• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.379-400
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to analyze the magnitude and distribution of stress using a photoelastic model from the mandibular distal extension removable partial dentures with the mesial or distal placement of the occlusal rest and the mesial or distal connection in the back-action clasp with the five various designs of the back-action clasp, that is, the mesial connection and the distal rest, the distal connection and mesial rest, the mesial connection and mesial rest, the distal connection and the mesial and distal rest, and the mesial connection, and the mesial and distal rest. A photoelastic model was made of the epoxy resin(PC-1) and the hardner(PLH-1) with the acrylic resin teeth used and was coated with the plastic cement-1 at the lingual surface of the model and then five kinds of the removable partial dentures on the photoelastic model were set. A unilateral vertical load of 12.5 kg was applied on the central fossa of the first molar with the use of specially designed loading device and the pattern and distribution of the stress of the photoelastic model under each condition was analyzed by the reflective circular polariscope. The following results were obtained. 1. In the back-action clasp with the mesial connection and mesial rest of the case 3, the effect of the stress distribution was the most favorable. 2. In the back-action clasp with the mesial and distal rest, of the case 4 and 5, the stress distribution was more greatly showed in the terminal abutment. 3. Generally, the stress distribution was more favarable in the mesial connection than in the distal connection. 4. In the back-action clasp with the mesial connection of the case 1, 3 and 5, the stress distribution was the most favorable in the mesial rest.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.43-56
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• 2002

While there is universal agreement that the ecosystems approach to family resource management is the must influential currently, questions have arisen about the broad applicability of the Deacon & Firebaugh (1988) ecosystems framework. Engberg (1996) has characterized the dominant approach in family resource management as technical and argued that a technical approach substantially restricts feasible actions in much of the world and should not be used in ethical practice. The purpose of the present paper is to compare the family resource management patterns by dual role manager of business owning families in Korea and The United States. Such a comparison is an essential step in the assessment of the usefulness of the Deacon & Firebaugh framework, in particular, and the ecosystems framework, more generally. Korean respondents are 105 family and business managers interviewed in 2000 as part of a survey of owners of small to medium size family business enterprises in Seoul. U.S. respondents are 259 dual role managers in the National Family Business Survey (NFBS 1997). Chi squared statistics indicated country differences on each of the ten(goal setting, standard setting, demand clarification, resource assessment, action sequencing, actuating, checking, adjusting, demand responses, resource change)management practices. Mean responses on eight of the practices(goal setting, standard setting, action sequencing, actuating, checking, adjusting, demand responses, resource changes) were significantly different between two countries. U.S. total score means of family resource management were higher than Korea. Factor analysis of the management scale items yielded different patterns for Korea, and the United States. Korean dual role manager of family business were categorized into three different patterns as classic oriented manager, goal oriented manager, action oriented manager and U.S. were categorized into Process oriented manager and Production oriented manager. Both the number of managerial strategies and the types of strategies used varied in the two countries.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2000

The types of $K^+$ channel which determine the pattern of spontaneous action potential (SAP) were investigated using whole-cell variation of patch clamp techniques under current- and voltage-clamp recording conditions in rat clonal pituitary $GH_3$ cells. Heterogeneous pattern of SAP activities was changed into more regular mode with elongation of activity duration and afterhyperpolarization by treatment of TEA (10 mM). Under this condition, exposure of the class III antiarrhythmic agent E-4031 $(5\;{\mu}M)$ to $GH_3$ cells hardly affected SAP activities. On the other hand, the main $GH_3$ stimulator thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) still produced its dual effects (transient hyperpolarization and later increase in SAP frequency) in the presence of TEA. However, addition of $BaCl_2$ (2 mM) in the presence of TEA completely blocked SAP repolarization process and produced membrane depolarization in all tested cells. This effect was observed even in TEA-untreated cells and was not mimicked by higher concentration of TEA (30 mM). Also this barium-induced membrane depolarization effect was still observed after L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel was blocked by nicardipine $(10\;{\mu}M).$ These results suggest that barium-sensitive current is important in SAP repolarization process and barium itself may have some depolarizing effect in $GH_3$ cells.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.1 s.17
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• pp.55-60
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• 1975

An animal which is placed in a new environment displays a complex behavioral pattern consisting of locomotion, grooming and rearing. This behavioral pattern is influenced by endogenous and exogenous stimuli, such as hormonal secretion, level of neurohumoral transmitters, drugs and light. It is widely known that the most tranquilizers depressed spontaneous motor activity although their mechanisms of action were different, while antidepressants stimulated except imipramine which showed various action. Until the present time, the hole-board apparatus, which gives rather subjective data, has been used extensively to study the effects of drugs on general activity and exploratory behavior in mice. Recently a new apparatus for mobility measurements, called a 'Selective Activity Meter' has been introduced. This instrument supposedly produces more objective data on activity and behavior. The purpose of the present experiment was to study the influence of psychotropics on motor activity using the Selective Activity Meter. In the experiment, various psychotropic agents such as major tranquilizers(chlorpromazine, haloperidol); minor tranquilizers(meprobamate, diazepam); and antidepressants(amphetamine, imipramine) were used. In each experiment, the drug was administered to five mice and their activity was recorded. Each experiment was run five or more times and the results are based on the mean of each trial. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The group of mice treated with chlorpromazine showed markedly inhibited motor activity in comparison with controls and the inhibitory action of chlorpromazine was shown to be more intense than any of the other drugs used in the test. Haloperidol administration yielded similar results until 60 minutes, but mice showed less inhibition of motor activity than with chlorpromazine after 90 minutes. 2. In the group treated with diazepam, there was strong inhibition of motor activity until 30 minutes, but after 60 minutes the mice showed less inhibition than with chlorpromazine. In the meprobamate group, motor activity was inhibited in a manner similar to that of other tranquilizers, but the inhibition was less than that of diazepam. 3. In the group treated with imipramine, the inhibition developed gradually after ten minutes. 4. The effects of amphetamine did not appear until 30 minutes after administration, but then there was a significant increase in the motor activity.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.315-332
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• 2009

