• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6549-6556
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• 2013

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) play important roles in leukemia initiation, progression and relapse, and thus represent a critical target for therapeutic intervention. Hence, it is extremely urgent to explore new therapeutic strategies directly targeting LSCs for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) therapy. We show here that Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), a major active component in Dong quai (Chinese Angelica sinensis), effectively inhibited human AML $CD34^+CD38^-$ cell proliferation in vitro culture in a dose-dependent manner while sparing normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells at physiologically achievable concentrations. Furthermore, ASP exerted cytotoxic effects on AML K562 cells, especially LSC-enriched $CD34^+CD38^-$ cells. Colony formation assays further showed that ASP significantly suppressed the formation of colonies derived from AML $CD34^+CD38^-$ cells but not those from normal $CD34^+CD38^-$ cells. Examination of the underlying mechanisms revealed that ASP induced $CD34^+CD38^-$ cell senescence, which was strongly associated with a series of characteristic events, including up-regulation of p53, p16, p21, and Rb genes and changes of related cell cycle regulation proteins P16, P21, cyclin E and CDK4, telomere end attrition as well as repression of telomerase activity. On the basis of these findings, we propose that ASP represents a potentially important agent for leukemia stem cell-targeted therapy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권10호
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• pp.931-937
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• 2007

The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare disease of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, low platelet count and renal impairment. HUS usually occurs in young children after hemorrhagic colitis by shigatoxin-producing enterohemorrhagic E. coli (D+HUS). HUS is the most common cause of acute renal failure in infants and young children, and is a substantial cause of acute mortality and morbidity; however, renal function recovers in most of them. About 10% of children with HUS do not reveal preceding diarrheal illness, and is referred to as D- HUS or atypical HUS. Atypical HUS comprises a heterogeneous group of thrombomicroangiopathy (TMA) triggered by non-enteric infection, virus, drug, malignancies, transplantation, and other underlying medical condition. Emerging data indicate dysregulation of alternative complement pathway in atypical HUS, and genetic analyses have identified mutations of several regulatory genes; i.e. the fluid phase complement regulator Factor H (CFH), the integral membrane regulator membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) and the serine protease Factor I (IF). The uncontrolled activation of the complement alternative pathway results in the excessive consumption of C3. Plasma exchange or plasma infusion is recommended for treatment of, and has dropped the mortality rate. However, overall prognosis is poor, and many patients succumb to end-stage renal disease. Clinical presentations, response to plasma therapy, and outcome after renal transplantation are influenced by the genotype of the complement regulators. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), another type of TMA, occurs mainly in adults as an acquired disease accompanied by fever, neurologic deficits and renal abnormalities. However, less frequent cases of congenital or hereditary TTP associated with ADAMTS-13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease, with thrombospondin 1-like domains 13) gene mutations have been reported, also. Recent advances in molecular genetics better allow various HUS to be distinguished on the basis of their pathogenesis. The genetic analysis of HUS is important in defining the underlying etiology, predicting the genotype-related outcome and optimizing the management of the patients.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2005

Purpose: Urgent diagnosis and treatment of the septic arthritis is required. The purpose of this study is to review to correlate preoperative MRI findings with arthroscopic findings in septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients with acute septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint were treated with combination of arthroscopic lavage, debridement, and systemic antibiotics. The arthroscopic staging of infection was made based on the modified criteria of $G\"{a}chter$ and five major findings of MRI were marked in each stage of septic shoulder. Results: Bone and cartilage erosion was the end stage finding and two patients with all five positive findings had failed with arthroscopic treatment. Reactive bone marrow edema was evident in the greater tuberosity. Joint effusion, synovial thickening and soft tissue edema were rather non-specific finding and presented in all stages of septic shoulder. Conclusion: Diffuse marrow edema with metaphyseal cyst formation in the preoperative MRI implied advanced stage of septic arthritis, which may fail with arthroscopic debridement.

