• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.593-599
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• 2017

In order to enhance ultra battery performances, the electrochemical characteristics of nano Pb/AC anode composite was investigated. Through nano Pb adsorption onto activated carbon, nano Pb/AC was synthesized and it was washed under vacuum process. The prepared anode materials was analysed by SEM, BET and EDS. The specific surface area and average pore size of nano Pb/AC composite were $1740m^2/g$ and 1.95 nm, respectively. The negative electrode of ultra battery was prepared by nano Pb/AC dip coating on lead plate. The electrochemical performances of ultra battery were studied using $PbO_2$ (the positive electrode) and prepared nano Pb/AC composite (the negative electrode) pair. Also the electrochemical behaviors of ultra battery were investigated by charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry, impedance and rate capability tests in 5 M $H_2SO_4$ electrolyte. The initial capacity and cycling performance of the present nano Pb/AC ultra battery were improved with respect to the lead battery and the AC-coated lead battery. These experimental results indicate that the proper addition of nano Pb/AC into the negative electrode can improve the discharge capacity and the long term cycle stability and remarkably suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction on the negative electrode.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2017

In this paper, for the first time, the electroanalytical study of Triethylenediamine, TEDA was done on a typically graphene modified carbon paste electrode (Gr/CPE) in pH=10.5 of phosphate buffer solutions (PBS). The surface morphology of the bare and modified electrodes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electro-oxidation of TEDA was investigated at the surface of modified electrode. The results revealed that the oxidation peak current of TEDA at the surface of Gr/CPE is 2.70 times than that shown at bare-CPE. A linear calibration plot was observed in the range of 1.0 to 202.0 ppm. In this way, the detection limit was found to be 0.18 ppm. The method was then successfully applied to determination of TEDA in aqueous samples obtained from two kinds of activated carbon from the masks of war. On the other hand, density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory and a conductor-like Polarizable Continuum Model (CPCM) was used to calculate the $pK_a$ values of TEDA. The energies of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital ($E_{LUMO}$) and highest occupied molecular orbital ($E_{HOMO}$), gap energy (${\Delta}E$) and some thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy of TEDA and its conjugate acid ($HT^+$) were calculated. The results of calculated $pK_a$ were found to be in good agreement with the experimental values.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.134-137
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• 2003

탄소섬유나 활성탄소섬유(activated carbon fiber, ACF)는 일반적으로 출발물질에 따라 polyacrylonitrile(PAN)계, 아크릴(acryl)계, 피치(pitch)계, 페놀(phenol)계 등으로 분류할 수 있다. 보통 습식, 용융 혹은 용융분사(melt-blown) 방사 방법에 의해 섬유 형태로 형성한 다음 산화성 가스 분위기에서 불융화 과정을 거쳐 열에 대한 안정성을 부여하여 불활성 분위기에서 탄소화하여 탄소섬유를 제조하거나, 수증기나 이산화 탄소와 같은 산화성 분위기에서 활성화하여 활성탄소섬유를 제조한다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.364-369
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• 2004

It has been confirmed that some Trihalomethanes (THMs) suspected as carcinogens, can be formed during chlorination for water supply through the reaction of chlorine and humic substances in water. The electrochemical characteristics on activated carbon fiber filter (ACF) electrode were investigated to remove the THMs in the chlorination process of drinking water. The electrochemical removal efficiency depended on the applied voltage and flow rate. In this study, the best result showed that the removal efficiency of THMs was higher than 99%.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.345-354
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• 1999

A new type of capacitor named "Super Capacitor" has been developed, in which the properties of electric double layer formed at the interface of activated carbon electrode- liquid organic electrolyte is applied. This capacitor is small In size, light in weight, wide In temperature range(-25~$70^{\circ}C$), large in charge-discharge capability and good in voltage preservation. And this super capacitor is applied as a power back-up for electricity failure in volatile memory devices etc., a power source for a short time and a power source for operating actuators. At present the development of high power back-up types of the capacitor system and improvement of their characteristics are being actively conducted in order to find wider applications.lications.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1133-1138
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• 2005

