• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2022

The industrial development and socioeconomic structures of a society are inextricably linked to occupational accidents and diseases. Since the 1970s, a series of major occupational diseases have occurred in South Korea, such as mercury poisoning in Munsong-myeon, carbon disulfide poisoning at Wonjin Rayon, and leukemia at Samsung Electronics. These incidents have caused us to take a critical look at the level of worker safety and health management within companies and the government. These serve as symbolic and representational events. Doctors, lawyers, and labor activists concerned about employee safety and lives came together for years to struggle with the government and industry in order to determine what caused the diseases and to obtain compensation for victims. They finally achieved recognition for occupational diseases and recompense for losses. It is difficult to find similar cases to the baby powder asbestos talc cases and the radon bed case internationally, or there is no case where such a large number of consumers have been potentially harmed. It is also difficult to prove that the damage took place due to the victims' diverse geographic locations and ages, as well as the disease's long incubation period. Based on this premise, businesses and the government have been apathetic in acknowledging these diseases and compensating for damages, with few practical outcomes. Furthermore, unlike the large-scale occupational disease cases, only a few people including expert groups were organized and actively participated in the settlement of these issues, so it remains unfinished business for our society to address.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-70
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• 2019

As a response to Peter Jackson's call for a Southeast Asian Area Studies beyond Anglo-America, this paper argues that the achievement of this salient objective hinges on an understanding of the idea of positionality and what it entails. Drawing from reflections from Filipino scholars, positionality can be understood not merely as one's determination through geographic location or self-knowledge of one's condition within the politics of knowledge production; rather, it is the power and opportunity to claim a place from which one understands reality in one's own terms, and the capacity to effect influence within her intellectual domain. In redefining positionality as such, one realizes that crucial to establishing Southeast Asian Area studies beyond Anglo-America is acknowledging the importance of the vernacular in the production and circulation of knowledge, as well as the constant danger of English as the global lingua franca, established in the guise of an advocacy that resolves unevenness by providing equal opportunity for all intellectuals to gain "global prominence." This paper argues that, instead of trying to eradicate unevenness, one can acknowledge it as the condition of being located in a place and as a privileged position to think and create beyond the shadow of Anglo-American theory.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.123-130
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• 2006

This paper discusses issues faced by individual building industry clients. These form the majority of clients but, because they do not possess high purchasing power, they attract less attention in the industry. Given that key decisions on project definition and procurement strategy are made at the pre-project stage, the industry would benefit from knowing relevant aspects of its clients' attitudes and behaviors, so that it can support them. There is a lack of research on this subject, and so we first describe a theoretical framework and research methodology that were developed for this specific group of clients. Theory adopted from consumer behavioral research was introduced to develop a general behavioral model of individual clients. In this model, individual clients are assumed to seek and then process information after acknowledging normative activities. To validate our model, a field survey was conducted using randomly selected individual clients. Their opinions on the importance and difficulty of 12 normative activities were analysed to establish a general attitude. Information seeking behaviour was investigated by measuring the frequency and type of source that they contacted to conduct the normative activities. The attitudes and information seeking behaviour presented in this research will contribute to the development of project tools for supporting these clients.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.93-104
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• 2024

Purpose: This study used the SORmodel (or cue utilization theory) to examine the impact of expanded quality factorsincluding product quality on customer satisfaction, attitude, and behavioral loyalty. This study examined the moderating effect of gender on the customer satisfaction-attitudinal and behavioral loyalty relationship. Research design, data, and methodology: 364 respondents were collected through an online survey and analyzed using the SmartPLS 4.0 program. Results: The findings show that product quality, along with system quality and service quality, are key determinants of customer satisfaction. In addition, this study shows that the relationship between customer satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty (repurchase and word-of-mouth intention) does not differ depending on gender, but the relationship between customer satisfaction and behavioral loyalty (share-of-visit and share-of-wallet) is stronger for women than for men. Conclusions: This research integrates concepts from environmental psychology and marketing focusing on website quality (information, system, service, and product), as well as satisfaction, attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. Online shopping mall practitioners must systematically analyze and assess the quality of online shopping, a pivotal factor driving customer satisfaction, attitude, and behavioral loyalty. Acknowledging the influence of gender on consumers' online purchasing behavior can aid online retailers in devising tailored e-commerce marketing strategies aimed at attracting and retaining customers.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 2024

This review comprehensively examines the diverse spectrum of gastric cancers, focusing on unusual or uncommon histology that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. While the predominant form, tubular adenocarcinoma, is well-characterized, this review focuses on lesser-known variants, including papillary adenocarcinoma, micropapillary carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), hepatoid adenocarcinoma, gastric choriocarcinoma, gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma, carcinosarcoma, gastroblastoma, parietal cell carcinoma, oncocytic adenocarcinoma, Paneth cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type, undifferentiated carcinoma, and extremely well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Although these diseases have different nomenclatures characterized by distinct histopathological features, these phenotypes often overlap, making it difficult to draw clear boundaries. Furthermore, the number of cases was limited, and the unique histopathological nature and potential pathogenic mechanisms were not well defined. This review highlights the importance of understanding these rare variants for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment planning, and improving patient outcomes. This review emphasizes the need for ongoing research and case studies to enhance our knowledge of these uncommon forms of gastric cancer, which will ultimately contribute to more effective treatments and better prognostic assessments. This review aimed to broaden the pathological narrative by acknowledging and addressing the intricacies of all cancer types, regardless of their rarity, to advance patient care and improve prognosis.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.109-131
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• 2024