• 트랜스-
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• 제3권
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• pp.87-107
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• 2017

본 논문에서 우리는 앙드레 바쟁이 제시한 영화에서의 리얼리즘 개념이 무엇인지 밝혀보고자 했다. 이를 위해 우리는 그의 영화비평을 중심으로 사실주의에 대한 기나긴 탐구과정을 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 우리는 다른 어느 매체보다 모방적 성격이 강한 영화매체가 자칫 예술이 아닌 자극적인 모방 기술로 전락하지 않을까 하는 그의 깊은 우려를 읽게 된다. 사진이나 영화가 처음 등장했을 때 사람들은 그 예술적 가치를 깨닫기 이전에 눈앞의 장면을 단순히 저장하거나 자극적인 장면을 모방하며 손쉽게 돈을 버는데 관심을 기울여왔다. 이렇듯 바쟁은 사실의 단순한 모방에서 비롯된 값싼 쾌감이 자본주의 논리와 결탁될 때 영화는 종속적인 매체로 전락하며 인간의 가치를 말할 수 없이 떨어뜨리게 된다는 점을 경고하고 있다. 따라서 그는 영화는 고유한 언어로써의 다양한 추상적 표현을 활용함으로써 단순한 모방적 차원을 넘어서야 한다고 주장한다. 이러한 바쟁의 리얼리즘에 대한 논의는 시각적 쾌감을 통해 자본주의 논리를 극단적으로 몰아붙이는 오늘날, 영화의 진정한 리얼리즘의 가치가 휴머니즘을 세우는 데 얼마나 중요한 의미가 있는지를 되새기고 있다는 점에서 그 의미가 있다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권25호
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• pp.133-154
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• 2011

양영순의 "천일야화"는 작가 자신에게도 첫 장편 극화라는 의미가 있는 작품이고, 우리나라 만화계에도 웹환경에 최적화된 양질의 웹툰의 시작이라는 의미가 있다. 본 논문은 원작과 차별적으로 재구성된 "천일야화"의 의미구조를 르네 지라르의 모방 욕망 이론과 희생양 메커니즘으로 설명해 보고자 했다. 작가는 매일 여성을 죽이는 왕, 샤 리야르의 수수께기와 같은 내면을 선왕과의 비교의식 위에 진짜 꿈을 잃고 왕비의 사랑이라는 잘못된 대상 추구에 빠져있던 어리석음으로 드러내고, 이와 대비되어 세라자드의 희생정신과 지혜를 보여주었다. 샤 리야르는 세라자드가 들려주는 다섯 이야기를 겪으며 자신을 사로잡고 있던 부정성을 발견하고 자신을 지탱해주고 있던 이들에 대한 감사와 원래의 꿈을 되찾았다. 양영순의 "천일야화"는 인간의 어리석고 어두운 측면을 적극적으로 끌어들여 공감대를 형성했기 때문에 결말부분에 가서는 주인공인 샤 리야르가 그 값을 치루는 희생양으로 죽임을 당한다. 그러나 긍정적인 힘을 보여주었던 세라자드가 낳는 그의 아들을 통하여 샤 리야르가 방황가운데 되찾은 꿈이 이루어지는 보완적인 완결을 이루었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.199-203
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• 1998

Acute hemodynamic effects of CJ-18513, a non-peptide angiotensin IIreceptor antagonist, were examined in mongrel dogs treated with high frequency ventricular pacing for one week. Rapid ventricular pacing reduced mean blood pressure (mBP), Lvdp/dt and cardiac output (CO), and increased the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Continuous infusion of CJ-10513 at doses of 10 and 20$\mu$g/kg/min, respectively, for 30 minutes reduced mBP, LVEDP and myocardial oxygen consumption rate (MVO,) and shifted the cardiac function curve (CO-LVEDP ourve) to the left in this dog model. In conclusion, CJ-10513 decreased the preload and afterload and increased the cardiac function in dogs with pacing-induced heart failure.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2014