In logistic environments, a process, in that it manages the flow of materials among partners, involves more than one organization. In this regard, a logistic process, as a combined process consisting of multiple sub processes, needs to be managed with controling interaction among partners. In achieving systematic management of a logistic process, traditional Business Process Management (BPM) cannot be used for the entire flow, since it lacks the ability to manage interactions among partners. Particularly in logistic environments where RFID technologies are used, how to deal with the connection between RFID event and logistic flow has not been properly addressed. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a new method of managing multi-organizational logistic processes based on RFID events. We define inter-workflow pattern, and suggest ECA(Event-Condition-Action) rules for auto triggering of logistic processes. To adjust the rules to RFID events, we invent RFID-based ECA rules using complex event. A prototype system has been developed for the purpose of demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.185-190
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• 1981

1. $\alpha$-amylase from B. circulans F-2 was purified with specific activity 55.0 u/mg. protein (about 23 times of the original specific activity) and the yield of 25.5%, by means of corn starch absorption, salting out with ammonium sulfate (80% saturation), gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-100 and DE-32 column chromatography. 2 The purified enzyme showed two closely migrated protin bands on polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis, both of which have amylase activity judging from the activity staining of the gel. On SDS-polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis, however, the purified enzyme showed a single band suggesting that those two bands are the charge isomers of an amlyase having the slightly different charge. 3. Plot of log mobility of two bands versus polyacrylamide gel concentration according to Hedrick and Smith gave the parallel lines indicating them to be charge isomers. 4. To confirm the action pattern of two enzyme protein bands, each band was separated and was eluted from the gel and eluates were incubated with soluble starch. Oligosaccharide pattern produced by each eluate was examined by paper chromatography. The eluates of two bands showed the same action pattern. 5. The maltohexaose was the only hydrolysis product of soluble starch in the early stage of hydrolysis.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.642-649
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• 2006

In order to recognize a situation from a environment which provides an intelligent service, we propose state-transition based situation modeling which is suitable for a low computing power and restricted resources like embedded systems, and we designed its application to a situation-action converter(SAC)which is consist of two parts; situation detector recognized wanted situations and action generator generated various control actions. Then, we implemented a situation manager for smart scheduler service by using a SAC which is installed to a ARM processor based embedded Linux evaluation board.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.544-544
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• 2003

We investigated the inhibitory effect of whitening materials with growth factor or alone on melanomas derived from Human (B-16) and mouse (SK-MEL-31) using melanin content. Melanin content was determined by the absorbance value at 470nm per cells. we used the growth factors known as activators of Adenylate cyclase, Protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase pathway separately. In addition, we compared the action of UV-induced with non-biological growth factor with whitening materials in melanomas derived from Human and mouse. The results showed that the aspect of inhibitory effect of whitening materials on B16 and SK-MEL-31 was not different. And, the action of each growth factor involved in the differentiation and proliferation of melanoma on the inhibition of melanogenesis in B-16 and SK-MEL-31 using whitening agents showed no difference. Also, The action of UV -induced and non-biological growth factors didn't exhibit different pattern on the effect of whitening agent in B-16 and SK-MEL-31.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.157-160
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• 2019

Purpose: We compared the activation pattern of the mirror neurons (MN) between two types of hand movement according to action observation using functional MRI. Methods: Twelve right-handed healthy subjects (5 male and 7 female, mean age $21.92{\pm}2.02years$) participated in the experiment. During fMRI scanning, subjects underwent two different stimuli on the screen: 1) video clips showing repeated grasping and releasing of the ball via simple hand movement (SHM), and (2) video clips showing an actor performing a Purdue Pegboard test via complex hand movement (CHM). paired t-test in statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used to compare the activation differences between the two types of hand movement. Results: CHM as compared with the SHM produced a higher blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal response in the right superior frontal gyrus, left inferior and superior parietal lobules, and lingual gyrus. However, no greater BOLD signal response was found by SHM compared with CHM (FWE corrected, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings provided that the activation patterns for observation of SHM and CHM are different. CHM also elicited boarder or stronger activations in the brain, including inferior parietal lobule called the MN region.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-78
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• 1996

This study wan described the movement patterns when rising from supine to erect stance in the third through eighth decades. Two hundred fifty six subjects, ranging in age from 30 year to 89 were filmed while rising from a supine position. Movement patterns were classified using categorical descriptions of the action of the upper and lower extremity, head-trunk region. This study was designed to determine whether within the rising task the movement patterns of different regions of the body vary with age level and sex, to describe time by subjects to perform this task. The incidence of each movement pattern was calculated and graphed wi th respect to age level and sex. Erect standing time was increased by age increasing in beth sex group. The most common form of rising for subject in the third through fifth decades both sex usually involved symmeytrical push with upper extremity, symmetrical squat pattern with lower extremity, partial rotation pattern wi th head-trunk and symmetrical push to push and reach pattern with upper extremity, symmetri cal squat pattern with lower extremity. partial rotation with head-trunk. In the sixth through eighth decades usually involved symmetrical push to push and reach pattern with upper extremity, symmetrical squat pattern with lower extremity, partial rotation pattern with head-trunk in both sex group.