• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.2483-2488
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• 2012

The X-ray line broadening technique was used to calculate the grain size of MgO at 1023, 1123, 1223 K respectively either in $CO_2$ or during the thermal decomposition of magnesites in air as well as in vacuum. By referring to the conventional grain growth equation, $D^n=kt$, the activation energy and pre-exponential factor for the process in air are gained as 125.8 kJ/mol and $1.56{\times}10^8\;nm^4/s$, respectively. Ranman spectroscopy was employed to study the surface structure of MgO obtained during calcination of magnesite, by which the mechanism of grain growth was analyzed and discussed. It is suggested that a kind of highly reactive MgO is produced during the thermal decomposition of magnesites, which is exactly the reason why the activation energy of the grain growth during the thermal decomposition of magnesite is lower than that of bulk diffusion or surface diffusion.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2002

This study was investigated the thermal decomposition characteristics of azo type sponge blowing agent azodicarbonamide(ADCA) using differential scanning calorimeter(DSC). The experimental results showed that the exothermic onset $temperatures(T_{o})$ for ADCA were about $201{\sim}206^{\circ}C$ and evolution heats(Q) were about $144{\sim}150cal/g$. The exothermic onset $temperatures(T_{o})$, exothermic maximum $temperature(T_{m})$ and exothermic final $temperature(T_{f})$ were decreased by decreasing particle size of ADCA and evolution heats(Q) were increased with it. $T_{o}$ and Q for $6.1{\sim}7.2{\mu}m$ ADCA were increased by increasing heating rate at constant sample weight and activation energy was about 37.29kcal/mol. A positive gas pressure was employed in the elucidation of the decomposition behavior of ADCA because it sublimes during linear heating at atmospheric pressure. $T_{o}$ and Q of ADCA tended to increase with a pressure in air or nitrogen. In the case of azo dye, experimental results showed that $T_{o}$ were about $280{\sim}420^{\circ}C$ and Q were about $2{\sim}30cal/g$.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2009

The thermal decomposition behavior and degradation characteristics off our different thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCPs) were studied. The thermal decomposition behavior was determined by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates in nitrogen and air. The order of the thermal stability was as follows: multi-aromatic polyester > hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA)/hydroxynaphthoic acid (HNA) copolyester > HNA/hydroxyl acetaniline (HAA)/terephthalic acid (TA) copolyester > HBA/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) copolyester. The activation energies of the thermal degradation were calculated by four multiple heating rate methods: Flynn-Wall, Friedman, Kissinger, and Kim-Park. The Flynn-Wall and Kim-Park methods were the most suitable methods to calculate the activation energy. Samples were exposed to an accelerated degradation test (ADT), under fixed conditions of heat ($63{\pm}3^{\circ}C$), humidity ($30{\pm}4%$) and Xenon arc radiation ($1.10\;W/m^2$), and the changes in surface morphology and color difference with time were determined. The TLCPs decomposed, discolored and cracked upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2006

Polymeric floorings mainly consisted of PVC are easily decomposed by many kinds of hot environmental factors, then generate hazardous asphyxiate gases and/or toxic gases etc. Therefore the mechanism of decomposition and quantitative toxic indices of products are very important for preventing safety and health disasters, especially in case of confined area. So we have investigated decomposition kinetics, numbers of process involved, toxicity indices of product and so on, using DSC, TGA, FT-IR and Pyrolyzer-GC/MS. The thermal decomposition process of polymeric floorings can be mainly divided by dehydrochlorinated reaction and polyene decomposition step, and activation energies of those are approximately $53.93{\sim}62.42kcal/mol$. Especially lethal concentration($LC_{50}$), fractional effective dose (FED) are calculated by measuring the amount of decomposition product. The values on $LC_{50}$ of sample G are ranged $2,003{\sim}2,019(mg/m^{3})$ in case of sample K and H are $1,877,\;1,998(g/m^{3})$ respectively. Even if the results are estimated by calculation method without animal test and/or clinical demonstration, these values could be very useful data for occupational health, hygiene and safety control.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

2-Chloro-N-(Cyano-2-thienyl methyl) acetamide(CCTA)는 농약을 합성하는데 사용하는 중간체로써 상온 및 상압에서는 안정하지만 열축적 시 분해될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 열중량분석기(TGA) 실험을 통해 온도에 따른 질량 변화 측정으로 분해거동을 확인하고, 시차주사열량계(DSC)를 이용하여 열분해특성을 평가하였다. CCTA는 약 91℃에서 발열 분해반응이 급격하게 발생하였으며, Kissinger method, Kissinger-Akahira- Sunose(KAS) method, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO) method를 이용한 활성화 에너지 계산 결과, 각각 162 kJ/mol, 140 kJ/mol, 139 kJ/mol 으로 나타났다. 활성화에너지를 이용하여 계산된 24시간 이내 최대발열속도에 도달하는 온도인 T_D24는 52~55 ℃로 평가되었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.352-357
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• 2012

