• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2015

Objectives: To investigate safety and health management, conditions in factories or facilities handling radiation-generating devices and radioactive isotopes were reviewed in terms of regulations of radiation safety control in Korea. Radiation exposure levels generated at those facilities were directly measured and evaluated for establishing an effective safety and health management plan. Methods: Government organizations with laws and systems of radiation safety and health were investigated and compared. There are three laws governing radiation-related employment such as occupational safety and health acts, nuclear safety acts, and medical service acts. We inspected 12 workplaces as research objects:four workplaces that manufacture and assemble semiconductor devices, three non-destructive inspection workplaces that perform inspections on radiation penetration, and five workplaces in textile and tire manufacturing. Monitoring of radiation exposure was performed through two methods. Spatial and surface monitoring using real-time radiation instruments was performed on each site handling radiation generating devices and radioactive isotopes in order to identify radiation leakage. Results: According to the occupational safety and health act, there is no legal obligation to measure ionizing radiation and set dose limits. This can cause confusion in the application of the laws, because the scopes and contents are different from each other. Surface dose rates in radiation generating devices such as implanters, thickness gages and accelerators, which were registered according to nuclear safety acts, using surveymeters, and seven of 36 facilities(19.4%) exceeded the international standards for surface radiation dose of $10{\mu}Sv/hr$. Conclusions: The results showed that occupational health and safety acts require a separate provision for measuring and assessing the radiation exposure of workers performing radiation work. Like noise, ionizing radiation will also periodically be controlled by including it in the object factors of work-environment measurement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.319-330
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• 2009

The contents of clothing and textiles area of elementary home economics textbooks from 1948 to 1955 were investigated. Home economics of elementary school education in those days corresponds to practice acts of elementary school education in present. Practical acts has the all-around concepts of the agriculture, industry and home economics Also the knowledge or skill for actual life are teamed. Practical acts education was started from lessons of sewing for women under title of 'jaebong'. It can be said that practical acts education was started from clothing and textiles area. The home economics elementary textbooks of the year 1948 were composed of 21 units for 5th grade and 22 units for 6th grade. The textbook for 5th grade of 1953 was composed of 19 units, and one for 6th grade of 1955 was composed of 18 units. The clothing and textiles area accounts for 38.6% in 5th grade textbook, for 32% in 6th grade textbook of 1948 and for 31% in 5th grade of 1953 and 6th grade textbooks of 1955. The textbook contents of clothing and textiles area were classified into five fields of sewing, knitting. patching, embroidering and care. In 1948, textbooks were placed a great deal of weight on sewing field education as 7 units of 15 units. The 7 units for sewing fields have suitable connection to develop. But, in the case of knitting, patching or care, just groundwork of each field was included for application to actual life without vertical connection. The contents of textbooks for clothing and textiles area in 1953 and 1955 were much alike with those in 1948.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.52-59
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• 2022

Conventionally, all the unsafe acts by human beings in relation to industrial accidents have been regarded as unintentional human errors. Exceptionally, however, in the cases with fatalities, seriously injured workers, and/or losses that evoked social issues, attention was paid to violating related laws and regulations for finding out some people to be prosecuted and given judicial punishments. As Heinrich stated, injury or loss in an accident is quite a random variable, so it can be unfair to utilize it as a criterion for prosecution or punishment. The present study was conducted to comprehend how categorizing intentional violations in unsafe acts might disrupt conventional conclusions about the industrial accident process. It was also intended to seek out the right direction for countermeasures by examining unsafe acts comprehensively rather than limiting the analysis to human errors only. In an analysis of 150 industrial accident cases that caused fatalities and featured relatively clear accident scenarios, the results showed that only 36.0% (54 cases) of the workers recognized the situation they confronted as risky, out of which 29.6% (16 cases) thought of the risk as trivial. In addition, even when the risks were recognized, most workers attempted to solve the hazardous situations in ways that violated rules or regulations. If analyzed with a focus on human errors, accidents can be attributed to personal deviations. However, if considered with an emphasis on safety rules or regulations, the focus will naturally move to the question of whether the workers intentionally violated them or not. As a consequence, failure of managerial efforts may be highlighted. Therefore, it was concluded that management should consider unsafe acts comprehensively, with violations included in principle, during accident investigations and the development of countermeasures to prevent future accidents.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.697-709
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• 2020

