• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1974

The effect of ginseng on the ATPase activity of rabbit ref cell membrane has been investigated. The experiments were also designed to determine whether the components of ginseng could be attributed to the effect on ATPase activity which dependent upon sodium plus potassium and is sensitive to ouabain. The following results were observed. 1. The activity of the $Na^{+}-K^{+}-ATPase$ from red cell membrane is stimulated by ginseng, and the concentration of ginseng for half-maximal activity is about 15 mg%. The pH optimum for the ginseng sensitive component is 7.6. 2. The portion of the enzyme activity stimulated by ginseng is completely abolished by ouabain. 3. The activating effect of ginseng on the ATPase, with a given concentration of sodium in the medium, is increased by raising the potassium concentration but activity ratio is decreased. 4. The activating effect of ginseng on the ATPase, with a given concentration of potassium in the medium, is increased by raising the sodium concentration but the activity ratio is decreased. 5. The ATPase activity is increased by small amounts of calcium but inhibited by larger amounts and the rate of activity by ginseng is constant. 6. The action of ginseng on the ATPase activity was not related to the sulfhydryl group of cysteine, the amino group of lysine, the imidazole group of histidine, the quanidinium group of arginine, the carboxyl group of aspartic acid, or the hydroxyl group of threonine. 7. The activating effect of ginseng on the ATPase activity may be not due to a saponin which is contained in ginseng.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.2173-2179
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• 2017

The intracytoplasmic membrane of Rhodobacter sphaeroides readily vesiculates when cells are lysed. The resulting chromatophore membrane vesicle (CMV) contains the photosynthetic machineries to synthesize ATP by ATPase. The light-dependent ATPase activity of CMV was lowered in the presence of $O_2$, but the activity increased to the level observed under anaerobic condition when the reaction mixture was supplemented with ascorbic acid (${\geq}0.5mM$). Cell lysis in the presence of biotinyl cap phospholipid (bcp) resulted in the incorporation of bcp into the membrane to form biotinylated CMV (bCMV), which binds to streptavidin resin at a ratio of approximately $24{\mu}g$ bacteriochlorophyll a/ml resin. The ATPase activity of CMV was not affected by biotinylation, but approximately 30% of the activity was lost by immobilization to resin. Interestingly, the remaining 70% of ATPase activity stayed constant during 7-day storage at $4^{\circ}C$. On the contrary, the ATPase activity of bCMV without immobilization gradually decreased to approximately 40% of the initial level in the same comparison. Thus, the ATPase activity of CMV is sustainable after immobilization, and the immobilized bCMV can be used repeatedly as an ATP generator.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-164
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• 1986

Since it has been reported that vanadate inhibits $Ca^{++}-ATPase$ activity without affecting $Ca^{++}$ uptake, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of vanadate on $Ca^{++}-ATPase$ activity and $Ca^{++}$ uptake in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of rat skeletal muscle. The following results were obtained. 1) $Ca^{++}$ activated ATPase activity of the intact sarcoplasmic reticulum was significantly inhibited when vanadate was added to the incubation medium at concentration greater than $10^{-6}\;M$. However $Mg^{++}$-ATPase activity of the intact SR was not affected by vanadate at concentrations ranging from $10^{-7}\;to\;10^{-4}\;M.$ Similarly, $Ca^{++}-ATPase$ activity in sonicated sarcoplasmic reticulum was significantly reduced by vanadate at a concentration $10^{-7}$ M or higher. 2) The uptake of $Ca^{++}$ by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum was also inhibited by vanadate under the conditions where the turnover rate of $Ca^{++}-ATPase$ was made to increase. These results suggest that the inhibition of $Ca^{++}$ uptake by vanadate may be correlated with that of $Ca^{++}-ATPase$ if experimental conditions are properly set.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1972