1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacylohexane (RDX)와 octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX)의 입자크기에 대한 열적 특성을 알아보기 위해서 DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry)와 TGA (Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis)를 사용하였다. 활성화 에너지와 빈도인자는 Kissinger 방법과 Vyazovkin 방법으로 계산하였다. DSC를 이용할 경우 RDX의 경우에는 고에너지 분자화약의 높은 분해열에 의하여 입자크기에 따른 활성화에너지의 경향성이 없었으나, TGA를 이용할 경우 입자크기가 클수록 활성화에너지가 커짐을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 HMX의 경우에는 DSC와 TGA의 방법 모두 입자 크기에 따라 활성화 에너지가 커지는 경향성을 보였다. 또한, Vyazovkin 방법을 이용하여 RDX와 HMX의 분해정도에 따른 활성화 에너지의 변화로 분해반응의 메커니즘을 이해할 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.746-754
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• 2019

Vitrification of radioactive liquid waste (RLW) provides a feasible solution for isolating radionuclides from the biosphere for an extended period. In vitrification, base glass and radioactive waste are added simultaneously into the melter. Determination of heat and mass transfer rates is necessary for rational design and sizing of melter. For obtaining an assured product quality, knowledge of reaction kinetics associated with the thermal decomposition of waste constituents is essential. In this study Thermogravimetry (TG) - Differential Thermogravimetry (DTG) of eight kinds of nitrates and two oxides, which are major components of RLW, is investigated in the temperature range of 298-1273 K in the presence of base glasses of five component (5C) and seven component (7C). Studies on thermal behavior of constituents in RLW were carried out at heating rates ranging from 10 to $40\;K\;min^{-1}$ using TG - DTG. Thermal behavior and related kinetic parameters of waste constituents, in the presence of 5C and 7C base glass compositions were also investigated. The activation energy, pre-exponential factor and order of the reaction for the thermal decomposition of 24% waste oxide loaded glasses were estimated using Kissinger method.

• 에너지공학
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.373-377
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• 2012

Among the fossil fuels, the brown coal is a great deal of resources. However, it is hardly used due to the high moisture content and low calorific value. It has both the week points such as spontaneous combustion and high volatile content and the strong points such as the low-sulfur and low ash content. If we overcome these week points, the using amount of brown coal would be increased. Also, it is well known that biomass is one of the important primary renewable energy sources because of carbon neutral energy. Furthermore, the utilization of biomass has been more and more concerned with the depletion of fossil fuel sources as well as the global warming issues. Combustion and thermal decomposition of biomass is one of the more promising techniques among all alternatives proposed for the production of energy from biomass. In this study, combustion of brown coals and mushroom waste was done. Mass change of samples and emission of hydrocarbon components were measured. As the results, we obtained combustion rate constant. Also activation energy was calculated in char combustion step. Hydrocarbon components were more generated in low oxygen concentration than high. Emission amount of hydrocarbon components in mushroom waste was significantly increased comparing to brown coal.

• 공업화학
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.296-302
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• 2006

산소농도에 따른 폐폴리우레탄의 열적 산화분해에 관한 속도론적 연구를 $10{\sim}50^{\circ}C/min$ 사이의 여러 가열속도에서 비등온 질량감소 기술을 이용하여 수행하였다. 폐폴리우레탄의 열적 산화분해를 묘사하기 위하여 Arrhenius식에 근거한 미분법과 적분법을 이용하여 산소농도에 대한 영향을 고려할 수 있는 속도론 모델을 제시하였으며 활성화 에너지 및 반응차수 그리고 pre-exponential 인자와 같은 속도 상수들에 대한 정보를 얻기 위하여 본 연구에서 제시한 속도론 해석 방법을 이용하여 질량감소 곡선 및 그 미분값을 해석하였다. 본 연구로부터 산소농도에 대한 반응차수는 모두 음의 값을 나타내었으며 활성화 에너지는 산소농도가 증가함에 따라 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 단일 가열속도에서의 실험값을 이용하는 적분법의 경우 가열속도에 따라 반응속도 상수의 값이 변화함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 여러 가열속도에서의 실험값을 이용하는 미분법이 폐폴리우레탄의 열적 산화분해 반응을 보다 효율적으로 나타내고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Composites Research
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2020

Diglycidyl ether of 4,4'-biphenol을 기지로 사용하고, tin(IV) oxide를 filler로, sulfanilamide를 경화제로 사용하여 액정성 열경화성 에폭시 기반 복합재료를 제작하였다. TGA와 LFA를 이용하여 3.0-7.0 wt%의 tin(IV) oxide를 분산시켜 제작한 복합재료의 열적 거동을 조사한 결과, 열분해 활성화 에너지와 열전도성이 filler의 첨가량에 비례하는 것으로 나타났다.