• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2011

Human eyelid adipose-derived stem cells (hEAs) and amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMs) are very valuable sources for the cell therapeutics. Both types of cells have a great proliferating ability in vitro and a multipotency to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. In the present study, we evaluated their stem cell characteristics after long-time cryopreservation for 6, 12 and 24 months. When frozen-thawed cells were cultivated in vitro, their cumulative cell number and doubling time were similar to freshly prepared cells. Also they expressed stem cell-related genes of SCF, NANOG, OCT4, and TERT, ectoderm-related genes of NCAM and FGF5, mesoderm/endoderm-related genes of CK18 and VIM, and immune-related genes of HLA-ABC and ${\beta}$2M. Following differentiation culture in appropriate culture media for 2-3 weeks, both types of cells exhibited well differentiation into adipocyte, osteoblast, and chondrocyte, as revealed by adipogenic, osteogenic or chondrogenic-specific staining and related genes, respectively. In conclusion, even after long-term storage hEAs and hAMs could maintain their stem cell characteristics, suggesting that they might be suitable for clinical application based on stem cell therapy.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2017

레드머드는 보오크사이트 원광석에서 생산되는 알루미나의 선광과정에서 발생되는 무기질 부산물이다. 레드머드를 활용하고자하는 연구가 국내에서 이루어지고 있다. 강알칼리성의 레드머드를 건설산업용 촉진제로서 활용하고자 하는 연구로서 알칼리활성화 슬래그-레드머드 시멘트가 국내외적으로 발표되고 있다. 본 논문은 레드머드 대체율에 따른 알칼리활성화 슬래그-레드머드 건식 흙포장재의 최적함수율, 압축강도, 흡수율, 백화발생 특성에 대하여 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 레드머드 대체율이 증가할수록 알칼리활성화 슬래그-레드머드 흙포장재의 최적 함수비, 흡수율, 백화면적은 증가하고 압축강도는 감소하였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2015

Ti-6Al-4V 및 Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V (AMS 4972) 합금 스크랩을 대상으로 수소화-탈수소화(HDH) 기술로 분말을 제조하고 칼슘 접촉식과 비접촉식 방법으로 탈산을 실시하여 탈산효과를 비교하였다. 타이타늄을 대상으로 한 이전 연구결과에서는 비접촉식 탈산법이 탈산 효과가 더 크다고 보고되었으나 산소함유량을 분석한 결과 Ti-6Al-4V 및 Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V 합금 분말 모두 비접촉식으로 탈산한 분말의 산소함유량이 더 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 XRD와 가스분석기를 이용하여 합금 내에 가장 많이 함유되어 있는 알루미늄이 비접촉식 탈산 공정 중 탈산에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2015

In the past several decades, biofuels have emerged as candidates to help mitigate the issues of global warming, fossil fuel depletion and, in some cases, atmospheric pollution. To date, the only biofuels that have achieved any significant penetration in the global transportation sector are ethanol and biodiesel. The global consumption of biodiesel was rapidly increased from 2005. The goal of this study was to examine the chemical composition on particulate pollutant emissions from a diesel engine operating on several different biodiesels. Tests were performed on non-road diesel engine. Experiments were performed on 5 different fuel blends at 2 different engine loading conditions (50% and 75%). 5 different fuel blends were ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD, 100%), soy biodiesel (Blend 20% and Blend 100%) and canola biodiesel (Blend 20% and Blend 100%). The chemical properties of particulate pollutants were characterized using an Aerodyne High Resolution Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). Organic matter and nitrate were generally the most abundant aerosol components and exhibited maximum concentration of $1207{\mu}g/m^3$ and $30{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. On average, the oxidized fragment families ($C_xH_yO_1{^+}$, and $C_xH_yO_z{^+}$) account for ~13% of the three family sum, while ~87% comes from the $C_xH_y{^+}$ family. The two peaks of $C_2H_3O_2$ (m/z 59.01) and $C_3H_7O$ (m/z 59.04) located at approximately m/z 59 could be used to identify atmospheric particulate matter directly to biodiesel exhaust, as distinguished from that created by petroleum diesel in the AMS data.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2012

This study examines the effects of different environments on the application of hemiplegia patients circuit balance training. Group 1 performed circuit balance training without any auditory intervention Group 2 performed training in noiseless environments and Group 3 performed training in white noise environments. First, among lower extremity muscular strength evaluation items, maximum activity time(MAT) was not significantly different(p>.05). Maximum muscle strength(MMS) increased significantly in Group 3(p<.01), there was no significant difference in MMS among the groups. Average muscle strength(AMS) indexes also significantly increased in Group 3(p<.01), there was no significant difference in AMS among the groups. Second, among balancing ability evaluation items, Berg's balance scale(BBS) scores significantly increased in all groups(p<.05), BBS scores were significantly difference among the groups. Based on the results, Group 1, 2 and Group 1, 3 showed significant increases (p<.05). Functional reach test(FRT) values significantly increased in Group 2, 3(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in FRT values among the groups. Timed up and go(TUG) test values significantly decreased in Group 2, 3(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in TUG test values among the groups. Third, among walking speed evaluation items, the time required to walk 10m significantly decreased in all groups(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in the values among the groups. Average walking speeds showed significant increases in Group 1, 3(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in the values among the groups. Based on the results of this study, noise environments should be improved by either considering auditory interventions and noiseless environments, or by ensuring that white noise environments facilitate the enhancement of balancing ability.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1938-1943
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• 2005

