• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.785-790
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• 1994

The active noise control which regards the acoustic power as a target function to be minimized, is analyzed to test its feasibility of which simplifies the measurement system compared with the global acoustic energy based active noise control system. In fact, it is found that the acoustic power based active noise control strategy is equally likely as good as the global acoustic energy based active noise control method if the acoustic field of interest is diffusive or very low model density one. In the intermediate model density field, we also demonstrate that the power based control gives the similar results as the energy based control in terms of global sound energy reduction for the lightly damped enclosure which might be most important system in practical application. From all the theoretical and power based control strategy is dependent on the characteristics of the acoustic field to be controlled; i.e., the model density distribution, the degree of reverberation, and on the strength of modal interaction of the control source with the primary source; i.e., the location of control source.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.315-322
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• 2016

Room acoustic properties of coupled rooms connected by an aperture has been analyzed using statistical acoustic model based on the diffused sound field assumption, which has limitation in dealing with the parameters such an room geometries and non uniform absorptivity of the boundary surfaces. In order to overcome these difficulties the acoustic diffusion model has been introduced, by which distribution of the acoustic energy density can be analyzed for various shapes and wall absorptivity. In this study acoustic properties of coupled rooms connected by an aperture(e.g. door) is analyzed using acoustic diffusion equation, which is solved numerically. The mean energy densities of two rooms obtained by the diffusion model are compared with those from the statistical model. The results show good agreement for various coupling aperture sizes and absorption coefficients. For a limiting case when the partition wall is substituted by an aperture and the two rooms eventually forms a single room, results of coupled room analysis using diffusion model show good agreement with those of a single room.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 1997

Paulownia wood has been used as sound board for Korean traditional musical instruments such as Keomungo(Korean lute), Kayagum(twelve-stringed Korean harp) and Changgu(hour-glass shaped drum), etc. The acoustic properties of wood affected not only by dimensions but also by density and stiffness of wood. Due to inhomogeneity and hygroscopicity of wood. the acoustic properties of wood are inconsistent. To clarify the effect of moisture content and air dry density on acoustic properties, longitudinal vibration experiment was accomplished in 3 moisture content levels of 9.6, 11.1 and 12.5% and in 3 air dry density levels of 0.22, 0.25 and 0.28g/$cm^3$. The results were as follows: As the moisture content increased, the fundamental frequency. specific dynamic Young's modulus and sound velocity decreased, but the internal friction increased so that loss of energy increased. The values in damping of sound radiation were rapidly decreased at 12.5%. It meant that the damping of internal friction was larger than damping of sound radiation at high moisture content. As the air dry density increased, the fundamental frequency, specific dynamic Young's modulus and sound velocity increased, but the internal friction and damping of sound radiation decreased so that loss of energy decreased. And acoustic converting efficiency was hardly influenced by increasing air drying density.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.236-242
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• 2009

Oil viscosity is one of the important parameters for machinery condition monitoring. Basically, it is expressed as kinematic viscosity measured by capillary flow and dynamic or absolute viscosity measured by rotary shear viscometry. Recently, acoustic wave techniques appear in the market, measuring viscosity as the product of dynamic viscosity and density. For Newtonian fluids, knowledge of density allows conversion from one viscosity parameter to the other at a specific shear rate and temperature. In this work, oil samples with different chain lengths of viscosity index (VI) improvers and concentrations were examined by different viscometric techniques. Results showed that acoustic viscosity measurements give misleading results for oil samples with high molecular weight VI improvers and at low temperatures ${\leq}40^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2023

In this paper, the Energy Flow Finite Element Analysis (EFFEA) was performed to predict the acoustic and vibrational responses of complicated plate structures considering improved Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI). For this, a new power transfer relationship was derived at the area junction where two different fluids are in contact on both sides of the plate. In order to increase the reliability of EFFEA of complicated plate structures immersed in a high-density fluid, the corrected flexural wavenumber and group velocity considering fluid-loading effect were derived. As the specific acoustic impedance of the fluid in contact with the plate increases, the flexural wavenumber of the plate increases. As a result, the flexural group velocity is reduced, and the spatial damping effect of the flexural energy density is increased. Additionally, for the EFFEA of arbitary-shaped built-up structures, the energy flow finite element formulation for the acoustic tetrahedral element was newly performed. Finally, for validation of the derived theory and developed software, numerical applications of complicated plate structures submerged in seawater or air were successfully performed.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2011

