• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.327-337
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the direction and significance of variables influencing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) decisions regarding accounting policy in Vietnam. Research data was collected through a survey of 296 subjects, including chief accountants, accountants, managers, and lecturers with practical experience in accounting work at enterprises. With the help of specialized software SPSS, determining the impact of factors on the choice of accounting policy of enterprises is done through a multivariate regression model with control tools Cronbach's alpha determination, EFA factor analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. Research results show that there are seven factors affecting the choice of accounting policy in Vietnamese SMEs; in which, the factors information technology, legal environment, information demand, manager's awareness, and accounting qualification have a positive impact; and two factors are tax pressure, and financial leverage have a negative impact on accounting policy choice. These results are consistent with most of the previously published studies. However, in contrast to many previous studies, our research shows that accounting's psychological factor does not affect the accounting policy choice. This is consistent with the characteristics of SMEs in Vietnam because the role of accountants is not appreciated in the business.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

This article substantiates the scientific provisions for modelling the level of Ukraine's public financial security taking into account the impact of budget policy, in the process of which identified indicators of budget policy that significantly affect the public financial security and the factors of budget policy based on regression analysis do not interact closely with each other. A seven-factor regression equation is constructed, which is statistically significant, reliable, economically logical, and devoid of autocorrelation. The objective function of maximizing the level of public financial security is constructed and strategic guidelines of budget policy in the context of Ukraine's public financial security are developed, in particular: optimization of the structure of budget revenues through the expansion of the resource base; reduction of the budget deficit while ensuring faster growth rates of state and local budget revenues compared to their expenditures; optimization of debt serviced from the budget through raising funds from the sale of domestic government bonds, mainly on a long-term basis; minimization of budgetary risks and existing threats to the public financial security by ensuring long-term stability of budgets etc.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between Management bonuses and earnings stability of the listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The population includes 94 firms selected through systematic sampling. The data is collected from the audited financial statements of the firms provided by TSE's website from 2009 to 2016. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that there is a significant relationship between Management bonuses and earnings stability. The aim of this study primarily investigating the relationship between earnings stability and management bonus. In the case of this target, the next goal of this research is to develop a proposal for legislation in the domain of capital market, students and faculty as well as accounting information users provide research interests. Observations show many companies despite the decline in profitability, bonus managers to continually pay. Increase in listed companies Stock Exchange as well as the importance of communication between earnings quality and bonus managers in Financial Accounting the authors created an incentive to research about this relationship do. The results of this research could be the development of literature done in the past. Thus, more knowledge about the issue of sustainability and its relation to bonus managers the users of accounting information, accounting courses provide students and faculty.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2021

Although accounting is one of the core fields of corporate management, few studies have reported accounting phenomena involving shipping companies. In addition, although financial reporting is very important to shipping companies that use several financial tools such as ship finance and financial lease, it is difficult to identify studies investigating shipping companies' financial reporting, especially their earnings management. The purpose of this study is to analyze accrual earnings management behavior of shipping companies. Companies with high debt ratios and net losses are known to have incentives for earnings management. Due to the nature of the industry, shipping companies have a high debt ratio and often report net losses. Accordingly, shipping companies are expected to engage in substantial earnings management. Based on the analysis of KOSP I companies listed on the Korea Exchange from 2001 to 2020, it was found that shipping companies are engaged in higher levels of earnings management than non-shipping companies. Discretionary accrual was used as a proxy variable for earnings management. Discretionary accrual was measured using the modified Jones model of Dechow et al. (1995) and the performance matched model of Kothari et al.(2005). In this study, significant results were derived by comparatively analyzing the earnings management practices, which is one of the major accounting behaviors of shipping and non-shipping companies. Stakeholders such as external auditors, investors, financial institutions, analysts, and government authorities need to be aware of the earnings management behavior of listed shipping companies during their external audit, financial analysis, and supervision. Finally, listed shipping companies must conduct stricter accounting based on accounting principles.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.119-133
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• 2014

Prior to the 2000s, internal control had not been among the high priority issues in the management's agenda. Since then, however, it has become one of the hottest issues, and has received a significant attention as the means of improving the transparency, sustainability, and competitiveness of a company. The objectives of this paper are to examine if there has been any noticeable changes in the level of internal controls of Korean companies before and after the 2010, and to analyze the underlying drivers and issues thereto. Accounting manipulation and moral hazard were among the factors to cause the Korean financial crisis in 1997 and 2008. Since then, the capital market has had a strong pressure on Korean companies to enhance the transparency of management and accounting while the government has made the laws, requirements, and recommendations to alleviate the moral hazard problems of management and enhance the accounting transparency. Both market and government have driven companies to put more priority on the reliability of financial reporting and the compliance of applicable laws and regulations. Thereby, the market and governmental forces has led companies to enhance the level of internal controls which contribute to the reliability of financial reporting and the compliance The pressure on companies to enhance the level of internal controls may be different across industries. The capital market and government experiencing the severe financial crisis in 1997 and 2008 put even more pressure on financial companies such as banks to upgrade the reliability of financial reporting and the compliance of regulations to the global level than on non-financial companies. A survey is performed on the changes in the level of internal controls of 54 major companies consisting of 10 financial and 44 non-financial companies in Korea. The survey results show that the average level of internal controls of Korean companies has noticeably improved and that the change in the level of control environment factor is higher than that of IT control factor. The analysis on the industry differences shows that financial companies increased the level of control environment factor more than non-financial companies did while non-financial companies upgraded the level of IT control factor more than financial companies did relatively. Among internal control categories, the most improved area since the economic crisis is "Risk Assessment." The global best practices for risk management have been developed primarily in the financial industry and then spread to other industries. The general level of control practices of Korean companies has been improving significantly, but still appears below the global advanced practices.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.131-144
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• 2020

