• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.84-92
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• 2003

Schools should be a safe and comfortable environment for learning and studying. However, school facilities are usually used by many students during restricted time. These conditions such as many people, restricted time and space mold a chain of school accidents. In Korea, the school accidents are increasing annually and many students experience 'big or small incidents' and are exposed to 'potential accidents'. In this study, I investigated the present situation of the elementary schools' accidents in In-Cheon area, and analyzed the various characteristics of them. The accidents in elementary school have tendencies of occuring frequently in higher grade and boy students relatively. As analyzed in the place of accident, classrooms have a set of factors of accident, on the other hand, corridor and staircase show single distinct cause of safety problem. And also, the major portion of accidents is associated with the door in restroom and entrance space. In order to reduce the severity and frequency of school accidents, there should be needed multilateral and interdisciplinary approach. To achieve the safe school environments, this study focused on establishing a foundation of practical directions in designing elementary schools.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.59-78
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• 1998

'90년대에 들어서면서 급속한 경제성장과 함께 자동차수가 급증하여 '97년에는 1.000만대를 돌파 하였다. 자동차수의 증가와 함께 교통사고도 나날이 늘어 '96년에는 사망자가 12,600여명에 이르렀다. 교 통사고는 막대한 인명피해와 함께 사회적으로 많은 비용을 소모한다. 교통사고로 인한 사회적 비용의 추정은 교통안전사업의 효과분석 및 기타 교통관련사업에서 꼭 필요한 자료이다. 이제까지 국내에서 수 행된 교통사고비용은 1년간의 전체 사고비용만을 추정하고 사고등급별 사고건당 사고비용은 도출하지 못하였다. 이에 본연구는 교통관련사업에서 꼭필요한 자료이다. 이제까지 국내에서 수행된 교통사고 비 용은 1년간의 전체 사고비용만을 추정하고 사고등급별 사고건당 사고비용은 도출하지 못하였다. 이에 본 연구는 교통관련사업에 필수적인 사고심각도에 따른 교통사고비용을 도출하려한다. 교통사고비용을 산출하는 대표적인 방법에는 총생산손실법과 개인선호성법이 있으나 본연구에서는 총생산손실법을 이용 하였다. 교통사고비용 항목은 사고로 인한 생산손실비용, 의료비용, 차량수리비용, 행정비용 및 PGS(Pain, Grief & Suffering) 비용으로 구분된다. 이중에서 PGS비용은 국내에서는 처음으로 고려된 항 목으로 교통사고 피해자 및 가족의 물질적·정신적 피해비용을 의미한다. 본연구에서는 각 항목의 비용 추계를 가능한 한 종합적이고 체계적이며 구체적으로 산출하였으며 그결과 사고등급별 건당 교통사고비 용을 도출하였다. PGS를 고려하지 않은 경우 사망사고 1건당 2억4천만원이고 중상사고 1건당 2천3백만 원 경상사고 1건당 7백 9십만원으로 추정되었다. 또한 사망자와 부상자 1인당 평균사고비용은 각각 2억 1천만원과 1천1백만원으로 나타났다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.151-165
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• 2019

Background: Despite improvements in safety performance, the number and severity of mining-related injuries remain high and unacceptable, indicating that further reduction can be achieved. This study examines occupational accident statistics of the Ghanaian mining industry and identifies priority areas, warranting intervention measures and further investigations. Methods: A total of 202 fatal and nonfatal injury reports over a 10-year period were obtained from five mines and the Inspectorate Division of the Minerals Commission of Ghana, and they were analyzed. Results: Results of the analyses show that the involvement of mining equipment, the task being performed, the injury type, and the mechanism of injury remain as priorities. For instance, mining equipment was associated with 85% of all injuries and 90% of all fatalities, with mobile equipment, component/part, and hand tools being the leading equipment types. In addition, mechanics/repairmen, truck operators, and laborers were the most affected ones, and the most dangerous activities included maintenance, operating mobile equipment, and clean up/clearing. Conclusion: Results of this analysis will enable authorities of mines to develop targeted interventions to improve their safety performance. To improve the safety of the mines, further research and prevention efforts are recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2019

