• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.235-240
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• 2006

The oral administration of extracts of young radishes cultivated with sulfur after intravenous tumor cell injection achieved a marked reduction of pulmonary colonization in mice. Treatment of the mice with extracts of young radish cultivated with sulfur did not show any increase in the number of CD8+ or NK T cells in the spleen, indicating no influence on host immunity. Sulforaphane, which could be a candidate for an active compound from young radishes cultivated with sulfur, inhibited cell growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells. In addition, extracts of the young radish cultivated with sulfur-fed group showed enhanced quinine reductase (QR) activities in the liver and lung and a slight increase of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the liver. These results suggested that the administration of extracts of young radishes cultivated with sulfur suppressed pulmonary tumorigenesis, possibly due to increased activity of detoxification enzymes in the liver and lung, and partly due to cell cytotoxicity.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.436-441
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• 1996

The palmitoyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) specific thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.14) from Iris pseudoacorus was purified and characterized. The thioesterase which was very unstable in relatively high salt concentrations was eluted using a co-gradient of Triton X-100 and low concentration of KCl or Na-phosphate from Q-Sepharose, DEAE-Sepharose, and hydroxyapatite chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis showed a single band with a molecular weight of 35,000. The native molecular weight of approximately 37,000 was estimated by Sephacryl S-200 chromatography, indicating that the enzyme is a monomer. The thioesterase activity was inhibited about 75% and 50% by N-ethylmaleimide (2 mM) and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (2 mM). respectively. The N-ethylmaleimide-inactivation was protected by sodium palmitate but the inactivation with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride was not protected. Oxidation of thiols by 2 mM 5.5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) resulted in 65% inactivation of the enzyme. These results suggest that a cysteinyl residue is essential to the catalytic reaction of the enzyme. The enzyme activity was increased by sodium citrate and also by $Cu^{2+}$

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.37-44
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• 2001

Objectives : Cellular death by apoptosis is an active process, depending on gene transcription and protein synthesis. It was reported that nitric oxide can induce apoptosis in several cancer cell-lines. We have previously observed that proliferation of Ll210 cells was inhibited by the administration of Gleditsiae Spina water extract (GE). In this present study, the mechanism of inhibitory action on the proliferation of L l210 cells was examined. Methods : The cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and DNA fragmentation was determined by a flow cytometry. Results : The administration of GE decreased proliferation of L1210 cells and enhanced DNA fragmentation in vivo system. DNA fragmentation of L1210 cells was enhanced by co-culture of peritoneal macrophages obtained from GE-administered mice in vitro and it was partly inhibited by L-NMMA, nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor. In addition, GE increased nitric oxide production from peritoneal macrophages of L1210-transplanted mice. Conclusions : These results suggest that the inhibitory action of GE on proliferation of transplanted-L1210 cells is partly caused by an induction of apoptosis via production of nitric oxide in macrophages.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.304-314
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting burnout among clinical nurses according to Positive Psychological Capital. Methods: The study design was a descriptive survey and questionnaires were collected from 412 clinical nurses who worked in a general hospital in "J" city. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson Correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: In Model individual characteristics accounted for 27.8% of the influence on burnout. In model II with the addition of the 4 factors; Self-efficacy, Hope, Resilience, Optimism, individual characteristics accounted for 48.5% of the influence on burnout. Optimism and Resilience of the Positive Psychological Capital sub-variables were statistically useful as factors influencing burnout. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is necessary to develop active human resource management and educational programs to decrease burnout and strengthen the Positive Psychological Capital of the nurses.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.11-15
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• 2015

Purpose - Robot path planning, a constrained optimization problem, has been an active research area with many methods developed to tackle it. This study proposes the use of a Rapidly-exploring Random Tree and Particle Swarm Optimizer algorithm for path planning. Research design, data, and methodology - The grid method is built to describe the working space of the mobile robot, then the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree algorithm is applied to obtain the global navigation path and the Particle Swarm Optimizer algorithm is adopted to obtain the best path. Results - Computer experiment results demonstrate that this novel algorithm can rapidly plan an optimal path in a cluttered environment. Successful obstacle avoidance is achieved, the model is robust, and performs reliably. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation studies. Conclusions - The findings could provide insights to the validity and practicability of the method. This method makes it is easy to build a model and meet real-time demand for mobile robot navigation with a simple algorithm, which results in a certain practical value for distribution environments.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.25-34
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• 2010