The study investigates the impact of factors on environmental accounting implementation in mining enterprises in Binh Dinh province, Vietnam. The survey was carried out in three phases: 1) a draft survey form; 2) in-depth interviews with experts; 3) design questionnaire. The survey respondents were people who had knowledge of environmental information in mining enterprises in Binh Dinh province, including: accountant, chief accountant, financial deputy director or director. The questionnaire was is sent directly or through Google Form tool. The author received 162 responses votes from the survey respondent, out of which 13 were unusable due to missing data. Thus, 149 valid responses votes were used. This study employs Cronbach's alpha analysis, exploratory factor analysis and multivariate regression analysis. The results showed the influence of five different factors on environmental accounting implementation in mining enterprises in Binh Dinh province: stakeholders pressure, corporate characteristics, coercive pressure of government agencies, environmental awareness of senior managers and accountant qualifications of environmental accounting. While the pressure of stakeholders has a negligible influence, the remaining four factors (coercive pressure of government agencies, environmental awareness of senior executives, business characteristics, accountant qualifications of environmental accounting) have significant effect on environmental accounting implementation in mining enterprises in Binh Dinh province, Vietnam.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.8
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• pp.167-186
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• 2002

Since first introduced on July 1974, consolidated financial statements had been concluded or not depending on decision-makings by companies. But the Securities and Exchange Law as revised on April 1992 specified that any listed corporation must add consolidated financial statements and their auditor's opinion to its business report. foreign-based corporations became subject to the conclusion of the sheets and equity method from the time of business closing on Dec. 1995. Now all of domestic and foreign-based corporations, whether they are controlling or controlled businesses, are subject to consolidated financial statements. Business bankruptcies and restructuring under the economic crisis since the late 1997 raised the necessity of the increased reliability and transparency of consolidated accounting information and significantly changed contents of consolidated audit report. An analysis over the past three years shows that auditor's opinions about consolidated financial sheets are mostly qualified opinions whose proportion is being gradually decreased, while rejected opinions are annually increasing in proportion. When compared to the year of 1998, the numbers of those controlled businesses, and companies under the equity method were all decreased, but rather increased when determined on the basis of such numbers per a corporation. This suggests that corporations are promoting business diversification through business separation and share acquisition and advancing into foreign markets as well as domestic ones. Especially, special contents included in consolidated auditing report show a tendency to increase annually. Based on all these findings, the strengthening of accounting regulation will lead to providing more reliable information related to auditor's opinion about consolidated financial statements and raising the information effectiveness and validity of the statements as publicly notified.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.1069-1075
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• 2020

This research is aimed at examining the effect of the implementation of ABAS and BR on GFP with FDM as mediation. Respondent of research is 100 civil servants at the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration of the Ministry of Home Affairs for the Republic of Indonesia. Data analysis is done with WarpPLS. Result of research shows that the implementation of ABAS has direct and indirect effects on GFP, and the indirect effect involves the mediation of FDM. Other result indicate that the making of proper financial decisions will help improving GFP. The effectiveness of financial decisions are able to mediate the implementation of ABAS in improve GFP. Meanwhile, BR does not affect GFP, either directly or indirectly through FDM. BR seems oriented more toward improving public service and people's welfare. This research suggests that the next research should examine whether the implementation of BR can improve governmental organizational performance in delivering public service. This research has proven that the implementation of ABAS has helped in improving the quality of FDM, while the other benefit is that this system improves GFP. Moreover, this research also gives confirmation that accounting information in good quality will be very useful in FDM.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.329-340
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• 2020

This study investigates the effect of capital structure on the financial performance of pharmaceutical enterprises which are listing on Vietnam's stock market. The study builds the regression using ROE as dependent variable and four independent variables, including self-financing, financial leverage, long-term asset and debt to assets ratios. In addition, we use other variables as controlling ones, such as firm size, fixed asset rate and growth. We collect data for the period from 2015 to 2019 of all 30 pharmaceutical enterprises which are currently listing on Vietnam's stock market. The least square regression (OLS) is used to test the effect of capital structure to the firms' financial performance. The analysis results show that the financial leverage ratio (LR), long-term asset ratio (LAR) and debt-to-assets ratio (DR) have positive relationship with firm performance, meanwhile the self-financing (E/C) affects negatively to the return on equity (ROE). Upon the findings we suggest that the Vietnamese government should focus on stabilizing macro environment to create favorable environment for enterprises. And the pharmaceutical enterprises should build more reasonable capital structure with higher debt proportion than equity, diversifying loan mobilization channels such as issuing long-term bonds. Additionally, the firms should expand the scale appropriately to maintain development and ability to pay debts.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between portfolio quality and financial sustainability of microfinance institutions in Kenya. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The analysis was based on a panel dataset of 30 microfinance institutions for the period of 2010 to 2018. Data was obtained from the Microfinance information exchange (MIX) database, and it was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of STATA. Based on the results of the Hausman test, the study adopted the fixed effect regression model to test the research hypothesis. Results: The study found that portfolio quality had a positive significant effect on financial sustainability of Microfinance institutions in Kenya (β= 0. 211; p-value < 0.05). For the control variables; firm age had a positive effect (β= 0.773; p-value <0.05), while firm size (β= -0. 749; p-value < 0.05) had a negative effect on financial sustainability. Conclusions: The study concluded that portfolio quality has an important influence on the financial sustainability of microfinance institution. The study recommends that managers of microfinance institutions should devise good collection policies to improve portfolio quality while lessening loan default rate. The portfolio quality may improve the overall profitability and enhance investor confidence in their strategic decision-making on refinancing.