New statistical method is proposed to coherently combine Baryon Acoustic Oscillation statistics (BAO) and peculiar velocity measurements exploiting decomposed density--density and velocity--velocity spectra in real space from the observed redshift distortions in redshift space, 1) to achieve stronger dark energy constraints, sigma(w)=0.06 and sigma(w_a)=0.20, which are enhanced from BAO or velocity measurements alone, and 2) to cross--check consistency of dark energy constraints from two different approaches; BAO as geometrical measurements and peculiar velocity as large scale structure formation observables.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2008

The circular cylinder pipes are used in the many industrial areas. In this paper, the acoustic wave propagation in the pipe containing a gas is researched. First of all, the theory for the coupled acoustic wave propagation in a pipe is investigated. Acoustic wave propagation in pipe can not be occurred independently between the wave of the fluid and the shell. It requires complicated analysis. However, as a special case, the coupled wave in a high density pipe containing a light density medium is corresponded closely to the uncoupled in-vacuo shell waves and to the rigid-walled duct fluid waves. The coincidence frequencies of acoustic and shell modes contribute to the predominant energy transmission. The coincidence frequency means the frequency corresponding to the coincidence of the wavenumber in both acoustic and shell. In this paper, it is assumed that the internal medium is much lighter than the pipe shell. After the uncoupled acoustic wave in the internal medium and uncoupled shell wave are considered, the coincidence frequencies are found. The analysis is successfully confirmed by the verification of the experiment using the real long steel pipe. This work verifies that the coupled wave characteristic of the shell and the fluid is occurred as predominant energy transmission at the coincidence frequencies.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.182-187
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• 2007

The use of the pulsed electro acoustic (PEA) method allowed us to perform the direct observations of spatio-temporal charge distributions in Electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) based on polarizable nanoporous carbonaceous electrode. The negative charge density became the maximum, about $205C/m^3$ at the region where was near to collector layer in EDLCs for case $V_{DC}=2.5V$, while the positively charged density became the maximum, about $61.1C/m^3$ at the region where it was located around the cathode layer. The performance of the best sample was found to be better in terms of the charge density (Cs) and specific energy ($E_s$) with a maximum value of ${\sim}8.4F/g$ and 26 Wh/kg. The $C_s$ obtained from the PEA method agreed well with that from the energy conversion method. The PEA measurement used here is a very useful method to quantitively investigates the spatio-temporal charge distribution in EDLCs.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.384-390
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• 2012

Power Flow Analysis (PFA) is introduced for solving the noise and vibration analysis of structures in medium-to-high frequency ranges. The vibration analysis software, $PFADS_{C{+}{+}}$ R4 based on Power Flow Finite Element Method (PFFEM) and the noise prediction software, $NASPFA_{C{+}{+}}$ R1 based on Power Flow Boundary Element Method (PFBEM) are developed. In this paper, the coupling equation which represents relation between structural energy and acoustic energy is developed for vibro-acoustic coupling analysis. And vibro-acoustic coupling analysis software based on PFA and coupling equation is developed. Developed software is composed of translator, cavity-finder, solver and post-processor over all. Translator can translate FE model into PFADS FE model and cavity-finder can automatically make NASPFA BE model from PFADS FE model for noise analysis. The solver module calculates the structural energy density, intensity of structures, the fictitious source on the boundary and the acoustic energy density at the field in acoustic cavities. Some applications of vibro-acoustic coupling analysis software to various structures and cruise ship are shown with reliable results.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.15 no.2 s.95
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• pp.161-168
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• 2005

The absorbing material is mostly used to changing the acoustic energy to the heat energy in the passive control, and that consists of the porous media. That controls an air borne noise while the stiffened plates, damping material and additional mass control a structure borne noise. The additional mass can decrease the sound by mass effect and shift of natural frequency, and damping material can decrease the sound by damping effect. The passive acoustic control using these kinds of control materials has an advantage that is possible to control the acoustic in the wide frequency band and the whole space at a price as compared with the active control using the various electronic circuit and actuator. But the space efficiency decreased and the control ability isn't up to the active control. So it is necessary to maximize the control ability in the specific frequency to raise the capacity of passive control minimizing the diminution of space efficiency such an active control. Therefore, the characteristics of control materials and the optimum layout of control materials that attached to the boundary of structure-acoustic coupled cavity were studied using sequential optimization on this study.