While jujubes are mainly sold in dried forms as wholesome foods, sacrificial food and so on, processed foods from jujube are neither highly recognized nor in high demand. Hence, this study has proposed ways to enhance the demand for jujube processed foods and will help prepare the ground for efficient marketing strategies, based on the survey result on the pattern in which customers in Korea purchase jujube-processed foods. The conclusion for this study has been derived by researching the relevant literature and analyzing the relevant company data and customer survey results. The study implies the following points regarding enhancing the demand for jujube-processed foods. First, long-term solutions are necessary. These may include establishing a technological system that can produce various foods processed from jujubes, and improving the customer accessibility in accordance with the changes in the retail environment. To implement these solutions, it is necessary to familiarize the customers with jujube-processed foods by securing a good sales network and through active promotion and advertising. Second, systematic marketing strategies are needed, which may be applied in developing the products as well as distribution and promotion methods and prices that correspond with the changes in the customer environment and the different tastes for various age, gender and residential area groups.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.449-460
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• 1997

Single and 4 weeks oral administration of l-muscone, a major active ingredient of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs(3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with single dosage of 2,000 mg/kg and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of l-muscone, 0.2 mg/kg/day(low dosage group), 2 mg/kg/day(middle dosage group), or 20 mg/kg/day(high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration(1996.4.16). $LD_{50}$ value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 mg/kg on oral route for both male and females. In animals administered with l-muscone, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical signs, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other findings. No histolopathological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggest that l-muscone in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.258-264
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• 1998

Nephroprotective effects of a crude drug-preparation (Ekongsan) were determined from cisplatin induced renal injury in vivo and in vitro. Ekongsan decreased cisplatin induced the cytotoxicity on rabbit kidney proximal tubule and human renal cortical cells by MTT assays and sustained glucose consumption on cisplatin-induced human renal cortical tissue. Levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum after administration of cisplatin (0.75 mg/kg, i.p.) to Ekongsan (0.75 g/kg/d, p.o.) pretreated rats were markedly lower compared to those of cisplatin-treated rats. Moreover, the administration of Ekongsan significantly inhibited the loss of body weight of cisplatin-injected rats. These findings suggest that Ekongsan is an active prescription in protection against nephrotoxicity of cisplatin.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2011

With the confirmation of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and as cheap foreign agricultural products are beginning to be freely distributed in Korea, the government has taken a greater interest in securing the competitiveness of domestic agriculture. Accordingly, the Korean government has presented plans to advance the interests of 'small but strong farmers' and secure their competitiveness in line with the agricultural conditions in Korea. The government also announced that it will focus on leading these efforts in rural areas. The main thrust of this plan to support 'small but strong farmers' focuses onutilizing advanced peripheral technologies such as IT and BT; however, there are only a few Information Management Division centers currentlyoperating across the nation, and these are mainly in the IT-related divisions of the Agricultural Research and Extension Services and Agricultural Technology Centers. Therefore, in this study, we used the responses from a survey of farmers to identify regional differences in informatization levels and the digital divide among 'small but strong farmers' according to the presence or absence of an Information Management Division center. As a result, we found that the 'small but strong farmers' in regions with an active Information Management Division center received more IT services and had a higher level of informatization. Thus, to increase the use of IT-related peripheral technology by these 'small but strong farmers', it is important to maintain or increase the number of Information Management Division centers.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.265-276
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to draw employee support program at the company level through field survey of foreign laborers' satisfaction level of working life. To analyze the factors that determine working life satisfaction, regression analysis was conducted. Satisfaction level of working hours(t=2.469), living environment(t=2.140), post offices/banks (t=3.024) showed a statistically significant. Also these variables, working hours, living environment, post office/banks are verified to be very important for improving the level of their working life. Through these findings we can understand that employee support activities, providing user-guide of bank and post office, compliance with standards for working hours, improvement of the living conditions (accommodation, meals, etc.), the leisure time program support, the children care support and active utilization of foreign workers and strengthen the educational program, are necessary to improve the satisfaction level of foreign laborers' working life in Korea. It is recommended that managers need to recognize that careful consideration of living and working condition could contribute to stable settlement and increase working life satisfaction for the foreign workers at company level.