• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2019년도 학술발표회
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• pp.73-73
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• 2019

지구 표면의 약 2%에 해당하는 담수에서 육상계 전체가 흡수하는 탄소의 50%가 배출되며, 이는 토양표면에서 배출되는 탄소량에 비해 더 큰 수치로 전 지구적 탄소순환 해석에 중요한 역할을 한다. 특히, 내륙수역과 대기의 경계면에서 $CO_2$ 이동은 전 지구적 탄소순환의 중요한 구성요소로 평가되고 있다. 호수와 저수지 같은 담수 저류시설은 육상에서 기인한 탄소의 운송 및 처리 역할을 한다. 하지만, 저수지에서 온실가스배출량을 평가할 수 있는 명확한 방법론이 부족하며, 전지구 규모 GHGs배출량에 대한 추정에 대한 불확실성이 상당히 큰 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 몬순기후대에 위치한 인공저수지를 대상으로 보다 신뢰도있는 온실가스 배출량 추정을 위해 $CO_2$ NAF 산정하고, 산정에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 분석 하였다. 분석을 위해 $CO_2$ NAF 산정에 필요한 수리 및 수질 인자들을 2017년부터 2018년까지 수집하고, 기초통계량 및 상관분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 주성분분석(PCA) 및 다중선형회귀모델(MLR)과 랜덤포레스트(RF) 기법을 사용해 변수 중요도를 평가하였으며, $CO_2$ NAF 산정 주요인자인 기체교환 계수를 경험적 모델 3종(Cole and Caraco, Crusius, Vachon), 표면갱신형 모델 4종(Heiskanen, Maclntyre, Read, Soloviev)을 비교, 검토하였다. 조사기간 동안 기체교환계수 산정 결과 Crusius 모델 예측값이 평균 $0.342(0.047{\sim}4.323)cm\;hr^{-1}$으로 검토한 모델중 가장 낮은 평균값을 보였으며, Heiskane 모델이 $2.135(0.337{\sim}5.152)cm\;hr^{-1}$으로 가장 큰 평균값을 보였다. 대상 수체는 연주기로 완전혼합되며 수온성층이 약화되는 시기에 저수지 표층 아래에 축적된 탄소가 표층으로 전달되어 높은 수준의 p$CO_2$를 보이며, 수표면에 큰 난류 강도가 작용하는 기간에 대기중으로 배출(pulse emission) 기작이 나타난다. NAF 산정결과 경험적 모델의 NAF값($-1246.0{\sim}6510.3mg-CO_2m^{-2}day^{-1}$)은 표면갱신형 모델 NAF값($-1436.1{\sim}8485.7mg-CO_2m^{-2}day^{-1}$)보다 낮은 수준을 보였으며, 풍속의 함수만을 이용하는 경험적 모델보다 부력 플럭스와 난류 혼합의 영향을 고려하는 Macintyre, Heiskanen모델이 성층 저수지의 $CO_2$ NAF 산정에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. $CO_2$ NAF 산정의 주요인자로 MLR모델은 Tw, EC, pH, Chla, TOC, Alk, RF모델은 EC, DO, TOC가 중요 변수로 평가되었다. PCA 분석결과, 수온이 낮고 성층이 약화되며 pH가 낮은 상태에서 NAF가 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2002

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute and subacute toxicity and sarcoma- 180 anti-cancer effects of Herbal acupuncture with Triglii Semen in mice and rats. Method: Balble mice were injected intraperitoneally with Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture for $LD_{50}$ and acute toxicity test. Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture for subacute toxicity test. The Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture was injected on Chung-wan(CV12) of mice with S-180 cancer cell line. Results: 1. In acute toxicity test, the $LD_{50}$ value was $7.49{\times}10^3$ml, 0.30ml/kg.2. The body weights of mice treated with Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture increased during the acute toxicity test. 3. In acute toxicity test of serum biochenrical values of mice, total protein was decreased in treatment groups I, 2 and 3, albunrin was decreased in treatment groups 2 and 3 compared to the control group. GOT was increased in treatment group I and Alk. Phosphatase was increased in treatment groups 1,2 and 3 compared to the normal group(p<0.05). 4.ln subacute toxicity test, severe tissue injury was found in lung and liver. 5. In subacute toxicity test, the body weight was decreased in treatment groups I and 2 compared to the normal group and the weight of liver. lung and kidney were increased in treatment groups 1, 2 and 3 compared to the normal group.(p<0.05) 6. In subacute toxicity test, RBC, HGB and HCT were decreased in treatment groups 1 and 2 compared to the normal group. MCV was increased in treatment group1 compared to the normal group, MCH was increased in treatment groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group in complete blood count test.(p<0.05) 7. In subacute toxicity test, total protein was decreased in treatment groups 1 and 2 compared to the nonnal group, BUN was increased in treatment groups 1 and 2 compared to the nonnal group, creatinine and uric acid were decreased in treatment groups 1 and 2 compared to the normal group, glucose was increased in treatment group 2 compared to the nonnal group, triglycelide was decreased in treatment groups I and 2 compared to the normal group, total cholesterol was increased in treatment groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group. GOT was decreased in treatment group 2 compared to the normal and control group, AIk. Phosphatase was increased in treatment group 1 compared to the normal and control group.(p<0.05) 8. Median survival time was 17days in treatment group 2 for S- 180 cancer cell treated with Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture. 9. Natural killer cell activity was insignificant for S-180 cell treated with Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture.(p<0.05) 10. lnterieukin-2 productivity was decreased for S-180 cell treated with Triglii semen Herbal acupuncture compared to the normal and control group.(p<0.05) Conclusion: According to the results, we can conclude Herbal-acupuncture with Triglii semen caused toxicity, and caused no effects in S-180 cancer cell.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7825-7829
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• 2015

