• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.409-413
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• 2022

Objective: This study aims to compare the range of motion of the joints by applying the contraction and relaxation techniques used in manual therapy as electrical stimulation treatment. Based on this, we would like to propose the possibility of using motor nerve electrical stimulation therapy for musculoskeletal physical therapy. Design: Single-arm interventional study Methods: Active and passive straight leg raising tests were performed on 20 healthy men and women in their 20s to measure the angle of hip joint flexion. Then, the electrical stimulation time was set to 10 seconds and 5 seconds of rest, and motor nerve electrical stimulation of 1 Hz was applied with the maximum strength that could withstand the hamstring muscles for 10 minutes. After electrical stimulation, straight leg raising tests again to confirm the range of motion of the hip joint flexion. Results: As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the joint range of motion was significantly improved for both active and passive straight leg raising tests after application of motor nerve electrical stimulation(p<.05). Conclusions: With a strong electrical stimulation treatment of 1 Hz, the effect similar to the contraction and relaxation technique used in manual therapy was confirmed through the joint range of motion. In the future, motor nerve electrical stimulation therapy can be used for musculoskeletal physical therapy to provide a new approach for patients with reduced pain and joint range of motion due to muscle tension.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 1999

Background and Purpose. Objective measurements of hamstring muscle length are needed to quantify baseline limitations and to document the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Several indirect clinical tests for measuring hamstring muscle length are available, but influence of their test procedure is not well documented. The purpose of this study were 1) to describe hamstring muscle length as reflected by use of six tests(active straight leg raising(ASLR), passive straight leg raising(PSLR), passive straight leg raising with the lower back flat(PSLRB), active knee extension(AKE), passive knee extension(PKE), hip joint angle(HJA). 2) to examine the correlation among the tests. Subjects, Sixty subjects(30 men. 30 women) ranging in age from 18 to 25 years(mean 20.2 years) and with no limitation hamstring flexibility and no neurological and orthopedical problems. Methods. All subjects performed six tests. A inclinometer was used to determine the end point of range of motion. HJA was measured using an inclinometer placed over the sacrum. PSLRB were tested PSLR with the low back flat and the opposite thigh slightly flexed and support on pillows. Results, A mean ASLR value of 85.9 degrees, PSLR value of 99.9 degrees, PSLRB value of 109.8 degrees, AKE value of 77.2 degrees PKE value of 83.1 degrees and HJA value of 73.0 degrees were obtained for all subjects. A dependent t-test showed significant difference between the angles of ASLR and PSLR(p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the angles of PSLR and PSLRB(p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the angles of AKE and PKE(p<0.001). The highest correlation was between PSLR and PSLRB(r=0.915, p<0.001). All SLR tests were significants related(p<0.001), as well as AKE and PKE(p<0.001). The lowest correlation was between PKE and HJA(r=0.171. p>0.05). Conclusion and Discussion. The results indicated that the hip flexion angles for ASLR, PSLR and PSLRB were a difference, and the knee extension angles for AKE and PKE were a difference.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects using pressure biofeedback and teaching abdominal hollowing exercise on pelvic stabilization during the active straight leg raising test. METHOD: The subjects were divided into 3 groups who were fourty eight healthy participants, aged 20~25 years recruited for this study. First group wad control group. This group didn't any education. Second group was teaching them for a week. And last group was teaching abdominal hollowing exercise. The rotation angles of pelvic were measured by the motion anayalyser on flat surface and on form roll for the active leg raising. RESULT: Using pressure biofeedback and teaching abdominal hollowing exercise groups were significantly effective than control group in rotation angles of pelvis. And using pressure biofeedback group was more effective than teaching core stability muscles contraction group. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that patients with low back pain and pelvic instability can improve pelvic stabilization through pressure biofeedback and teaching abdominal hollowing exercise.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.166-172
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• 2018

