• 임산에너지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

충북 월악산 지역 24년생 낙엽송 조림지의 생산력을 조사하기 위해 8본의 표본목을 벌목하여 부위별(줄기, 가지, 잎)로 생중량을 측정하고 생산구조를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 낙엽송의 광합성부는 지상 13m에서 시작되며, 수관의 최대광합성층은 15-16m에서 나타났다. (2) 지상부의 현존량은 줄기 160.75ton/ha(86.3%), 가지 18.42ton/ha(9.9%), 잎 7.08ton/ha(3.8%)이었고 전체 지상부의 현존량은 186.25ton/ha이었다. (3) 연순생산량은 줄기 10.17ton/ha/yr, 가지 1.47ton/ha/yr, 잎 0.54ton/ha/yr이었으며, 전체 순생산량은 12.17ton/ha/yr로 나타났다. 순생산량에서 전체에 대한 각 기관별 비율은 줄기 83.5%, 가지 12.0%, 잎 4.5%로서 가지와 잎의 부위가 낮은 비율을 보이고 있었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.533-540
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• 2020

향고래 전장은 향고래가 발생시키는 클릭의 다중 펄스 구조로 인한 펄스 간 간격(Inter-Pulse Interval, IPI)을 이용하여 추정할 수 있다. IPI는 고래 머리 내부의 경랍에서 왕복 이동시간에 의한 시간지연으로 인해 발생하며, 향고래의 전장과 두장의 비례관계를 이용하여 향고래의 전장을 추정한다. 본 연구에서는 2017년 동해, 포항 앞바다에서 발견된 향고래의 크기를 추정하기 위해 현장에서 측정한 클릭 신호를 분석하였다. IPI와 향고래 크기의 관계식에 의해 계산된 향고래의 전장은 성체 암컷 또는 유년기 수컷의 크기인 9.9 m ~ 10.9 m로 추정되었다. 이 방법은 향고래에게 치명적이지 않으며 크기 추정에 대한 정확성이 검증되었으므로, 국내 향고래 모니터링에 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2006

충북 월악산 북동 사면 지역(해발 380 m)에서 24년생 잣나무 인공림의 바이오매스와 에너지량을 조사한 결과, 잣나무림의 바이오매스는 줄기부 26.6 ton/ha, 수피부 4.3 ton/ha, 1년생 가지 0.2 ton/ha, 가지부 8.6 ton/ha, 고사지 1.5 ton/ha, 당년생 잎 1.3 ton/ha, 전년생 잎 6.1 ton/ha로서 고사지를 제외한 지상부 전체는 47.0 ton/ha으로 나타났다. 또한 연간 순생산량은 줄기부 3.0 ton/ha/yr, 수피부 0.4 ton/ha/yr, 1년생 가지 0.2 ton/ha/yr, 가지부 1.1 ton/ha/yr, 당년생 잎 1.3 ton/ha/yr이며, 지상부 합계는 6.0 ton/ha/yr로 추정되었다. 이것을 열 에너지량으로 환산하면 지상부 전체의 에너지량은 1,028 GJ/ha, 연간 에너지 고정량(지상부)은 133 GJ/ha/yr로 나타났다. 한편, 잣나무림의 엽면적 지수는 20.2로 나타났다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2014

Estimating above-ground biomass is important in establishing an applicable methodology of Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) System for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation-Plus (REDD+). We developed an estimation model of diameter at breast height (DBH) from IKONOS-2 image that led to above-ground biomass estimation (AGB). The IKONOS image was preprocessed with dark object subtraction and topographic effect correction prior to watershed segmentation for tree crown delineation. Compared to the field observation, the overall segmentation accuracy was 64%. Crown detection percent had a strong negative correlation to tree density. In addition, satellite-based crown area had the highest correlation with the field measured DBH. We then developed the DBH allometric model that explained 74% of the data variance. In average, the estimated DBH was very similar to the measured DBH as well as for AGB. Overall, this method can potentially be applied to estimate AGB over a relatively large and remote tropical forest in Northern Borneo.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2020

