• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1451-1462
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• 2007

Heavy metal concentrations in the soil were investigated for the abandoned Samkwang metal mine, Cheongyang-Gun, Chungnam Province, Korea. The concentrations of heavy metal(As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) were determined in mine soils collected at the abandoned mine sites to obtain a general classification and specification of the pollution in this highly polluted region. The results estimated with the normal test and basis statistic on the central tendency and variation showed that the distribution of heavy metal concentration had significantly different at the range of all locations. The range of spatial distribution on the relationship of heavy metal concentration and pH was $4.8{\sim}8.8$ and heavy metal concentration on the type of land use was highest in forest land, and also Ni and Zn in farm and rice field showed the high concentration. The distribution of heavy metal concentration on the depth of a soil showed that the metal concentrations in subsoil were higher than of those in surface soil, while the concentration of Cu and Ni had no significant difference on the depth of soil. Results from the correlation analysis using the data except the extreme and unusual data revel that Zn-Cd(r=0.867), Zn-As(r=0.797), Zn-Pb(r=0.764), Cu-Cd(r=0.673), Cu-As(r=0.614) and Zn-Ni(r=0.605) were the most important parameters in assessing variations of heavy metal in soil. To discriminate pattern differences and similarities among samples, principal factor analysis(PFA) and cluster analysis(CF) were performed using a correlation matrix. This study suggests that PFA and CF techniques are useful tools for identification of important heavy metal and parameters. This study presents the necessity and usefulness of multivariate statistical assessment of complex databases in order to get better information about the quality of soil and gives the basis information to clean up the abandoned mine sites.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2010

Several mines including Namil, Solim and Jungbong which are located in the Gyeonggi and Kangwon province have been abandoned and closed since 1980 due to "The promotion policy of mining industry". An enormous amount of mining wastes was disposed without proper treatment, which caused soil pollution in tailing dam and ore-dressing plant areas. However, any quantitative assessment was not performed about soil and water pollution by transporting mining wastes such as acid mine drainage, mine tailing, and rocky waste. In this research, heavy metals in mining wastes were analyzed according to leaching method which used 0.1 N HCl and total solution method which used Aqua-regia to recognize the ecological effect of distance from hot spot. We sampled tailings, rocky wastes and soils around the abandoned mine. Chemical and physical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), soil texture and heavy metal concentration were analyzed. The range of soil's pH is between 4.3 and 6.4 in the tailing dam and oredressing plant area due to mining activity. Total concentrations of As, Cu, and Pb in soil near ore dressing plant area are 250.9, 249.3 and 117.2 mg/kg respectively, which are higher than any other ones near tailing dam area. Arsenic concentration in tailing dams is 31.0 mg/kg, which is also considered as heavily polluted condition comparing with the remediation required level(RRL) in "Soil environment conservation Act".

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2010

In this study, primary investigation for evaluation of abandoned metal mine effect on watershed has been done. 64 abandoned mines have been selected for primary investigation through literature and field survey. 216 soil and 90 water samples were collected and metal pollution concentrations were analyzed. 24 mines have mine water in the pits and acid water below pH 5 was not observed. Soils from 35 mines were over the soil basis of concern and 16 mines were over the soil basis of action. Arsenic average concentration was 188 times of average concentration of the natural background. Drinking water samples from 3 mines were over the drinking water standard and surface water samples from 12 mines were over the river water standard. Integrated pollution index, which was resulted from the integration of field survey, soil and water pollution concentration, showed that, abandoned metal mines had affected on watershed greatly in the order of Samgeum, Daedeok, Cheongdalgeum, Heungsin, Yeongdae and Myeongbong mines.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.733-737
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to investigate soil chemical properties for forest rehabilitation and suggest design and management in abandoned coal mine areas in Mungyeong, Gyeongsangbuk-do. Total study sites were 10 sites, and soil analysis particular were soil pH, TOC, total-N, C/N ratio, A.v. $P_2O_5$, and CEC. Because most of study sites showed soil pH from 5.0 to 7.0, it seems that soil pH does not affect growth of vegetation. But soil pH in Danbong1 was acidic (pH 4.6), so it is needed to improve with ameliorant such as limestone. Most of study sites is necessary to manage for organic matter and Nitrogen, because there sites showed lower value of TOC and total-N than general forest. The values of A.v. $P_2O_5$ and CEC were good in most of study sites, so it seems that they do not have effect on vegetation growth. All of soil factors has no regression according to elapsed time after rehabilitation. TOC, total-N and A.v. $P_2O_5$ among soil properties have positive relationship between each other. It is necessary to fertilizer for organic matter and Nitroge because of value in TOC, total-N and C/N ratio. The results of this study were analyzed only one time. So, long-term monitoring for soil properties is important for the correct forest rehabilitation and management.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 폐광지의 환경 친화적인 식생 복원에 이용할 향토 수종 및 내성 수종을 선발하기 위하여 탄광 폐석지에 나타난 자연 이입종과 주변 산림 식생과의 연관성을 밝히는데 있다. 강원도 태백에 위치한 폐광지 주변 산림의 식생을 조사한 결과, 소도동의 교목층에서는 9종류, 아교목층에서는 13종류, 관목 층에서는 23종류 그리고 초본층에서는 23종류가 출현 하였다. 싸리재의 경우, 교목층에서는 6종류, 아교목층에서는 15종류, 관목층에서는 31종류 그리고 초본층에서는 25종류가 출현하였다. 1차 천이적인 단계에 있는 폐석지에서 출현한 종을 조사한 결과, 소도동에서는 31종류가 자연 이입종으로 나타났으며, 싸리재에서는 30종류가 출현하였다. 폐석지에서 출현한 종은 대조구인 소도동의 45종, 싸리재의 54종보다 훨씬 적었다. 탄광 폐석지와 주변 산림에서 공통으로 출현한 수종은 소도동의 경우 박달나무 등 6종, 싸리재의 경우 거제수나무 등 4종이었다. 즉 탄광 폐석지는 주변 산림의 상층림을 형성하고 있는 수종에서 종자가 이입되어 생존을 시도하고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 특히 싸리재의 거제수나무는 주변 산림과 폐석지 경계부터 군집을 형성하고 있어 식생의 주변 효과를 나타냈으며, 소도동에서는 박달나무 등의 종자가 이입되어 자연적인 식생 복원이 이루어지고 있었다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때 교란된 지역에서의 식생 복원은 주변 산림 구 성종과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 추정되었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.19-21
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• 2001