The coastal composite fishery has the highest rate of around 30.0% in registered fishing vessels of Korea for the last three years. The risk analysis for the fisher's safety of coastal composite fishing vessels was conducted to serve as a basic data for improving the healthy and safe working environment of fisher using fisher's occupational accidents of the national federation of fisheries cooperatives (NFFC) from 2016 to 2018 (n = 1,105). As a result, the occupational accident occurrence rate of coastal composite fishery was 3.76% in all industries, 7.8 times the rate of that. In addition, death and missing rate was found to have a serious level management to 10.10‱. Among the accidents, 76.0% occurred at sea. The slipping, others and contact with machinery or fishing gear occurred more frequently in order in the frequency of accident occurrence pattern. In the risk assessment using frequency and severity, slipping, contact with machinery and others showed high risk during fishing. The results are expected to contribute to identification and assessment of safety hazard occurred in coastal composite fishing vessels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

In this study, we aimed to identify the important hazard factors and determine their criticality in causing serious accidents in vehicle-mounted mobile elevated work platforms (MEWPs). Fuzzy failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)was performed using accident data and a survey of experts. To determine the hazard factors, the accident data for the last 10 years were used and a questionnaire survey was designed. The questionnaire survey was sent to four experts in the field of occupational safety to determine the severity, occurrence, and detectability of serious accidents in MEWPs. Furthermore, objective RPN scores and risk priority were obtained using fuzzy FMEA. Finally, the criticality of hazard factors in descending order was found to be overloading, non-installation or defective installation of outriggers, breakage due to wire rope aging, and illegal remodeling of vehicle structures. The results were verified by comparing the occurrence data of serious disasters.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

New Car Assessment Program(NCAP) provides consumers with vehicle safety information, primarily front and side crash rating results, and more recently rollover ratings, to aid consumers in their vehicle purchase decisions. NCAP is a system to improve driver and passenger safety by providing market incentives for vehicle manufacturers to voluntarily design their vehicles to better protect drivers and passengers in a crash and be less susceptible to rollover, rather than by regulatory directives. NCAP have been performed since 1999 in Korea by the government in order to reduce fatalities and injuries caused by traffic accidents. Although as the number of vehicles models increases, more vehicle models are required to be test and NCAP is evaluated as a valuable system for vehicle safety, the expansion of the system is slow. It looks like that the benefit of NCAP quantitatively was not verified. In this study, based on the idea that the benefit of the NCAP is defined as the decrease of traffic accident severity by improving vehicle safety, a methodology to analyze the effectiveness of NCAP quantitatively in terms of traffic safety was developed. According to the developed methodology, the reduced numbers of fatalities and injuries were 1.51 and 466 in 2005.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.75-79
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• 2017

Purpose: Although trauma is the most common cause of death under age 18, Korean national pediatric trauma data has lack of clinical data. This study is to prepare manpower resources, equipment, and make a correct policy decision on pediatric trauma victims Methods: The study enrolled 528 patients under age 16 with traumatic injury visited Wonju Severance Christian Hostpital Trauma Center, from February 12, 2015 to December 31, 2016. We analyzed the distribution of gender, age, place and time of the accident, injury mechanism, injury severity, and injured organ by medical record. Results: The major injury mechanisms were blunt injury in 485 (91.90%), penetrating injury in 27 (5.10%), burn in 13 (2.50%), near drowning in 2 (0.40%), and foreign body ingestion in 1 (0.20%). Ninety-seven (18.4%) patients were injured at home and 67 (12.7%) patients were injured at school. The overall mortality rate was 1.13% (n=6). 5 mortalities were related to automobile accident and one was fall down. Mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 4 (2, 8). No statistical significance was observed in the mean ISS between each age group. The peak time of accident occurrence was between 16 and 17 o'clock. The mean ISS was higher in blunt injury group than penetrating injury with statistical significance ($6.50{\pm}7.60$ vs. $3.00{\pm}8.10$; p<0.05). The most common injury site was upper extremity. Mean ISS was highest in thorax injury. However, mean ISS of thorax injury was higher with statistical significance only compared with face, neck and upper extremity injury. Conclusions: We reported our pediatric trauma patients data of our hospital level I trauma center, which is the only one level I trauma center of Gangwon Province. These data is useful to prevent and prepare for pediatric trauma.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 1981

