• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.1516-1521
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• 2008

Recently, distribution load analysis using AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) data is researched in electric utilities. Load analysis method based on AMR system generates the typical load profile using load data of AMR customers, estimates the load profile of non-AMR customers, and analyzes the peak load and load profile of the distribution circuits and sectors per every 15 minutes/hour/day/week/month. Typical load profile is generated by the algorithm calculating the average amount of power consumption of each groups having similar load patterns. Traditional customer clustering mechanism uses only contract type code as a key. This mechanism has low accuracy because many customers having same contract code have different load patterns. In this research, We propose a customer clustring mechanism using k-means algorithm with contract type code and AMR data.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.600-605
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• 2011

This paper shows field test and evaluation results for a wireless vehicle detector with anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) sensors. The detector consists of two AMR sensors and mechanical and electronic apparatuses. The AMR sensor senses disturbance of the earth magnetic field caused by a vehicle moving over the sensor and then produces an output indicative of the moving vehicle. In this paper, vehicle speeds are calculated by using two AMR sensors fixed on a board, with constant distance. To test and evaluate the accuracy of the detector in real traffic situations, the detector was installed on a local highway and vehicle speeds and volumes were measured both in a free running and a highly congested traffic. The measurements from the detector are compared with the reference measurements obtained from a traffic camera with the Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE), which has proved the usefulness of the detector in the field.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.190-196
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• 2011

Bandwidth extension is a technique to improve speech quality and intelligibility, extending from 300-3400 Hz narrowband speech to 50-7000 Hz wideband speech. This paper designs an artificial bandwidth extension (ABE) module embedded in the AMR (adaptive multi-rate) decoder, reducing LPC/LSP analysis and algorithm delay of the ABE module. We also introduce a fast search codebook mapping method for ABE, and design a low power BWE technique based on the AMR decoder. The proposed ABE method reduces the computational complexity and the algorithm delay, respectively, by 28 % and 20 msec, compared to the traditional DTE (decode then extend) method. We also introduce a weighted classified codebook mapping method for constructing the spectral envelope of the wideband speech signal.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.9C
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• pp.1337-1344
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• 2004

This paper deals with analysis and real-time Implementation of a wide band adaptive multirate speech codec (AMR-WB) using a fixed-point DSP of TI's TMS320C6201. In the AMR-WB codec, input speech is divided into two frequency bands, lower and upper bands, and processed independently. The lower band signal is encoded based on the ACELP algorithm and the upper band signal is processed using the random excitation with a linear prediction synthesis filter. The implemented AMR-WB system used 218 kbytes of program memory and 92 kbytes of data memory. And its proper operation was confirmed by comparing a decoded speech signal sample-by-sample with that of PC-based simulation. Maximum required time of 5 75 ms for processing a frame of 20 ms of speech validates real-time operation of the Implemented system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

Inspection of an Electrical Meter is an action of measuring power usage to charge electricity rates and Electricity AMR(Automatic Meter Reading) is a system to automatize the action. AMR has been highlighted because it can reduce metering cost by substituting an automatic system for personnel and strengthen customer service. In this paper, we proposed and developed a smart card based AMR framework SCEMS as an alternative to other current AMR Models. This proposed SCEMS uses a java card based multi-application smart card and supports customer service such as various meter rates according to electricity consumption pattern data per household and transaction data that are accumulated in a smart card. This research can be a solution to the problems such as diversity, heterogeneity, and complexity that environmental changes will cause soon to the power supply industry.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 2007

We propose the QoS (Quality of Service) assurance model for AMR (Adaptive MultiRate) voice users considering the capacity and service quality jointly in downlink WCDMA system. For this purpose, we introduce a new system performance measure and the number-based AMR mode allocation scheme. The proposed number-based AMR mode allocation can be operated only with the information of total number of ongoing users. Therefore, it can be more simply implemented than the existing power-based allocation. The proposed system performance measure considers the stochastic variations of AMR modes of ongoing users and can be analytically obtained using CTMC (Continuous Time Markov Chain) modeling. In order to validate the proposed analytical model, a discrete event-based simulation model is also developed. The performance measure obtained from the analytical model is in agreement with the simulation results and is expected to be useful for parameter optimization.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 2007

In this paper, we Propose a pyramid VQ to quantize the transform coefficients of TCX module for the audio improvement of AMR-WB+ codec. The Proposed pyramid VQ is compared to the $RE_8$ Lattice VQ used in the AMR-WB+ standard codec. demonstrating improvement 4% and 5.7%. respectively, in Mean Squared Error (MSE) and 3.3% and 4.7%. respectively, in Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ) by 8-dimensional and 16-dimensional Pyramid VQ.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.252-257
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• 2019

이 논문은 한국어 Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR; 추상 의미 표상) 가이드라인 1.0^*을 소개한다. AMR은 통합적인 의미 표상 체계로, 의미 분석(semantic parsing)의 주요 Task 중 하나로 자리매김하고 있다. 한국어 AMR 가이드라인은 현행 AMR 1.2.6을 심도 있게 분석하고 이를 한국어 상황에 맞게 로컬라이징한 것이다. 해당 가이드라인은 추후 한국어 AMR 말뭉치 구축(sembanking)에 대비하여 일관된 주석 세부 지침을 제공하기 위해 작성되었다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.411-419
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated in vitro immune-enhancing and anti-obesity activity of Abelmoschus manihot roots (AMR) in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells and mouse adipocytes 3T3-L1 cells. AMR increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in RAW264.7 cells. The inhibition of toll like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4 blocked AMR-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway reduced AMR-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors. From these results, AMR is considered to have immune-enhancing activity through TLR2/4-mediated activation of MAPKs signaling pathway. In addition, AMR inhibited lipid accumulation and reduced the protein level such as CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), perilipin-1, adiponectin and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) associated with lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells, indicating that AMR may have anti-obesity activity. Based on these results, AMR is expected to be used as a potential functional agent for immune enhancement and anti-obesity.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.09a
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• pp.47-51
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• 2008

Computer and communication of based IT technology use to das that remote control, monitoring, measuring automation gas switch, recloser totaled far about $20{\sim}30km$. For increasing efficiency billing, metering of high voltage customer use to amr system. If between das and amr interface operate when generated fault in high voltage electric equipment of customer part, amr system serve to das quickly in fault information data, correct fault location.