In this study, we have prepared, as the pluse power source, a commercially supplied Li-ion battery with a capacity of 700 mAh and AC resistivity of 60 md at 1 kHz and nonaqeous asymmetric hybrid capacitor composed of an activated carbon cathode and MCMB anode, and have examined the electrochemical characteristics of hybrid capacitor and the pulse performances of parallel connected hybrid capacitor/Li-ion battery source. The nonaqueous asymmetric hybrid capacitors constituted with each stack number of pairs composed of the cathode, the porous separator and the anode electrode were housed in Al-laminated film cell. The 10 stacked hybrid capacitor, which was charged and discharged at a constant current at 0.25 $mA/cm^2$ between 3 and 4.3 V, has exhibited the capacitance of 108F and the lowest equivalent series resistance was 32 $m{\Omega}$ at 1 kHz. On the other hand, the enhanced run time of Li-ion battery assisted by the hybrid capacitor was obtained with increasing of current density and pulse width in Pulse mode. The best improvement, $84\;\%$ for hybrid capacitor/Li-ion battery was obtained in the condition of a 7C-rate pulse (100 msec)/0.5C-rate standby/$10\;\%$ duty cycle.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.416-422
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• 2015

Lithium Ion capacitor (LIC) is a new storage device which combines high power density and high energy density compared to conventional supercapacitors. LIC is capable of storing approximately 5.10 times more energy than conventional EDLCs and also have the benefits of high power and long cycle-life. In this study, LICs are assembled with activated carbon (AC) cathode and pre-doped graphite anode. Cathode material of natural graphite and artificial graphite kinds of MAGE-E3 was selected as the experiment proceeds. Super-P as a conductive agent and PTFE was used as binder, with the graphite: conductive agent: binder of 85: 10: 5 ratio of the negative electrode was prepared. Lithium doping condition of current density of $2mA/cm^2$ to $1mA/cm^2$, and was conducted by varying the doping. Results Analysis of Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer (ICP) was used and a $1mA/cm^2$ current density, $2mA/cm^2$, when more than 1.5% of lithium ions was confirmed that contained. In addition, lithium ion doping to 0.005 V at 10, 20 and $30^{\circ}C$ temperature varying the voltage variation was confirmed, $20^{\circ}C$ cell from the low internal resistance of $4.9{\Omega}$ was confirmed.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.298-305
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• 2016

In this study, we treated pitch-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) in hydrogen peroxide using electron beam (E-beam) irradiation to improve nitrogen monoxide (NO) sensing ability as an electrode material of gas sensor. The specific surface area of ACFs treated by E-beam irradiation with 400 kGy increased from $885m^2/g$ (pristine) to $1160m^2/g$ without any changes in structural property and functional group. The increase in specific surface area of the E-beam irradiated ACFs enhanced NO gas sensing properties such as response time and sensitivity. When the ACFs irradiated with 400 kGy, response time was remarkably reduced from 360 s to 210 s and sensitivity was increased by 4.5%, compared to the pristine ACFs. These results demonstrate convincingly that surface modification of ACFs using E-beam in hydrogen peroxide solution can enhance textural properties of ACFs and NO gas sensing ability of gas sensor at room temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2013

Solid polymer electrolyte films are prepared by ultraviolet radiation in the mixtures of an ionic liquid salt (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, $EMIBF_4$) and solvent (acetonitrile (ACN) or propylene carbonate(PC)), and an oligomer (poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate, PEGDA, 45-60 wt.%). Electrochemical properties of activated carbon supercapacitors adopting the solid polymer electrolyte films as a separator are also examined by cyclic voltammetry and impedance measurement techniques. As a result, the supercapacitor adopting the PEGDA as much as 45 wt.% exhibits a superior capacitance of $46Fg^{-1}$ at $20mVs^{-1}$. It seems that this is due to fast kinetics of ion conduction by sufficient film flexibility, which can be allowed by comparatively weak ultraviolet curing of small anount of the PEGDA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.597-598
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• 2005

Recently, the performance of portable electric equipment can often improved by a Li-ion battery assisted by a supercapacitor. A supercapacitor can provide high power density as well as a low resistance in the hybrid system. In this study, we have prepared, as the pluse power souce, a commercially supplied Li-ion battery with a capacity of 700mAh and AC resistivity of $60m\Omega$ at 1kHz and nonaqeous asymmetric hybrid capacitor composed of an activated carbon cathode and MCMB anode, and have examined the electrochemical characteristics of hybrid capacitor and the pulse performances of parallel connected battery/hybrid capacitor source. The nonaqueous asymmetric hybrid capacitor, the stacks of 10 pairs of the cathode, the porous separator and the anode electrode were housed in Al-laminated film cell. The hybrid capacitor, which was charged and discharged at a constant current at $0.25mA/cm^2$ between 3 and 4.3V, has exhibited the capacitance of 100F. And the equivalent series resistance was $32m\Omega$ at 1kHz. By combining a Li-ion battery and a hybrid capacitor, the pulse performance of battery can be improved 23% in run time under a pulse discharge of 7C-rate.