In this paper, the class of quasi-annihilator (homo)flat acts based on the notion of quasi-annihilator ideal is introduced. This class lies strictly between the classes of weakly (homo)flat and principally weakly (homo)flat acts. Some properties of such kinds of flatness are studied. We present some homological classifications for monoids by means of quasiannihilator (homo)flatness of their right Rees factor acts.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07f
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• pp.2537-2539
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• 1999

In order to widen the radius of electric vehicle (EV) travel recharging points must be provided in sufficient numbers and at convenient places. The cost of providing side an infrastructure is at preset, not well documented and this lack of information acts as a detersent to prospective insestors in EV technology. This paper acts as a preliminancy investigation into the cost of infrastructure is the different situation i.e for the private owner, the fleet owner or for the public. It provides an overview of the items required and this relative costs. Cost will however, vary from country to country and application to application, and this paper two acts purely as guide to the type of equipment and its relative costs.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.165-185
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• 2012

Franchising has proved over many years to be a successful commercial vehicle for the international distribution of products and services. However, there has long been missing a user-friendly model contract that would reflect the diversity of international franchising contracts. Because the ICC has drafted a model form of international franchising contracts, taking into account the most commonly encountered clauses in franchising agreements, their model could be used as a checklist of the core obligations of a cross-border franchise contract. Because there is no internationally agreed-upon uniform legislation on franchising, parties must rely on national laws and regulations applicable to the international franchise (when such laws and regulations exist) and should therefore very carefully draft stipulations for the legal status of the contract. This study has been intended to cite some provisions for striking a fair balance between the interests of the franchisor and those of the franchisee and for avoiding unfair trade acts in international franchising contracts.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.99-101
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• 2006

Auto-Cross Correlated time series (ACTS) model was constructed by using the backpropagation neural network. The performance of ACTS model was evaluated with sensor information collected from a large volume, industrial plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. A total of 18 sensor information were collected. The effect of inclusion of past and future information were examined. For all but three sensor information with a large data variance demonstrated a prediction error less than 3%. By integrating ACTS model into equipment software, process quality can be more stringently monitored while improving device throughput.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.26-32
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• 1994

It is quite similar in the current automated works likewise in the past manual works that single trivial human error and/or unsafe acts may lead to serious industrial accidents. Though the traditional approach for accident prevention focused on the serious injuries or losses, that was misleaded by failure of accident perception. As Heinrich pointed out, there are still enormous numbers of unsafe acts or near-misses before a real accident happen. Thus, for industrial accident prevention, a research on unsafe acts was committed. With accident data occurred during the last decade, statistics were analyzed for extracting behavioral characteristics. After that, a practical method Integrating AHP and statistics which shows possible accident factors and their priority at an individual factory was suggested. A computer program was developed also.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 1982.07a
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• pp.105-120
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• 1982

The circular cylindrical piles are extensively used in near shore structures. For the purpose of analysing stability of vertical pile, we must consider the horizontal force, the lift force, and the traverse force etc. In this paper author studied horizontal force acts on the vertical circular pile and investigated the relation between the floating body coefficients C$$ and U$$T/D.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.311-320
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• 2007

Interrogative sentences are generally used to perform speech acts of directly asking a question or making a request, but they are also used to convey such speech acts indirectly. In the utterances, such indirect uses of interrogative sentences usually carry speaker's emotion with a negative attitude, which is close to an expression of anger. The identification of such negative emotion is known as a difficult problem that requires relevant information in syntax, semantics, discourse, pragmatics, and speech signals. In this paper, we argue that the interrogatives used for indirect speech acts could serve as a dominant marker for identifying the emotional attitudes, such as anger, as compared to other emotion-related markers, such as discourse markers, adverbial words, and syntactic markers. To support such an argument, we analyze the dialogues collected from the Korean soap operas, and examine individual or cooperative influences of the emotion-related markers on emotional realization. The user study shows that the interrogatives could be utilized as a promising device for emotion identification.