Network human-robot interface is an important research topic. In home application, users access the robotic system directly via voice, gestures or through the network. Users explore a system by using the services provided by this system and to some extend users are enable to participate in a service as partners. A service may be provided by a robot, a group of robots or robots and other network connected systems (distributed sensors, information systems, etc). All these services are done in the network environment, where uncertainty such as the unstable network connection, the availability of the partners in a service, exists. Moreover, these services are controlled by several users, accessing at different time by different methods. Our research aimed at solving this problem to provide a high available level, flexible coordination system. In this paper, a multi-agent framework is proposed. This framework is validated by using our new concept of slave agents, a responsive multi-agent environment, a virtual directory facilitator (VDF), and a task allocation system using contract net protocol. Our system uses a mixed model between distributed and centralized model. It uses a centralized agent management system (AMS) to control the overall system. However, the partners and users may be distributed agents connected to the center through agent communication or centralized at the AMS container using the slave agents to represent the physical agents. The system is able to determine the task allocation for a group of robot working as a team to provide a service. A number of experiments have been conducted successfully in our lab environment using Issac robot, a PDA for user agent and a wireless network system, operated under our multi agent framework control. The experiments show that this framework works well and provides some advantages to existing systems.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.382-389
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• 1995

동해 서측해역에서 채취한 4개의 시추 퇴적물에 함유되어 있는 부유성 유공충 또 는 염기 용해수 성분, 산 및 염기추출 잔류물 성분의 /SUP 14/C연령을 가속질량 분석 기(AMS)로 측정하여 동해 서측해역의 후기 현세 퇴적률을 연구하였다. 시추공 HP-1-, HP-3,94-9 및 92-3 퇴적물에서 시료깊이-연령간의 직선방정식으로부터 유추된 표층 퇴 적물의 손실분을 고려하여 퇴적률을 계산한 결과 각각 30cm/kry에서 30cm/kyr의 범위 이다. 또한 각 시추공에서 깊이에 따른 퇴적률은 거의 일정하게 나타나는데, 이는 빙 하기 이후 동해의 해수면 상승은 대체로 현세 전반기에 거의 완료되고 그 이후는 전반 적인 퇴적환경에 있어서 큰 변화가 없었음을 시사한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.257-263
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• 1999

Identification of the genes responsible for the recovery of virulence in brain-passaged Acanthamoeba culbertsoni was attempted via mRNA differential display polymerase chain reaction (mRNA DD-PCR) analysis. In order to identify the regulatory changes in transcription of the virulence related genes by the brain passages, mRNA DD-PCR was performed which enabled the display of differentially transcribed mRNAs after the brain passages. Through mRNA DD-PCR analysis. 96 brain-passaged amoeba specific amplicons were observed and were screened to identify the amplicons that failed to amplify in the non-brain-passaged amoeba mRNAs. Out of the 96 brain-passaged amoeba specific amplicons, 12 turned out to be amplified only from the brain-passaged amoeba mRNAs by DNA slot blot hybridization. The clone, A289C, amplified with an arbitrary primer of UBC ＃289 and the oligo dT$_{11}$-C primer, revealed the highest homology (49.8％) to the amino acid sequences of UPD-galactose lipid transferase of Erwinia amylovora, which is known to act as an important virulence factor. The deduced amino acid sequences of an insert DNA in clone A289C were also revealed to be similar to cpsD, which is the essential gene for the expression of type III capsule in group B streptococcus. Upregulated expression of clone A289C was verified by RNA slot blot hybridization. Similar hydrophobicity values were also observed between A289C (at residues 47-66) and the AmsG gene of E. amylovora (at residues 286-305: transmembrane domains). This result suggested that the insert of clone A289C might play the same function as galactosyl transferase controlled by the AmsG gene in E. amylovora.a.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.254-265
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• 2009

해양 및 해안의 구조물 설계 시 극치해면 연구가 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 한반도 주변의 무역항과 연안항 총 52개 항에서 수치모의 된 폭풍해일 자료를 연최대치 시계열 방법, 부분 시계열 방법, 경험모의기법을 이용하여 빈도분석을 수행한 후 비교하였다. 연최대치 시계열 방법과 부분 시계열 방법에서 매개변수 추정을 위해 최우도법을 사용하였다. 분포는 Generalized Pareto 분포를 사용하였고 적합성은 5% 유의수준으로 $\chi^2$ 및 K-S 검정을 수행하였다. 또한, 경험모의기법에 조석을 추가하여 극치해면을 산정하였으며 정 등(2008)이 제시한 극치 해면과 비슷한 값을 나타내었다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.545-556
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• 2003

영산강 하구 퇴적물에서 최종빙기 및 현세에 해당하는 길이 18.9m의 시추 퇴적물(심도 20.5∼l.6m)을 획득하였으며, 퇴적물의 조직과 유기질 미화석 분석을 통하여 고환경의 변화를 인지하였다. AMS$^{14}$C 연대측정과 한반도에서의 화분분대 대비에 의하여 퇴적물 연대를 결정하였다. 본 시추 퇴적물에서는 크게 3가지 고환경대를 구분할 수 있었다. (1)최종빙기 퇴적물:주로 하천 퇴적층이며 고토양화 되어 있다. 퇴적 작용과 토양화 작용을 수차례에 걸쳐 받은 것으로 보이며, 고토양의 양상으로 보아 한랭$.$습윤 환경에서 토양화 작용이 진행된 것으로 추측할 수 있다. (2) 현세 초기∼중기 퇴적물:해수면 상승으로 인하여 해수의 영향을 받게 되었으며, 해양성 미화석을 다량 포함하는 점토로 구성된다. (3) 현세 후기 퇴적물: 보다 한랭한 기후를 나타낸다. 이러한 양상은 지역적, 전지구적 환경변화 양상과 일치하는 결과를 보인다.