic vision, and academic satisfaction to enhance students' intention to continue studies are important.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.6 s.84
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• pp.195-208
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• 2006

This study investigated the characteristics of on-line auction users with addictive tendencies. A questionnaire survey was conducted on-line between September 9 and 14, 2005 and 1,608 adults who had experience in on-line auctions participated. As a result, 23.5 percent of the subjects in this study were shown to have addictive tendencies in their use of on-line auctions. The socio-demographic factor found was gender difference. That is, men were more likely to show addictive tendencies than women. The subjects who had addictive tendencies showed certain psychological characteristics such as lower self-esteem more symptoms of depression, and a higher sense of alienation compared to those without addictive tendencies. Finally, on-line auction users who had addictive tendencies were shown to visit on-line auction site more frequently and to stay logged on the auction site longer than non-addicts, reflecting that the frequent the use of on-line auction, the higher the possibility of addiction to on-line auction.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2018

CRFR is involved in the pathophysiology of various disorders including depression, stress, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and addiction. The discovery of novel and structurally diverse CRF1 receptor inhibitors becomes essential. In this study, we have performed molecular docking of CRF1R with the derivatives of 8-substituted-2-aryl-5-alkylaminoquinolines as CRF1R inhibitors. The antagonist molecules were optimized and docked into the binding site of the receptor. On analysing the docked complexes we have identified that the residues HIS214, THR215, ARG227, ARG1008, LYS1060 and ASP1061 are important in forming hydrogen bond with the inhibitors. Further studies on these residues could reveal important structural features required for the formation of CRF1R-inhibitor complex and thus in the discovery of novel and potent inhibitors.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.637-642
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated whether eriodictyol exerts an effect on the production and gene expression of MUC5AC mucin in human pulmonary epithelial NCI-H292 cells. The cells were pretreated with eriodictyol for 30 min and then stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 h. The effect of eriodictyol on PMA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was also investigated. Eriodictyol suppressed the MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression induced by PMA via suppression of inhibitory kappa Bα degradation and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. These results suggest that eriodictyol inhibits mucin gene expression and production in human airway epithelial cells via regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.