• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.105-118
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to improve the classification system of sub-divided land cover map among the land cover maps provided by the Ministry of Environment. To accomplish the purpose, first, the overseas country land cover map classification items were examined in priority. Second, the area ratio of each item established by applying the previous sub-divided classification system was analyzed. Third, the survey on the improvement of classification system targeting the users (experts and general public) who actually used the sub-divided land cover map was carried out. Fourth, a new classification system which improved the previous system by reclassifying 41 classification items into 33 items was finally established. Fifth, the established land cover classification items were applied on study area, and the land cover classification result according to the improvement method was compared with the previous classification system. Ilsan area in Goyang city where there are diverse geographic features with various land surface characteristics such as the urbanization area and agricultural land were distributed evenly were selected as the study area. The basic images used in this study were 0.25 m aerial ortho-photographs captured by the National Geographic Information Institute (NGII), and digital topographic map, detailed stock map plan, land registration map and administrative area map were used as the relevant reference data. As a result of applying the improved classification system into the study area, the area of culture-sports, leisure facilities was $1.84km^2$ which was approximately more than twice larger in comparison to the previous classification system. Other areas such as transportation and communication system and educational administration facilities were not classified. The result of this study has meaningful significance that it reflects the efficiency for the establishment and renewal of sub-divided land cover map in the future and actual users' needs.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Startups in Korea are experiencing for themselves the laws of survival through competition in the local and international market, and are performing active business movements based on these. Korea's economic growth rate is 2.6% due to the slump in the domestic demand and reduced exports brought by the MERSC incident in 2015. The Korea Development Institute has estimated the economic growth rate in 2016 to be around 3.0%. South Korea's economy is facing the crisis of low-growth solidification due to the decrease in economic growth, and it is forecasted that growth without employment and polarization will worsen. Startups in the high-tech industrial generation of a particular field wherein the market environment is rapidly changing must maintain a competitive advantage with the capabilities and functions exclusive to them. It is very important that they maintain a competitive edge by utilizing the capabilities exclusive to startup companies. Likewise, the accumulation of resources is also crucial in determining the success of a startup business. In a poor local startup ecosystem, majority of the startup companies are performing their business activities while striving for survival, rather than success. About 80% are struggling to survive and are failing to overcome the "Death Valley" faced 3-5 years after establishing the company. Since majority of the startups fail to achieve results during the initial stages of foundation, the importance of research on business activities and achievement during the early stages of establishment is being raised. In accordance to this, this research has performed an actual analysis on how the activities of startups during their preparation phase and early stages affect their achievements. A survey was done on the CEOs or executives (people in a position to make decisions) of local small and medium-sized enterprises that are considered start-ups, and 203 valid data were collected and analyzed. Results showed that the discoveries and utilized activities necessary for the businesses of startups have a significant impact on their achievement through the entrepreneur resources and external partners' cooperation; additionally, the related implications were discussed.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.127-136
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• 1998

On-line geometrical quality assurance system has been developed using electronic portal imaging system(OQuE). EPID system is networked into Pentium PC in order to transmit the acquisited images to analysis PC. Geometrical QA parameters, including light-radiation field congruence, collimator rotation axis, and gantry rotation axis can be easily analyzed with the help of graphic user interface(GUI) software. Equipped with the EPID (Portal Vision, Varian, USA), geometrical quality assurance of a linear accelerator (CL/2100/CD, Varian, USA), which is networked into OQuE, was performed to evaluate this system. Light-radiation field congruence tests by center of gravity analysis shows 0.2～0.3mm differences for various field sizes. Collimator (or Gantry) rotation axis for various angles could be obtained by superposing 4 shots of angles. The radius of collimator rotation axis is measured to 0.2mm for upper jaw collimator, and 0.1mm for lower jaw. Acquisited images for various gantry angles were rotated according to the gantry angle and actual center of image point obtained from collimator axis test. The rotated images are superpositioned and analyzed as the same method as collimator rotation axis. The radius of gantry rotation axis is calculated 0.3mm for anterior/posterior direction (gantry 0$^{\circ}$ and 170$^{\circ}$) and 0.7mm for right/left direction(gantry 90$^{\circ}$ and 260$^{\circ}$). Image acquisition for data analysis is faster than conventional method and the results turn out to be excellent for the development goal and accurate within a milimeter range. The OQuE system is proven to be a good tool for the geometrical quality assurance of linear accelerator using EPID.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.361-374