Background: The aims of this study were to determine hippuric acid levels in urine samples, airborne toluene levels, acute and chronic neurological symptoms, and to describe any correlation between urinary hippuric acid and airborne toluene. Methods: The hippuric acid concentration in the urine of 87 paint workers exposed to toluene at work (exposed group), and 87 nonexposed people (control group) was studied. Study participants were selected from similar factories in the same region. Urine samples were collected at the end of a shift and analyzed for hippuric acid by high performance liquid chromatography. Air samples for the estimation of toluene exposure were collected with diffusive personal samplers and the toluene quantified using gas-liquid chromatography. The two groups were also interviewed and observed about their work practices and health. Results: The median of the 87 airborne toluene levels was 55 ppm (range, 12-198 ppm). The median urinary hippuric acid level was 800 mg/g creatinine (range, 90-2547 mg/g creatinine). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between airborne toluene exposure and urine hippuric acid levels (r = 0.548, p < 0.01). Workers with acute symptoms had significantly higher hippuric acid levels than those who did not (p < 0.05). It was concluded that there was a significant correlation between toluene exposure, hippuric acid levels, and health (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There appears to be a significant correlation between workers exposure to toluene at work, their urine hippuric acid levels, and resulting symptoms of poor health. Improvements in working conditions and occupational health education are required at these workplaces. There was good correlation between urinary hippuric acid and airborne toluene levels.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.473-483
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• 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the potential toxicity of 2-butoxyethanol after intratracheal instillation in male rats. Methods: In order to calculate median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of 2-butoxyethanol using Probit analysis with SAS program, the 2-butoxyethanol was administered with dose levels of 0, 101.64, 203.28 and 406.56 mg/kg by once intratracheal instillation to male rats. During the test period, clinical signs, mortality, body weights, organ weights, hematology, and serum biochemistry were examined. At the end of 14 days observation period, all animals were sacrificed and gross finding and histopathological examination were performed. Results: All animals of 406.56 mg/kg group died within 2 weeks after the administration of 2-butoxyethanol. Treatment-related clinical signs, gross observation and histopathological changes (mucous cell hyperplasia, alveolar macrophage aggregation, and hemorrhage) of lung exhibited an increased in 2-butoxyethanol treated groups in a dose dependent manner. However, there were no changes in the organ weights, hematology and serum biochemistry, and histopathology of any other organ except lung. Conclusions: On the basis of the results, it was concluded that a single intratracheal instillation of 2-butoxyethanol in male Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in some adverse effects on mortality, clinical sign, and histopathology in the lung. In the experimental conditions, the LD₅₀ of 2-butoxyethanol was considered to be 287.2 mg/kg and lung was founded to be the target organ of 2-butoxyethanol.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ribes khorasanicum (R. khorasanicum); a plant growing in north Khorasan of Iran; on cardiovascular and stress oxidative in acute hypertension induced by N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), anitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Methods: Rats were divided into Control, L-NAME (10 mg/kg), Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) (50 mg/kg) + L-NAME and three treated groups with R. khorasanicum (4, 12 and 24 mg/kg) groups + L-NAME. L-NAME and SNP were injected intravenously and extract intraperitoneal. In R. khorasanicum groups, L-NAME was injected 30 min after injection of the extract. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded continuously using power lab software. At the end of study oxidative stress parameters including of total thiol content (SH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in heart and aorta of all groups were also measured. Results: In groups 4 and 24 mg/kg extract +L-NAME, there was a non-significant decrease in SBP and MAP compared to L-NAME group but dose 12 mg/kg significantly attenuate the effect of L-NAME(P < 0.05). In L-NAME group the heart and aorta tissues antioxidant enzymes levels decreased, while in treated rats these enzymes significantly increased. Conclusion: The extract of R. khorasanicum in dose 12 mg/kg show anti-hypertensive effect that is mediated by an effect on NO system or antioxidant parameters.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2020

Background: Gut microflora contributes to the nutritional metabolism of the host and to strengthen its immune system. However, if the intestinal barrier function of the living body is destroyed by radiation exposure, the intestinal bacteria harm the health of the host and cause sepsis. Therefore, this study aims to trace short-term radiation-induced changes in the mouse gut microflora-dominant bacterial genus, and analyze the degree of intestinal epithelial damage. Materials and Methods: Mice were irradiated with 0, 2, 4, 8 Gy X-rays, and the gut microflora and intestinal epithelial changes were analyzed 72 hours later. Five representative genera of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were analyzed in fecal samples, and the intestine was pathologically analyzed by Hematoxylin-Eosin and Alcian blue staining. In addition, DNA fragmentation was evaluated by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Results and Discussion: The small intestine showed shortened villi and reduced number of goblet cells upon 8 Gy irradiation. The large intestine epithelium showed no significant morphological changes, but the number of goblet cells were reduced in a radiation dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the small intestinal epithelium of 8 Gy-irradiated mice showed significant DNA damaged, whereas the large intestine epithelium was damaged in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, the large intestine epithelium showed less recovery potential upon radiation exposure than the small intestinal epithelium. Analysis of the intestinal flora revealed fluctuations in lactic acid bacteria excretion after irradiation regardless of the morphological changes of intestinal epithelium. Altogether, it became clear that radiation exposure could cause an immediate change of their excretion. Conclusion: This study revealed changes in the intestinal epithelium and intestinal microbiota that may pave the way for the identification of novel biomarkers of radiation-induced gastrointestinal disorders and develop new therapeutic strategies to treat patients with acute radiation syndrome.