Purpose: This study compared the different sling and resistance exercises on pelvic rotation during active straight leg raises (ASLR) and on pain in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: Twenty subjects were divided randomly into a sling group (SG) and a resistance exercise group (REG). Internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), rectus abdominis (RA), and rectus femoris (RF) muscle activity; pelvic rotation angle during ASLR; and visual analogue scale, pressure pain threshold were measured. Sling and resistance exercises were then performed for 30 minutes and the measurements taken again. Results: Both groups showed significantly lower RF muscle activity and significantly higher EO and IO muscle activity (p<0.05). The RA muscle activity decreased significantly in the SG, but increased significantly in the REG (p<0.05). The pelvic rotation angle was significantly lower in the SG (p<0.05). The pain press threshold increased significantly in both groups (p<0.05). The visual analogue scale decreased significantly in the SG (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both exercises appear to be beneficial for modifying the muscle activity and pain control in the intervention of CLBP. On the other hand, the sling was more effective in increasing the pressure threshold than resistance exercise, and the pelvic rotation angle was reduced. Therefore, both exercises can help patients with CLBP change their muscle activity and control pain. CLBP patients should use a sling for short periods of time to learn to reduce the pain and control pelvic rotation.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.135-143
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) relaxation technique (hold relax; HR, contract relax; CR) and static stretch (SS) on hamstring flexibility and vertical jump performance in healthy adults over a four-week period. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adults volunteered to participate in PNF and static stretch sessions. The subjects were divided into three groups as follows: 8 subjects in the SS group, 8 subjects in the HR group, and 8 subjects in the CR group. In the HR and CR groups, contractions lasted 15 seconds per trial and consisted of 5 sets of 15 seconds of hamstring contraction immediately followed by 15 seconds of passive static hamstring stretching. For the static group, the participants were asked to stretch by hanging a leg over a table for 30 seconds. Subjects in all groups performed the exercises three days per week for 4 weeks. The active straight leg raising (ASLR) test, active knee extension (AKE) test, and vertical jump test were performed before the intervention and after 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Results: The SS, HR, and CR techniques effected positive improvement in hamstring flexibility and vertical jump performances but neither of the stretching methods had any statistically significant different effects according to group, although there were interactions (between group and time) in the ALSR group from 1 week to 2 week and in the AKE test from pretest to 1 week. Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, SS, HR, and CR were shown to affect hamstring flexibility and vertical jump performance in healthy adults. In particular, it was determined that within a short period, hamstring flexibility could be attributed more to CR than to SS.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether applying ultrasound after stretching the erector spinae muscle is an effective method for normal adults as a way to restore reduced back flexibility that causes back pain. Methods: The study was conducted on 60 healthy volunteers divided randomly into four groups (control group, stretching group, ultrasound group, ultrasound after stretching group). The flexibility-promoting effects were determined by assessing, each group, at the time of treatment, pre and post by modified fingertip to-floor (MFTF) and active straight leg raising (ASLR). The data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA repeated measure with significant level α=.05. Results: Each group showed statistically significant changes in MFTF distance and ASLR degree. In the post-hoc test about this result, the length of MFTF and degree of ASLR in ultrasound after stretching group increased significantly compared to the others. Conclusion: The results suggest that using ultrasound after stretching is far more effective in increasing the flexibility of the erector spinae than using stretching or ultrasound intervention.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2012

This study aimed to assess the effects of progressive lumbar stability exercises and lumbar stability exercises on changes in the transversus abdominis muscle thickness and lower extremity muscle fatigue index in soccer players. Ten subjects were assigned to undergo training in each of the 2 groups, namely, the progressive lumbar stability exercise group and lumbar stability exercise group. Each intervention session lasted for 30 min, and 4 sessions were conducted in a week for 6 weeks for soccer players of S. University in Jeonnam, Korea. Changes in the transversus abdominis muscle thickness and lower extremity muscle fatigue index were measured using ultrasound and surface electromyogram. The results of the ultrasound measurement for the transversus abdominis muscle thickness indicated that progressive lumbar stability exercises were more effective than lumbar stability exercises. The results of the lower extremity muscle fatigue index measurements using surface electromyogram indicated that the fatigue index decreased in the progressive lumbar stability exercise group. Progressive lumbar stability exercise is believed to have put more workload during the shaking of the limbs, leading to increased stability and increased efficiency of the lower extremity muscle, thereby decreasing the fatigue index. Therefore, progressive lumbar stability exercises can be an effective measure for preventing injuries and improving the game performance of sports players by increasing the transversus abdominis muscle thickness and decreasing the lower extremity muscle fatigue index.