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to provide some basic data for effective prevention and oral health education for oral health. For that purpose, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the boys of three high schools in Gyeonggi Province. Methods : The questionnaire consisted of items about the practice of oral health control and knowledge of decay according to grade, number of snacking, preferred taste, and toothbrushing. Total 487 questionnaires were put to analysis using the SPSS WIN 13.0 program. Results : 1. The biggest number of the boys brushed their teeth twice a day. The 10th graders brushed teeth three times a day, and the 11th and 12th graders tended to brush teeth twice a day(${\chi}^2$=18.21, p<.05). 2. As for the way of toothbrushing, 39.0% of the boys said they brushed teeth the way they felt like, being followed by those who said they brushed teeth turning the toothbrush up and down and brushing both the teeth and gums(32.6%). As for the number of snacking, those who had snacks three times a day or more brushed teeth turning the toothbrush up and down and brushing both the teeth and gums. Those who hardly had snacks more tended to brush teeth the way they felt like than those who had snacks(${\chi}^2$=21.28, p<.05). And as for preferred tastes, those who preferred a sweet and salty taste more tended to brush teeth the way they felt like than others. And those who preferred a hot taste brushed teeth turning the toothbrush up and down and brushing both the teeth and gums(${\chi}^2$=26.85, p<.01). 3. The respondents' percentage of correct answers for 'Decay is caused by bacteria' was 81.5%. Those who preferred a hot taste recorded the highest percentage of correct answers(${\chi}^2$=21.95, p<.00). 4. Their percentage of correct answers for 'Decay is accompanied by pain from the beginning' was 78.2%. The 12th graders had the highest rate of correct answers, and the 11th graders had the highest rate of wrong answers(${\chi}^2$=11.56, p<.00). 5. Their percentage of correct answers for 'Fluorine is helpful to the prevention of decay' was 75.4%. Those who hardly had snacks recorded the highest rate of correct answers(${\chi}^2$=10.05, p<.02). 6. Their percentage of correct answers for 'There is a way to supply fluorine into the waterworks' was 29.2%, which means the percentage of wrong answers was much higher. The percentage of wrong answers was the highest in the 11th grade(${\chi}^2$=7.06, p<.03). 7. The respondents' mean scores of knowledge of decay were 13.15 of total 18. While the 12th graders showed the highest level of knowledge of decay, the 11th graders were lower in the level of knowledge of decay than the other graders. And there were significant differences(F=5.41, p<.01) according to grade with no such differences according to the number of snacking and preferred taste. Conclusions : Oral health education should be applied to the boys all through their life to have a great effect, and it is important that they should always put the oral health education into practice to be a successful education.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.203-212
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• 2006

With interests and participation in the costumeplay that mimics characters appeared on carton or animation in recent days, the costumeplay becomes one of cultural phenomena. Using a qualitative research method, this study identified costumeplayers' costume consumption pattern and explored its meanings from the perspective of consumption culture. Indeed, this study intended to help for understanding costumeplayer group as a consumer, and to provide basic knowledge about new market analysis related to fashion design and marketing. The results from the analyzing participant observation and in-depth interviews data are as follows: first, costumeplayers usually begin costumeplay by friends' invitations or by themselves and then continue on participating. Through the costumeplay, participants have benefits such as fun, departure from the daily life, and social interaction. Second, participants acquire costumes through purchase, rent, producing or combination of daily wear, but both purchase and rent account high. Third, the meanings of consumption culture in costumeplay include consumption behavior repeating possession and disposal. Also, costumeplayers concerns efficiency when purchasing or renting the costumes, and internet is a place where information search, comparison, and actual purchasing are occurred. Based on the results, fashion design and marketing implication, limitation of this study and further research ideas were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.140-160