The author studied the actions of ouabain and diphenylhydantoin sodium on the ATPase activity in mitochondrial fraction isolated from rabbit heart and compared with that of quinidine. The results obtained are as follows: 1) In studying the $(Na^++K^+)-activated$ ATPase activity, the rabbit heart isolated was immediately frozen for 7-9 days (ageing of preparation) and thereafter the mitochondria1 fraction obtained by differential centrifugation technic was treated with solution A containing 0.15% deoxycholate for 24-48 hours at $-10^{\circ}C$ before using in experiment. These methods increased the activity ratio to 0.87-0.98. 2) The $(Na^++K^+)-activated$ ATPase activity in mitochondrial fraction of rabbit heart was not completely but markedly inhibited by ouabain. This inhibitory action of ouabain was moderately antagonised by $K^+$ concentration at constant Na concentration. 3) Diphenylhydantoin sodium in concentration of $5{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}10^{-3}M$ stimulated markedly not only $Mg^{++}-dependent$ ATPase activity but also $(Na^++K^+)$-activated ATPase activity and in concentration lower than $10^{-6}M$ had little effect. However, this effect of diphenylhydantoin was markedly increased in the presence of $Na^+$ alone rather than $K^+$ alone, but lesser than that effect in the presence of both $Na^+$ and $K^+$, together. The stimulating effect of diphenylhydantoin was specifically antagonized by ouabaion. 4) When the rabbits were intravenously injected with ouabain and diphenylhydantion respectively, $(Na^++K^+)-activated$ ATPase activity of rabbit heart of ouabain-treated group was much decreased and both $(Na^++K^+)-activated$ ATPase and $Mg^{++}-activated$ ATPase activity were moderately increased in diphenylhydantoin-treated rabbit group. 5) The $(Na^++K^+)-activated$ ATPase activity in mitochondrial fraction of rabbit heart was slightly inhibited by quinidine in high concentration of $10^{-4}M$, but nearly little effect was observed below the concentration of $5{\times}10^{-5}M$. 6) It might be possible to conclude that diphenylhydantoin specifically antagonised the action of ouabain on the membrane ATPase, which is different from the action of quinidine.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.281-294
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• 1995

The effect of Sam Hwa San on the Na-K-ATPase activity was evaluated in microsomal fraction prepared from rabbit cerebral cortex to determine whether Sam Hwa San affects Na-K-ATPase activity of nervous system. Sam Hwa San markedly inhibited the Na-K-ATPase activity in a dose-dependent manner with an estimated $I_{50}$ of 0.12%. Optimal pH for the Na-K-ATPase activity was at 7.5 in the presence or absence of Sam Hwa San. The degree of inhibition by the drug more increased at acidic and alkalic pHs than neutral pH. Kinetic studies of substrate and cationic activation of the enzyme indicate classic noncompetitive inhibition fashion for ATP, Na and K, showing significant reduction in Vmax without a change in Km. Dithiothreitol, a sulfhydryl reducing reagent, partially protects the inhibition of Na-K-ATPase activity by Sam Hwa San. Combination of Sam Hwa San and ouabain showed higher inhibition than cumulative inhibition. These results suggest that Sam Hwa San inhibits Na-K-ATPase activity in central nervous system by reacting with, at least a part, sulfhydryl group and ouabain binding site of the enzyme protein, but with different binding site from those of ATP, Na and K.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.264-276
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• 1996

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Samhwasan on the Na-K-ATPase activity of heart muscle. The Na-K-ATPase activity was prepared from rabbit heart ventricles. Samhwasan markedly inhibited the Na- K - ATPase activity in a dose-dependent manner with an estimated $I_{50}$ of 0.56%. Hill coefficient was 1.70, indicating that the enzyme has more than one binding site for the Samhwasan. Inhibition of enzyme activity by Samhwasan increased as pretreatment time was prolonged. Inhibition by the drug was not affected by a change in enzyme protein concentration. Kinetic studies of substrate activation of the enzyme indicated classical noncompetitive inhibition, showing significant reduction in Vmax without a change in Km value. Inhibitory effect by Samhwasan was not altered by changes in concentration of $Mg^{2+}$, $Na^+$ or $K^+$, dithiothreitol. a sulfhydryl reducing reagent, did not protect the inhibition of Na-K-ATPase activity by Samhwasan combination of Samhwasan and ouabain showed a cumulative inhibition fashion. These results suggest that Samhwasan inhibits Na-K-ATPase activity of heart ventricles with an unique binding site different from that of ATP, $Mg^{2+}$, $Na^+$ or $K^+$ and ouabain.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1980