Vegetation carbon sequestration and regeneration are the two major parameters of forest research. In this study, we analyzed the vegetation carbon stock and regeneration of community-managed pine plantation of Kathmandu, central Nepal. Vegetation data were collected from 40 circular plots of 10 m radius (for the tree) and 1m radius (for seedling) applying a stratified random sampling and nested quadrat method. The carbon stock was estimated by Chave allometric model and estimated carbon stock was converted into CO₂ equivalents. Density-diameter (d-d) curve was also prepared to check the regeneration status and stability of the plantation. A d-d curve indicates the good regeneration status of the forest with a stable population in each size class. Diversity of trees was very low, only two tree species Pinus roxburghii and Eucalyptus citriodora occurred in the sample plots. Pine was the dominant tree in terms of density, basal area, biomass, carbon stock and CO₂ stock than the eucalyptus. The basal area, carbon stock and CO₂ stock of forest was 33±1.0 ㎡ ha^-1, 108±5.0 Mg ha^-1 and 394±18 Mg ha^-1, respectively. Seedling and tree density of the plantation was 4,965 ha^-1 and 339 ha^-1 respectively. The forest carbon stock showed a positive relationship with biomass, tree diameter, height and basal area but no relationship with tree density. Canopy cover and tree diameter have a negative effect on seedling density and regeneration. In conclusion, the community forest has a stable population in each size class, sequestering a significant amount of carbon and CO₂ emitted from densely populated Kathmandu metro city as the forest biomass hence have a potentiality to mitigate the global climate change.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

Forest ecosystem is considered as an important stepping stone to minimize the impact of climate change. However, the rapid urbanization has caused fragmentation of forest ecosystem. The fragmentation of forest patch results in edge effect which brings about adverse impacts on forest function and structure. Degradation of forest ecosystem decreases carbon sequestration because edge effect reduces productivity. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of forest edge effect on forest ecosystem carbon stock change in Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do. We used connectivity analysis to determine forest edge and core area. The field study sites were selected with considering forest age, density, class and soil type. Secondly, forest carbon stock was calculated with allometric equation. The soil carbon stock was derived from Walkely-Black method. Lastly, Mann-Whitney test was conducted to validate differences between carbon stock in edge and core area. As a result of study, the connectivity analysis was effective to determine forest edge and core. The core and edge of forest patch showed different composition of tree species and soil properties. Carbon stock per tree in the edge area was lower than that in the core area. However, the difference of soil organic carbon content between the edge and core were relatively small. This assessment can be applied for the conservation of forest patch as well as quantitative assessment on the forest carbon stock change caused by fragmentation.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1977

The biomass and net production of alder and oak trees was estimated by allometric method. The productivity of the two stands of alder and oak was obviously different judging from the rate of photosynthesis productive structure and vertical distribution of light. The amounts of net photosynthesis under the saturated light were 2.31, 1.42mg $CO_2/dm^2\cdot$hr. in the sun and shade leaves of alder tree and 1.58, 0.84mg $CO_2/dm^2\cdot$hr in that of the oak, respectively. Total annual respiration loss calculated from the respiration measured at $25^{\circ}C$ and the mean air temperature from every 10 days were 13.56ton/ha.yr in the alder stand and 19.83 ton/ha.yr in the oak. The productive structure and the vertical distribution of light in the stand were assumedly more effective to produce dry matter in the oak stand than in the alder. The biiomasses measured in 1975 and 1976 were 51.51 and 56.82 ton/ha in the alder stand and 73.35, 86.77 ton/ha in the oak one, respectively. Annual net production and gross production were 8.56 and 22.12 ton/ha.yr in the alder stand but those were 17.90 and 37.74 ton/ha.yr in the oak stand. The ratios of respiration to gross procution (R/Pg) were prespectively 0.61 and 0.53 inthe alder and oak stands. Efficiencies of solar energy utilizaztion of net production during the growing season(May-Oct.) were 0.67 and 1.40% and those of gross production were 1.72 and 2.94% in the alder and oak stands respectively.

