• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.961-969
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• 2002

This study was performed : 1) to establish the experimental analysis conditions for the sorption and desorption of toxic organic contaminants to/from the activated sludge, sediment, and clay, and 2) to determine the sorption and desorption equilibrium coefficients of some representative halogenated aliphatic compounds. Through the preliminary sorption test using Azo dye, a setting of quantitative experimental conditions to determine the sorption and desorption characteristics was decided as follows; equilibration time of 180 minutes, centrifuge for 15 minutes at 5000$\times$g, and 500mg/$\ell$ of TOC concentration. The sorption and desorption characteristics of halogenated aliphatic compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay could be described very well using the Freundlich isotherm. The preference of the average sorption capacity of the overall compounds showed in the sequence sediment 0.26mg/g, clay 0.23mg/g, and activated sludge 0.11 mg/g. The desorption rate of the sorbed compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay was approximately 89.8%, 35.3%, and 66.4%, respectively.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2015

This study assessed the performance of activated carbon (AC) amendment to treat polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including both parent- and alkylated-moieties in sediment impacted by diesel. A field-collected, diesel-impacted sediment with a NAPL content of 1% was used for the study. No. 2 diesel fuel is weathered by heating at $70^{\circ}C$ for 4 days to obtain a weathered diesel sample having C3-naphthalenes to C2-phenanthrenes/anthracenes (N2/P3) ratio similar to the original sediment. The sediment samples spiked with the weathered diesel to obtain non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contents of 1, 5 and 10% were contacted with AC with a dose of 5% as sediment dry weight for 1 month. By the AC-sediment contact, the freely-dissolved equilibrium concentrations were substantially reduced. Even for sediment with 10% NAPL content, the reductions in the freely-dissolved concentrations were 92% and 75% for total parent-and alkylated-PAHs, respectively. The effect of NAPL contents on the performance of AC was negligible for parent-PAHs, while for alkylated-PAHs, a slightly reduced AC performance was observed. The results suggest that the AC amendment can be an effective option for the treatment of petroleum-impacted sediment with relatively high NAPL contents.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

In-situ activated carbon (AC) amendment is a promising remediation technique for the treatment of sediment impacted by hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs). Since its first proposal in the early 2000s, the remediation technique has quickly gained acceptance as a feasible alternative among the scientific and engineering communities in the United States and northern Europe. This review paper aims to provide an overview on in-situ AC amendment for the treatment of HOC-impacted sediment with a major focus on its working principles. We began with an introduction on the practical and scientific background that led to the proposal of this remediation technique. Then, we described how the remediation technique works in a mechanistic sense, along with discussion on two modes of implementation, mechanical mixing and thin-layer capping, that are distinct from each other. We also discussed key considerations involved in establishing a remedial goal and performing post-implementation monitoring when this technique is field-applied. We concluded with future works necessary to adopt and further develop this innovative sediment remediation technique to ongoing and future sediment contamination concerns in Korea.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.81-84
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• 2004

Control of Sediment is very important in prawn farm due to the eruption of toxic material such as W1ionized H2S, NH3 and NO2-. In this study, column test study, column with filter media such as activated carbon, zeolite, oyster shell and iron chloride to evaluate the reduction of toxicity from sediment ammonia-N(NH3) was effectively removed by Zeolite and oyster shell. It was indicated that ammonium ion(NH4+) was removed by ion exchange of zeolite. And the ammonia in the column of oyster shell was existed as the form of NH4+, which is not toxic for prawn because oyster shell was stably kept around pH 8. Therefore, some of ammonia(NH3) was reduced by oyster shell. Hydrogen sulfide and COD were effectively removed by adsorption of activated carbon and a partial removal of hydrogen sulfide was accomplished by Oyster shell. Phosphorous was removed by activated carbon, oyster shell and iron chloride. In prawn farm, the concentration of ammonia was increased with increase of pH by algae photosynthesis in the column of activated carbon, zeolite and iron chloride, but it was revealed that pH was stably kept in the column of oyster shell.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.398-401
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• 2000

A device to measure the temperature difference between the supernatant and the sediment blanket in the course of SV30 measurement in processing of activated sludge process. The temperature elevation in the sludge sediment represent the metabolic heat production by the microorganisms and can be an indicator for the capability of waste treatment. The utilities of the device for the analysis of activated sludge process were demonstrated in this report.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.589-593
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• 2005