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop computational thinking (CT) analysis tool that can be used to analyze CT practices; first, by defining what CT practices are, and then, by identifying which components of CT are reflected in STEAM classes. Exploring various kinds of CT practices, which can be identified while applying the proposed CT analysis tool for exemplary STEAM classes, is another goal of this study. Firstly, to answer the question of "What is CT in science education" and thereby to develop the proposed CT practice analysis tool, three types of published documents about CT definition as the main data in this study have been considered. In the first "analysis tool development" part of this study, the following five elements have been identified as the main components of CT analysis tool as follows; (1) connecting open problems with computing, (2) using tools or computers to develop computing artifact, (3) abstraction process, (4) analyzing and evaluating computing process and artifact, and (5) communicating and cooperating. Based on the understandings that there is a consistent flow among the five components due to their interactions, a flow chart of CT practice has also been developed. In the second part of this study, which is an implementation study, the proposed CT practice analysis tool has been applied in one exemplary STEAM program. To select the candidate STEAM program, four selection criteria have been identified. Then, the proposed CT practice analysis tool has been applied for the selected STEAM program to determine the degree of CT practice reflected in the program and furthermore, to suggest a way of improving the proposed CT analysis tool if it shows some weak points. Through the findings of this study, we suggest that the actual definition of computational thinking will be helpful to converge Technology and Engineering to STEAM education and a strong complement to reinforce STEAM education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1991

An experiment has been carefully designed and performed to verify the theory for the echointergration technique of estimating the density of fish school by the use of steel spheres in a laboratory tank. The spheres used to simulate a fish school were randomly distributed throughout the insonified volume to produce the acoustic echoes similar to those scattered from real fish schools. The backscattered echoes were measured as a function of target density at tow frequencies of 50kHz and 200kHz. Data acquisition, processing and analysis were performed by means of the microcomputer-based sonar-echo processor including a FFT analyzer. Acoustic scattering characteristics of a 36cm mackerel was investigated by measuring fish echoes with frequencies ranging from 47.8kHz to 52.0kHz. The fluctuation of bottom echoes caused by the effects of fish-school attenuation and multiple scattering which occurred in dense aggregations of fishes was also examined by analyzing the echograms of sardine schools obtained by a 50kHz telesounder in the set-net's bagnet, and the echograms obtained by a scientific echo sounder of 50kHz in the East China Sea, respectively. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The measured and the calculated echo shapes on the steel sphere used to simulate a fish school were in close agreement. 2. The waveform and amplitude of echo signals by a mackerel without swimbladder fluctuated irregularly with the measuring frequency. 3. When a collection of 30 targets/m super(3) lied the shadow region behind another collection of 5 targets/m super(3), the mean losses in echo energy for the 30 targets/m super(3) were about -0.4dB at 50kHz and about -0.2dB at 200kHz, respectively. 4. In the echograms obtained in the East China Sea, the bottom echoes fluctuated remarkably when the dense aggregations of fish appeared between transducer and seabed. Especially, in the case of the echograms of sardine school obtained in a set-net's bagnet, the disappearance of bottom echoes and the lengthening of the echo trace by fish aggregations were observed. Then the mean density of the sardine school was estimated as 36 fish/m super(3). It suggests that when the distribution density of fishes in oceans is greater than this density, the effects of fish-school attenuation and multiple scattering must be taken into account as a possible source of error in fish abundance estimates. 5. The relationship between mean backscattering strength (, dB) and target density ($\rho$, No./m super(3)) were expressed by the equations: =-46.2+13.7 Log($\rho$) at 50kHz and =-43.9+13.4 Log($\rho$) at 200kHz. 6. The difference between the experimentally derived number and the actual number of targets gradually decreased with an increase in the target density and was within 20% when the density was 30 targets/m super(3). From these results, we concluded that when the number of targets in the insonified volume is large, the validity of the echo-integration technique of estimating the density of fish schools could be expected.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.131-150
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• 2011

The purpose of this study vocational courses in general high schools in each city in order to operate efficiently. Provinces operating status and the general high school vocational courses through the regular high school vocational courses siltae analysis to identify operational problems, and that is to derive ways to improve. Operating in the desired direction, the typical high school vocational courses ilbango select students that meet the purpose of operating as one that students admit you need the correct promotion and career guidance and vocational courses ilbango teachers of vocational courses is operating correctly recognize the purpose and students with career guidance and vocational courses so that you can operate effectively at: Provincial Office-wide need to conduct a systematic study. Vocational courses also target students ilbango sosokgyo (wonjeokgyo) to be completed in the course stated in the plan for the school and the need to practice, and professional students ilbango by configuring a separate class is most preferable