• 임산에너지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2002

경기도 광주군 태화산 서울대학교 중부연습림내 30년생 신갈나무 순림의 생산력을 조사하였다. 8본의 표본목을 흉고직경급별로 벌목하여, 각 층별 및 부위별 중량을 측정하고 생산구조를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 신갈나무의 광합성 부는 지상부 4m부터 시작되며, 수관의 최대광합성부는 10m를 전후해서 나타났다. (2) 지상부의 현존량은 줄기 51.262ton/ha(75.5%), 가지 13.148ton/ha(19.4%), 잎 3.476ton/ha (5.1%), 그리고 지상부 전체 건중량 67.88ton/ha로 나타났다. (3) 신갈나무 단순림의 연순생산량은 수간 5.624ton/ha/yr(44.07%), 가지 3.663ton/ha/yr (28.70%), 잎 3.4.76ton/ha/yr(27.23%), Wt 12.763ton/ha/yr로 나타났으며, 특히 가지와 잎의 비율이 큰 비중을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Forest Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2018

This study was carried out in the teaching and research forest of the University of Dschang in Belabo, with the aim of analysing land-cover and land-use changes as well as carbon stocks dynamic. The databases used are composed of three Landsat satellite images (5TM of 1984, 7ETM + of 2000 and 8OLI of 2016), enhanced by field missions. Satellite images were processed using ENVI and ArcGIS software. Interview, focus group discussion methods and participatory mapping were used to identify the activities carried out by the local population. An inventory design consisting of four transects was used to measure dendrometric parameters and to identify land-use types. An estimation of carbon stocks in aboveground and underground woody biomass was made using allometric models based on non-destructive method. Dynamic of land-cover showed that the average annual rate of deforestation is 0.48%. The main activities at the base of this change are agriculture, house built-up and logging. Seven types of land-use were identified; adult secondary forests (64.10%), young secondary forests (7.54%), wetlands (7.39%), fallows (3.63%), savannahs (9.59%), cocoa farms (4.28%) and mixed crop farms (3.47%). Adult secondary forests had the highest amount of carbon ($250.75\;t\;C\;ha^{-1}$). This value has decreased by more than 60% for mixed crop farms ($94.67\;t\;C\;ha^{-1}$), showing the impact of agricultural activities on both forest cover and carbon stocks. Agroforestry systems that allow conservation and introduction of woody species should be encouraged as part of a participatory management strategy of this forest.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 천안시 두정공원을 대상으로 도시공원의 식재유형별 수목의 탄소저장량, 연간 탄소흡수량, 연간 토양호흡량을 측정하여 비교하였다. 두정공원에서 소나무식재림, 상수리나무군락, 상수리나무-아까시나무식재림, 아까시나무식재림을 선정하여 2012년 3월부터 2013년 2월까지 각 식재림을 분석하였다. 탄소저장량과 연간 탄소흡수량은 수목의 흉고직경을 이용한 상대생장식을 활용하여 산정하였고 토양호흡량은 Li-6400을 이용하여 측정하였다. 소나무식재림, 상수리나무군락, 상수리나무-아까시나무식재림, 아까시나무식재림에서의 탄소저장량은 각각 17.36, 88.63, 115.38, $49.88tonCha^{-1}$였고, 연간 탄소흡수량은 각각 1.04, 2.12, 6.47, $3.67tonCha^{-1}yr^{-1}$로 산정되었다. 개체목당 평균 연간 탄소흡수량은 소나무, 상수리나무, 아까시나무에서 각각 1.81, 17.86, $9.14kgC{\cdot}treeyr^{-1}$로 상수리나무가 가장 높았다. 평균 토양호흡량은 각 식재유형별로 2.20, 1.90, 2.47, $2.51{\mu}mo{\ell}CO_2m^{-2}s^{-1}$로 측정되었고 연간 토양호흡량은 각각 6.66, 5.33, 7.20, $7.25tonCha^{-1}yr^{-1}$로 추정되었다. 본 조사지의 식재유형 중 상수리나무-아까시나무식재림이 탄소저장량과 연간 탄소흡수량이 가장 많아 공원의 탄소흡수원 역할에 크게 기여했고, 소나무식재림은 가장 적게 평가되었다. 본 연구결과는 이산화탄소 흡수원의 역할을 하는 도시공원 수목의 식재와 관리에 필요한 자료로 활용될 수 있다.