This review aims to examine safety concerns in pediatric dental care and underscore the need for comprehensive patient safety initiatives within the Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Drawing insights from the prevailing patient safety policies of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, case reports, and systematic reviews, this review elucidates issues such as dental fires during sedation, ocular complications from local anesthesia, and surgical emphysema. This review highlights the significance of safety toolkits encompassing infection control, medical error reduction, dental unit waterline infection, and nitrous oxide safety in pediatric dental settings, underscoring the need to foster a safety culture. Furthermore, this study explores the curriculum for pediatric dentistry residency programs, emphasizing concepts such as high-reliability organizations and mortality and morbidity conferences. The study suggests the need for initiatives to enhance patient safety, including establishing safety committees, expanding reporting systems, policy development, and supporting research related to patient safety. In conclusion, this study underlines key messages, emphasizing the utmost priority of patient safety, acknowledging the inevitability of human error, promoting effective communication, and cultivating a patient safety culture. These principles are vital for advancing patient safety in pediatric dental care and improving outcomes among pediatric patients.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.6.1-6.17
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• 2024

The intricate role of innate type-2 cytokines in immune responses is increasingly acknowledged for its dual nature, encompassing both protective and pathogenic dimensions. Ranging from defense against parasitic infections to contributing to inflammatory diseases like asthma, fibrosis, and obesity, these cytokines intricately engage with various innate immune cells. This review meticulously explores the cellular origins of innate type-2 cytokines and their intricate interactions, shedding light on factors that amplify the innate type-2 response, including TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33. Recent advancements in therapeutic strategies, specifically the utilization of biologics targeting pivotal cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), are discussed, offering insights into both challenges and opportunities. Acknowledging the pivotal role of innate type-2 cytokines in orchestrating immune responses positions them as promising therapeutic targets. The evolving landscape of research and development in this field not only propels immunological knowledge forward but also holds the promise of more effective treatments in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2024

PURPOSE: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical condition that combines sarcopenia and obesity. This study examined the frequency of SO in young Korean females between 20 and 29 years of age. METHODS: The study involved 1,000 participants. The height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, alcohol consumption, and smoking status were the research variables. The skeletal muscle mass index was calculated as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) divided by the BMI. The ASM was assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Complex sampling analysis and multiple logistic regression were used for analysis. RESULTS: A .74(.30-1.80) frequency of SO was observed. The statistically significant risk factors in females were height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Young Korean adults with SO have a .74(.30-1.80) frequency of occurrence that is linked to specific risk factors. Hence, primary care clinicians and health care professionals should consider these factors when patients require a referral for early detection and treatment. Healthcare professionals and clinicians can identify potential SO patients by acknowledging these risk factors.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.157-173
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• 2024

Researchers continue to emphasize the centrality of proof in the context of school mathematics and the importance of proof to student learning of mathematics is well articulated in nationwide curricula. However, researchers reported that students' performance in proving tasks is not promising and students are not likely to see the need to prove a proposition even if they learned mathematical proof previously. Research attributes this issue to students' tendencies to accept an empirical argument as proof for a mathematical proposition, thus not being able to recognize the limitation of an empirical argument as proof for a mathematical proposition. In Korea, there is little research that investigated high school students' views about the need for proof in mathematics and their understanding of the limitation of an empirical argument as proof for a mathematical generalization. Sixty-two 11^th graders were invited to participate in an online survey and the responses were recorded in writing and on either a four- or five-point Likert scale. The students were asked to express their agreement with the need of proof in school mathematics and to evaluate a set of mathematical arguments as to whether the given arguments were proofs. Results indicate that a slight majority of students were able to identify a proof amongst the given arguments with the vast majority of students acknowledging the need for proof in mathematics.

• BMB Reports
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.388-399
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• 2024

Immunotherapy represents a promising treatment strategy for targeting various tumor types. However, the overall response rate is low due to the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, numerous distinct factors actively induce immunosuppression, restricting the efficacy of anticancer immune reactions. Recently, metabolic reprogramming of tumors has been recognized for its role in modulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance immune cell responses in the TME. Furthermore, recent elucidations underscore the critical role of metabolic limitations imposed by the tumor microenvironment on the effectiveness of antitumor immune cells, guiding the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Hence, achieving a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic requirements of both cancer and immune cells within the TME is pivotal. This insight not only aids in acknowledging the current limitations of clinical practices but also significantly shapes the trajectory of future research endeavors in the domain of cancer immunotherapy. In addition, therapeutic interventions targeting metabolic limitations have exhibited promising potential as combinatory treatments across diverse cancer types. In this review, we first discuss the metabolic barriers in the TME. Second, we explore how the immune response is regulated by metabolites. Finally, we will review the current strategy for targeting metabolism to not simply inhibit tumor growth but also enhance antitumor immune responses. Thus, we could suggest potent combination therapy for improving immunotherapy with metabolic inhibitors.