to operate. If the person is prime target, with each region run by creating a class needs to definitely consider. Entrusted to the agency's key performance improvements in order to improve the employment rate in the direction of promotional materials for the students selected to take advantage of college enrollment than the employment data for the students and their parents ilbango vocational courses for the purpose and intent is necessary to provide accurate information In addition, the employment rate is relatively low industrial (information) to install the school department employment, and employment representatives (industry-academia co-coordinator), and by placing career paths and industries to ensure the needs of industry, including working conditions and students who wish adjusting to the role, and industrial college (2 years), industrial (information) through the school's agreement to the aggressive promotional schemes seonchwieop hujinhak. Getting the need to encourage. Vocational courses ilbango in the new and the abolition, rather than the case of some popular course when you are away from work and there, so if the course-changing industry, new or repealed to reflect the demands of social work and careful review of how to connect carefully to decide by. Commissioned a systematic quality management in education, in terms of industry (information) schools and public vocational training institutions or private vocational school is better than school. However, 16 cities across the country. Also only five of the major cities around the school has industry information. Ilbango vocational courses at the expected continued demand. Degrees, the operation in terms of comparative advantage in many ways the school's new industry information is necessary to consider.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

As the IT environment becomes more sophisticated, various threats and their associated serious risks are increasing. Threats such as DDoS attacks, malware, worms, and APT attacks can be a very serious risk to enterprises and must be efficiently managed in a timely manner. Therefore, the government has designated the important system as the main information communication infrastructure in consideration of the impact on the national security and the economic society according to the 'Information and Communication Infrastructure Protection Act', which, in particular, protects the main information communication infrastructure from cyber infringement. In addition, it conducts management supervision such as analysis and evaluation of vulnerability, establishment of protection measures, implementation of protection measures, and distribution of technology guides. Even now, security consulting is proceeding on the basis of 'Guidance for Evaluation of Technical Vulnerability Analysis of Major IT Infrastructure Facilities'. There are neglected inspection items in the applied items, and the vulnerability of APT attack, malicious code, and risk are present issues that are neglected. In order to eliminate the actual security risk, the security manager has arranged the inspection and ordered the special company. In other words, it is difficult to check against current hacking or vulnerability through current system vulnerability checking method. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for extracting diagnostic data regarding the necessity of upgrading system vulnerability check, a check item that does not reflect recent trends, a technical check case for latest intrusion technique, a related study on security threats and requirements. Based on this, we investigate the security vulnerability management system and vulnerability list of domestic and foreign countries, propose effective security vulnerability management system, and propose further study to improve overseas vulnerability diagnosis items so that they can be related to domestic vulnerability items.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2020

Particulate matter levels are rapidly increasing daily, and this can affect human health. Therefore, air pollutant emissions from sea vessels require management. This study evaluates the status of air pollutants, focusing on air pollutant emissions from the vessels of the Korea Coast Guard (KCG), and proposes national management measures to reduce emissions. According to a report recently released (2018) by the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), emissions from vessels constituted 6.4 % of the total domestic emissions, including 13.1 % NO_x, 10.9 % SO_x, and 9.6 % particulate matter (PM10/PM2.5). Among the rates of pollutant emission from vessels, the emission rates of domestic and overseas cargo vessels were the highest (50.6 %); the ratio of fishing boats was 42.6 %. With respect to jurisdictional sea area, 44.1 % of the emissions are from the south sea, including the Busan and Ulsan ports, and 24.8 % of the emissions are from the west sea, including the Gwangyang and Yeosu ports. The KCG inspects boarding lines to manage emission conditions and regulate air pollutant emissions, but it takes time and effort to operate various discharge devices and measure fuel oil standards. In addition, owing to busy ship schedules, inspection documents are limited in terms of management. Therefore, to reduce the air pollutant emissions of such vessels, regulations will be strengthened to check for air pollutants, and a monitoring system based on actual field data using KCG patrol ships will be established, for each sea area, to manage the emissions of such vessels. Furthermore, there is a need for technological development and institutional support for the introduction of environmentally friendly vessels.