• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
• /
• v.54 no.11
• /
• pp.669-672
• /
• 2005

An algorithm detecting abrupt and gradual shot boundaries is proposed in this Paper. The conventional methods detect abrupt shot boundaries well, but do not show good performance on gradual shot boundaries. The proposed method Is based on the fact that the difference of the characteristic between frames is large when the shot conversion occurs. And the Proposed method detects abrupt and gradual shot boundaries with one algorithm. Moreover, it detects not only position where gradual shot conversion occurs, but also the exact duration where gradual shot conversion occurs.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 2000

This paper describes an efficient algorithm for shot boundary detection in MPEG video stream. There are two types of shot boundary: abrupt and gradual. The proposed algorithm for detecting the abrupt shot boundaries used DCT DC value in compressed domain. The proposed algorithm of the gradual change detection consists of two-pass mechanism. In the first pass, the expected positions of shot boundaries are extracted using ratio value of motion vectors. After decoding frames that are extracted in the first pass, we will make the dissolving image using (n)th and (n+2)th image of expected position. The gradual shot boundaries are selected by similarity of the dissolving image and the image of (n+1)th expected position. As applying the algorithm for detecting shot boundaries, the gradual changes as well as the abrupt changes are detected efficiently. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is computationally fast for detecting shot boundaries and robust to the variation of the video characteristic that is different for the kind of videos.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.12 no.2 s.46
• /
• pp.103-109
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we detect shot boundaries using $X^2$-histogram comparison method which have enough spatial information that is more robust to the camera or object motion and produce more precise results. Also, we present normalization method to change Log-Formula and constant that is used for contrast enhancement of image in image processing and apply in difference value. And, present shot boundary detection algorithm to detect shot boundary based on general shot and abrupt shot's characteristic.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.5902-5909
• /
• 2011

In this paper, we propose a new method to detect abrupt and gradual shot transitions of video data by using certainty factors. The abrupt transitions denotes cuts and the gradual transitions fade in, fade out, dissolve, horizontal wipes, vertical wipes, Barn Doors, and Iris Rounds. The suggested method first extracts representative features for each shot transition and determines corresponding shot transitions by integrating all the extracted features and inferring adequate transitions. To verify the performance of the proposed shot transition method, experimental results show that the suggested method can detect shot transitions more accurately than existing methods.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.06a
• /
• pp.259-262
• /
• 2002

We propose a new algorithm to detect shot change, which is necessary in retrieval of video data. In order to solve the problems of abrupt brightness change and similar brightness between frames in the typical shot change methods, we propose the hi-polarity histogram method which takes into account the distribution and magnitude of brightness changes in consecutive frames. We evaluate our algorithm with compressed and uncompressed video data and demonstrate its improved performance.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.304-308
• /
• 2001

The increase of video data makes the demand of efficient retrieval, storing, and browsing technologies necessary. In this paper, a video segmentation method (scene change detection method, or shot boundary detection method) for the development of such systems is proposed. For abrupt cut detection, inter-frame similarities are computed using luminance and edge histograms and a cut is declared when the similarities are under th predetermined threshold values. A gradual scene change detection is based on the similarities between the current frame and the previous shot boundary frame. A correlation method is used to obtain universal threshold values, which are applied to various video data. Experimental results show that propose method provides 90% precision and 98% recall rates for abrupt cut, and 59% precision and 79% recall rates for gradual change.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.751-754
• /
• 2000

In this paper, we propose an efficient method to detect abrupt shot changes in compressed MPEG video data by using reference ratios among video frames. The reference ratios among video frames imply the degree of similarities among adjacent frames by prediction coded type of each frames. A shot change is detected if the similarity degrees of a frame and its adjacent frames are low. This paper proposes an efficient shot change detection algorithm by using Fuzzy c-means(FCM) clustering algorithm. The FCM clustering uses the shot change probabilities evaluated in the mask matching of reference ratios and difference measure values based on frame reference ratios.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.38 no.6
• /
• pp.712-720
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we propose an efficient method to detect abrupt shot changes in a video sequence using an unsupervised clustering. Conventional clustering-based shot change detection algorithms use multiple features in order to overcome the shortcomings of a single feature. In such methods it is very important to determine the appropriate initial cluster centers well. In this paper we propose a modified k-means clustering algorithm which estimates the initial cluster center adaptively. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm works well.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2004

In this paper, we propose a transmission rate prediction method of video data. The proposed method checks shot transition characteristics after dividing MPEG video data into a GoP unit and then uses Kalman filter. It used algorithm to detect shot transition information by high speed in compressed domain in order to check a correct shot transition of video data and classified into a abrupt shot transition type and a gradual shot transition type. Information to have been classifying is used as factors of Kalman filter and predicts a transmission rate of video data. Also, the proposed method decreased processing time with detecting shot transition and predicting a transmission rate of video data in compressed domain. It predicted a transmission rate with 96.2- 97.6% in the experiment that used three kinds of 911 1frames of different video data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.10
• /
• pp.523-532
• /
• 2013

When the golf club hits the ground prior to making contact with the golf ball, we define it as 'fat shot'. The aim of this research was to investigate the difference between normal shot and fat shot in golf. Five candidates playing as recreational golfer participated in this research and they were all right-handed people. Time phase between each event, wrist cocking angle, elbow extension-flexion angle, backswing height, pelvis angle, thorax angle, L-GRF, R-GRF, pelvis linear velocity, pelvis angular velocity and COG path were calculated. For statistical analysis the paired T-test was used. An early un-cocking, an early right elbow extension and impact with leaving their weight behind foot were not reasons of fat shot. Backswing height, X-Factor, pelvis angle and thorax rotation angle were not different between normal shot and fat shot. But we could find a pattern of abrupt pelvic movement and weight shift to target direction just before impact in case of fat shot. In addition fat shot showed time-delayed and small value of pelvis linear velocity pattern to upward during downswing phase as against normal shot.