연안 준설퇴석물을 열처리, 생물침출공정을 이용한 중금속처리, 중화처리 등의 다양한 방법으로 전처리한 재료를 이용하여 연안해수에 함유된 질산염의 흡착특성에 대한 실험실적 연구를 수행하였다. 전처리된 퇴적물의 흡착평형시간은 생물침출-열처리 퇴적물이 17분으로 가장 빨랐으며 생물침출-중화-열처리 퇴적물과 생물침출퇴적물이 각각 25분. 27분으로 황토와 열처리 황토에서의 3,3분, 32분 보다 빠르게 흡착되는 것으로 평가되었다. 시험된 재료들에 대한 흡착공정은 Freundlich 등온흡착식으로 해석할 수 있었으며, 전처리한 퇴적물의 흡착속도가 황토에 비해 빠름을 알 수 있었다. 질산염의 흡착량은 퇴적물과 열처리 퇴적물에서 각각 2.l2, 2.19 mg NO3-N/g 으로 가장 많았으며 열처리 등으로 전처리된 퇴적물은 연안해수의 수질개선을 위한 흡착재로서 활용 가능한 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.311-316
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• 2005

연안 준설퇴적물을 열처리, 생물침출공정을 이용한 중금속처리, 중화처리 등의 다양한 방법으로 전처리 또는 개질한 재료를 이용하여 연안해수에 함유된 질산염의 흡착특성에 대한 실험실적 연구를 수행하였다. 개질된 퇴적물의 흡창평형시간은 생물침출-열처리 퇴적물이 17분으로 가장 빨랐으며 생물침출-중화-열처리 퇴적물과 함께 생물침출퇴적물이 각각 25분, 27분으로 황토와 열처리 황토에서의 33분, 32분 보다 빠르게 흡착되는 것으로 평가되었다. 시험된 재료들에 대한 흡착공정은 Freundlich 등온흡착식으로 해석할 수 있었으나, 흡착공정은 표면의 특성에 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 평가되었다. 질산염의 흡착량은 퇴적물과 열처리 퇴적물에서 각각 2.12, 2.19mg $NO_{3}$-N/g 으로 가장 많았으며 열처리 등으로 개질된 퇴적물은 연안해수의 수질개선을 위한 흡착제로서 활용가능한 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.24-27
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• 1997

This study has been designed to check the removal effect of contaminated water by various water treatmemt processes using sediment filter, activated carbon, reverse osmosis membrane, ultra vilolet sterilizer and ultra filtration and then to analyze the change of pH, the concentration of chlorides, bacteria and E. coli. after 24 hours. pH has increased as much as 0.15-0.32 by activated carbon but decreased sharply by reverse osmosis treatment after 24 hours. The removal effect of chloride was low by activated carbon and ultra filter but high in reverse osmosis. The removal effect of bacteria and E. coli was low by activated carbon and membrane filter system using activated carbon. Ultra filtration process was effective for purify agricultural water containg bacteria and E.coli.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.65-74
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal effect and variation of contaminated water by various water treatment processes using sediment filter, activated carbon, photocatalysis, reverse osmosis, ultra violet sterilizer and ultra filtration. The removal effect of chloride and trace metal was low by activated carbon and ultra filter but high in reverse osmosis. The removal effect of bacteria and E. coli was low by activated carbon and membrane filter system using activated carbon but high in impregnated activated carbon. The removal effect of TCE was low in sand and ultra filter system as compared with activated carbon. Ultra filtration process was effective for purify agricultural water without E.coli. Reverse osmosis was effective to remove heavy metal and activated carbon was effective to remove halogenated organic chemical compound. The flux and the removal effect of COD in spiral wound ultrafilter were higher than the hollow fiber ultrafilter.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 유기오염물질인 benzyl butyl phthalate(BBP)에 오염된 퇴적토를 산/염기 개질활성탄을 이용한 퇴적토의 안정화 과정과 그 영향을 연구하였다. 실험을 통해 안정화제의 효율성을 평가하고, Lumbriculus variegatus를 이용한 생물학적 영향과 함께 개질활성탄의 혼합량 증가가 오염물질의 흡착에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한, low-density polyethylene를 사용한 공극수 내 유기오염물질 농도 측정을 통해 안정화제가 환경 내 오염물질의 이동을 어떻게 제한하는지에 대해 조사하였다. 연구 결과 Lumbriculus variegatus의 생존률이 90% 이상을 나타내었으며, 체내 BBP 축적 농도는 개질활성탄을 10% 혼합한 두 실험군보다 개질활성탄을 5% 혼합한 두 실험군이 약 2% 낮은 농도를 나타내었다. 수중으로의 용출량은 노출기간 7일 경과 후 모든 실험조건에서 대조군 대비 18% 이상 저감 되었으며, 노출기간 28일 후 모든 실험조건에서 25% 이상 저감된 효율을 확인하였다. 공극수의 농도를 측정하였다. 7일 노출 후의 결과는 기계혼합 실험군이 생물혼합 실험군 보다 높은 안정화율을 보였으며, 기계혼합 실험군에서, 개질활성탄을 10% 혼합한 실험군이 개질활성탄을 5% 혼합한 실험군 보다 1% 높은 안정화율을 보였다. 28일간 노출 후의 결과는 생물혼합 실험군이 기계혼합 실험군보다 높은 안정화율을 보였으며, 개질활성탄을 10% 혼합한 생물혼합 실험군이 개질활성탄을 5% 혼합한 실험군보다 약 0.1% 높은 안정화율을 보였다.