The Shiheung mine was closed in 1972 and has been abandoned since then. Although some restoration work has been done, there still remain mine failings in and around the mine, posing a potential environmental hazard. Mine tailings and the porewater extracted from the tailing were investigated to see any evidence of elemental release and migration to adjacent groundwater and soil in the field. The pHs of the tailing range from 6.24 to 7.23. Calcite in the studied area seems to influence on such neutral pH range. Depth profile of mine tailing demonstrate elements have been leached and removed as a consequence of weathering during disposal. This is also supported by the findings from porewater analysis, corresponding the trends in the mine tailings. The concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn in the tailing porewater exceed the standard value of EPA for drinking water and this implies groundwater can be contaminated through infiltration of the porewaters, which ultimately will be discharged as leachate from the mine tailing. Groundwater samples collected near the mine area do not show high metal concentrations, except for Fe, which were detected over drinking water standard.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2020

본 연구는 대한민국 충청도에 위치한 폐광산을 대상으로 오염경로를 분석하기 위해 갱구, 하천 퇴적토 및 인근 농경지의 중금속 오염 확산 특성을 조사하였다. 연구대상지역에서 갱내수 유출지점으로부터 약 61 m까지 적화현상이 관찰되었고 총 1800 ㎥의 폐석 유실구간이 확인하였다. 갱내수는 우기기간동안 pH 4.9, 황산염의 농도 1557.8 mg/L를 나타냈다. 동일한 기간에 황산염 농도는 하천시료에서 평균 773.6 mg/L으로 나타났다. 하천에서 채취한 황갈색 시료를 분석한 결과 침철석과 페리하이드라이트(ferrihydrite)로 나타났다. 본 연구지역의 주요 오염원은 폐석 손실에 의한 것으로 여겨지며 토양오염우려기준을 초과한 오염 필지는 총 10,297 ㎡로 산정되었다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2002

GIS(Geographic Information System; 지리정보시스템)를 이용한 폐광지역의 지반침하 분석에 있어 효율적인 데이터베이스 구축 및 DBMS(Database Management System; 데이터베이스 관리시스템)의 이용이 요구된다. 이를 위해 폐광지역의 지반침하 분석에 있어 효율적인 분석이 가능하도록 그에 적합한 데이터 구조와 분석방법을 모색하였다. 지반침하 관리시 요구되는 갱도위치, 지하수위, 침하 실측치, 침하 균열 등과 같은 공간 정보에 대한 적합한 모델을 설정하고 데이터베이스를 구축하였다.

• 지질공학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.579-598
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• 2019

강원도 태백산국립공원 구역에 인접한 동해폐탄광으로부터 발생하는 산성광산배수(AMD)에 대하여 수질오염과 하상퇴적물 내 Fe, Al의 거동특성을 화학분석, XRD, 적외선분광분석(IR), 핵자기공명분석(²⁷Al NMR)을 이용하여 연구하였다. 산성광산배수의 수질은 pH와 용존이온의 침전에 따라서 변화하며, 포화지수 계산에 따르면 대부분 다양한 철, 알루미늄 수산화광물종에 과포화되어 있다. 하상의 적갈색 침전물은 슈베르트마나이트, 페리하이드라이트와 침철석으로 구성된다. 백색침전물은 대부분 알루미늄광물인 배스알루미나이트로 구성되는데, 이것의 결정도는 매우 낮다. 배스알루미나이트에서는 Al-중합체 Al₁₃-Tridecamer가 소량으로 함유되어 있다. 동해폐탄광의 산성광산배수를 저감하기 위해서는 단순한 저류조 운영보다는 적극적인 제거법을 적용하여 철, 알루미늄 광물의 침전과 용해도를 조절할 필요가 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2011

In Okdong coal mine abandoned area, every year large amount of mine wastes have been swept away due to heavy rains in summer. Because pH of coal-mine waste is in the early 4, plant naturally does not grow there due to unfavorable condition for growing plant. This study had an experiment to grow plant for 6 months using Mycorrhizae which can be adapted well in acid soil. As a result of Experiment, In the infected experiment pot, 90% of the plants survived but in case of uninfected experiment pot, only 25% were alive. From Growth Experiment, it appeared that average stem length increase (cm/month), average fresh weight increase ($g^{fw}/month$), average dry weight increase ($g^{dw}/month$) were increased by 60%, 21%, 31% respectively. Especially, Mycorrhizae plays an important role in providing nutrients and water when seeding are established. Mycorrhizae prevents death caused by lack of nutrients and water and helps growth and development of plant when seeding are established in the early stage. This study proved that Mycorrhizae is comparatively effective in plant growth and prevention of erosion in coal-mine abandoned area.