우리나라에서 사육되는 오리고기로 부터 Myofibrillar protein 을 추출하여 생채 촉매인 ATPase의 활성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Mg- activated ATPase 활성은 이온 강도가 낮을때 활성은 증가하고 이온농도가 높으면 활성은 감소되었으며 바다오리와 사육장오리고기 사이에 차이가 있었다. 2. Myofibrillar protein 의 ATPase 활성에 EDTA의 영향은 $4.6{\mu}g$ 을 넣었을때 ATPase 활성은 오히려 증가 되었으나 $6.9{\mu}g$ 이상인때 활성이 감소되었다. 3. Myofibrillar protein의 ATPase 활성에 $Ca^{++}$ 의 영향은 $3{\mu}g$ 이상을 첨가할때 활성이 현저히 감소되었다. 4. Myofibrillar protein의 ATPase 활성에 $Mg^{++}$의 영향은$3.6{\mu}g$ 을 첨가하면서 활성은 현저히 감소되었다. 사사: 본 실험을 수행하는데 수고한 조교 임경애의 노고에 감사한다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 1977

토끼의 골격근 小胞體의 ATPase 活性과 Ca 輸送에 대한 sodium azide, cAMP, G-strophanthin 및 dicumarol의 영향을 측정하였다. Sodium azide(0.05mM)와 G-strophanthin(0.25nM)은 ATPase活性과 Ca 輸送能에 아무런 영향도 미치지 아니하였다. cAMP$(1 \\times 10^-6 M \\sim 5 \\times 10^-4 M)$는 ATPase 活性에는 아무런 영향도 미치지 않았으나 Ca 輸送은 억제하였다. Dicumarol(0.05mM)도 ATPase 活性에는 영향이 없었으나 小胞體의 $8,000 \\sim 12,000 \\times G$分劃에서의 Ca 輸送을 억제하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 1993

E.coli에서 발견된 ATP-dependent 효소인 Clp효소 중에서 Clp A의 ATPase 활성에 대한 영향을 검토하였다. Clp효소의 limiting amount으로 나타난 specific 활성은 일정하게 증가하는 효소의존성을 보였다. ATPase 활성을 나타내고 있는 ClP A는 casein에 의하여 활성화되어지며 2분자의 ATP가 결합하고 ATPase 활성을 나타내기 위한 ATP의 분해는 Clp효소의 단백질 분해 활성에 필요하다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.130-136
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• 1998

토마토의 뿌리조직에 존재하는 여러 가지 이온이동 기작을 밝혀내기 위하여 뿌리조직으로부터 마이크로솜을 분리하였고, 마이크로솜에 존재하는 이온점프(ATPase)의 활성을 측정하였다. 원형질막과 액포막에 위치하는 $H^+-ATPase$들의 활성은 각각의 선택적 저해제인 vanadate와 $NO^-_3$를 이용하여 평가하였고, 이들의 활성은 각각 마이크로솜 ATPase 총활성의 ${\sim}30%$, ${\sim}38%$로 나타났다. 이들 두 가지 저해제 효과는 additive하게 나타났으며, 전체활성의 약 $50{\sim}70%$를 저해함을 확인하였다. 마이크로솜 ATPase활성은 pH의 영향을 받으며, 최대 활성은 pH 7.4에서 나타났다. ATPase 활성은 또한 10 mM 이상의 $K^+$에 의해서 약 30% 증가를 보였으며, $K^+$에 의한 활성촉진 효과는 $Na^+$에 의해서 완전히 저해되었다. $K^+$에 의한 ATPase 활성증가 기작을 조사하기 위해, 반응용액의 $K^+$농도를 조절하면서 선택적 저해제들의 효과를 측정하였다. 반응용액에 $K^+$이 없는 조건과 120mM $K^+$을 함유하는 조건에서 vanadate는 ATPase 활성을 동일하게 27% 저해하였으나, $NO^-_3$는 각각의 조건에서 32%, 40% 저해하였다. 이것은 $NO^-_3$에 민감한 액포막의 $H^+-ATPase$활성이 $K^+$에 의해서 촉진된다는 것을 시사한다. 마이크로솜 ATPase 활성은 $Ca^{2+}$에 의해서도 저해되었으며, $NO^-_3$는 $Ca^{2+}$에 의한 저해효과를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과는 토마토 뿌리조직의 마이크로솜 ATPase중 액포막의 $H^+-ATPase$ 활성이 $K^+$에 의해서 증가하며, $Ca^{2+}$에 의해서 저해되는 것을 보여준다.