Of 2,740 industries in Jeonbug area which are covered by industrial insurance policy, 462 facilities which the accidents related to industry occured during the year of 1979 were studied. and the results are summarized as follows: 1. The accidents related to industry occured in 462 industries of the total 2,740 industrial facilities in Jeonbug area as of 1979. 2. The incidence rate of accident per 1,000 workers was 34.3 (49.2 in male workers and 12.8 in female workers), the frequency rate of the total industries in jeonbug area was 13.36, and severity rate was 1.3. 3. The frequency rates and severity rates by type of industry in study area were quite different to compare with those of national rates. 4. The incidence rate of construction industry was 223.6 per 1,000 workers, and that of transportation-communication industries were 78.6. 5. The proportion of industrial accidents of $20{\sim}24$ age group was 22.1 per cent of the total accidents, and the proportions decreased according to age increase. 6. The incidence rate in the industry having less than 49 workers was 20.6 per 1,000 workers, that of industry with $50{\sim]99$ workers was 26.7, that of industry with $100{\sim}199$ was 51.9, that of industry with $200{\sim}499$ was 80.2 and that of with more than 500 worker was 40.7. 7. The accidents which occured in the workers with experience of less than one year was 69.4 per cent of the total accidents, otherwise, the longer the workers have worked the less accident they have. 8. The most accidents occured in tile shift between 10 to 12 o'clock, and 16 to 18 hour 9. The primary causes of the industrial accidents were found to be collisions, machinery falling objects and falls. 10. The site of injury by type of industry were quite different, and the major site of injury was finger. 11. The laceration and open injuries of the accidents related to industry were 37.2 per cent of the total cases, and fractures or dislocations were 23.5 per cent, and contusions were 6.5 per cent. 12. Death rate of industrial accident was 5.0 per 10,000 workers, and those of industry were 47.6 in transportation, 42.8 in construction industry, 24.4 in mine industry, and 2.0 in manufacturing industry.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.53-66
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• 2013

The major purpose of this study is to evaluate methodologies to predict the injury severity of pedestrian-vehicle collisions. Methodologies to be evaluated and compared in this study include Binary Logistic Regression(BLR), Ordered Probit Model(OPM), Support Vector Machine(SVM) and Decision Tree(DT) method. Valuable insights into applying methodologies to analyze the characteristics of pedestrian injury severity are derived. For the purpose of identifying causal factors affecting the injury severity, statistical approaches such as BLR and OPM are recommended. On the other hand, to achieve better prediction performance, heuristic approaches such as SVM and DT are recommended. It is expected that the outcome of this study would be useful in developing various countermeasures for enhancing pedestrian safety.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2009

A safety assessment was performed through the process analysis of hydrogen station. The purpose of this study provides basic information for the standard establishment about hydrogen stations. The processes of hydrogen stations were classified by four steps (process of manufacture, compression, storage, charge). FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) method was applied to evaluate safety. Each risk element is following; S (severity), O (occurrence), D (detection). And the priority of order was decided by using RPN (Risk Priority Number) value multiplying three factors. Scenarios were generated based on FMEA results. And consequence analysis was practiced using PHAST program. In the result of C.A, jet fire and explosion were shown as accident types. In case of leakage of feed line in PSA process, concentration of CO gas is considered to prevent CO gas poisoning when the raw material that can product CO gas was used.