Background: Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV infection in the world (~14.7%). Around 10-15% of HCV-infected persons will advance to cirrhosis within the first 20 years. The incidence of HCC is expected to grow in the next two decades, largely due to HCV related cirrhosis, and detection of HCC at an early stage is critical for a favorable clinical outcome. No simple reliable non-invasive marker has been available till now. B2M, a non-glycosylated polypeptide composed of 99 amino acids, is one of the components of HLA class I molecules on the surfaces of all nucleated cells. It has been reported that the level of serum B2M is elevated in patients with chronic hepatitis C and HCV-related HCC when compared to HCV-negative patients or healthy donors. Determining the clinical utility of serum B2M as a marker for disease progression in Egyptian patients with HCV related chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma was the aim of the present study. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross sectional study 92 participants were included in 4 equal groups: Group (1) non cirrhotic chronic HCV; Group (2) HCV related liver cirrhosis; Group (3) HCC on top of HCV,; and Group (4) healthy controls. History taking, clinical examination, routine labs and abdominal ultrasound were conducted for all patients, PCR and Metavir scores for group (1) patients, and triphasic CT abdomen and AFP for Group (3) patients. B2M levels were measured in serum with a fully-automated IMX system. Results: The mean serum B2M level of Group (1) was $4.25{\pm}1.48{\mu}g/ml$., Group (2) was $7.48{\pm}3.04$, Group (3) was $6.62{\pm}2.49$ and Group (4) was $1.62{\pm}0.63$. Serum B2M levels were significantly higher in diseased than control group (p<0.01) being significantly higher in cirrhosis ($7.48{\pm}3.04$) and HCC groups ($6.62{\pm}2.49$) than the HCV group ($4.25{\pm}1.48$) (p<0.01). There was a significant correlation between B2M Level and ALK, total and direct bilirubin and INR (p<0.05), and a significant inverse correlation between B2M level and albumin, total proteins, HB andWBCS values (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between B2M level and viral load or Metavir score, largest tumour size or AFP (p>0.05). The best B2M cut-off for HCV diagnosis was 2.6 with a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 92%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 97% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%. The best B2M cut-off for HCC diagnosis was 4.55 which yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive values of 74%, 62%, 39.5, 87.8% respectively (p-value <0.01) while best cut-off for cirrhosis was 4.9, with sensitivity 74 % and specificity 74%.The sensitivity for HCC diagnosis increased upon B2M and AFP combined estimation to 91%, specificity to 79%, NPV to 95% and accuracy to 83%. Conclusions: Serum B2M level is elevated in HCV related chronic liver diseases and may be used as a marker for HCV disease progression towards cirrhosis and carcinoma.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2002

배아줄기세포(embryonic stem cell, ESC)는 미분화상태로 지속적인 계대가 가능하며, 정상 핵형과 전 분화능(pluripotency)을 가져 생체내-외에서 분화 유도시 삼배엽성의 모든 세포로 분화 가능하다. ESC를 feeder 세포 없이 부유배양하면 배아체(embryoid body, EB)를 형성하고, 초기 배아 발생과 유사한 분화 양상을 갖는다. ESC의 분화 유도가 초기배아 발생처럼 생식호르몬(GTH: FSH, LH; steroids)의 영향을 받는지는 불명하다. 본 연구는 ESC가 분화과정중 생식호르몬처리에 의해 그들 수용체가 발현되는가를 알아보고자 하였다. 순계혈통 생쥐인 C57BL/6J에서 과배란 유도후 포배를 수획하고, 유사분열적으로 불활성화된 feeder 세포와 공배양하여, 계대배양 하는 중 배아줄기세포주(JHYl)를 확립하였다. JHY1의 alkaline phosphatase 활성과 SSEA-1, 3, 4 발현을 통해 ESC임을 확인하였다. Feeder 세포 없이 ESC를 계대배양 후 호르몬처리(FSH LH E$_2$, P$_4$, T)하에서 5일 동안 부유배양하여 배아체를 형성시키고, 이후 7일 동안 부착배양하여 분화를 유도하였다. GTH와 스테로이드의 수용체 발현 실험에서 ESC에 E$_2$ 처리에 의한 LHR의 발현 증가를 제외한 나머지 호르몬 처리군에서 ESC보다 낮은 생식호르몬의 수용체 발현이 관찰되었다. 생식호르몬을 농도별 수용체 발현 정도는 증감되지 않았다. 미분화 ESC 표지유전자인 Oct-4는 호르몬 처리군에서도 발현되었다. 각 배엽의 표지유전자들(영양세포, handl; 외배엽성, keratin와fgf-5; 중배엽성, enolase와 $\alpha$ -globin; 내배엽성, gata-4와 $\alpha$ -fetoprotein) 등의 발현 양상을 조사한 결과 호르몬 처리후 내배엽성 표지유전자외에는 발현 증가가 관찰되지 않았다. 즉 생식호르몬에 의해 gata-4, $\alpha$-fetoprotein의 발현이 증가되는 것으로 보아 내배엽성 계열로의 분화 유도가 이루어진 것으로 사료된다.