• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.437-442
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• 2014

In vitro biological activities of Aloe vera gel and skin extracts were evaluated. Total polyphenol contents of Aloe vera skin were measured 41.12 mg/g. DPPH radical scavenging activity of Aloe vera skin-70% EtOH extract, Aloe vera skin-water extract, Aloe vera gel-70% EtOH extract and Aloe vera gel-water extract were 55%, 38%, 11% and 10%, respectively. In addition, 70% EtOH extract and water extract were compared with respect to SOD-like antioxidant activity of Aloe vera-70% EtOH extract has higher activity than Aloe vera water extract. Tyrosinase inhibition rate of Aloe vera gel extract was higher than Aloe vera skin extract. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) relative percentage activity of Aloe vera gel extract were 126% and 216%, respectively. It was suggested that Aloe vera gel and skin extracts could be used as a functional biomaterial for functional food and cosmetics.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

To consider potentially new sources which have hypoglycemic effect and accelerating alcohol detoxification, this study was designed to investigate the effect of Crataegus fructus and Morns alba L. in alcohol-treated rats. I compared the body weight, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of rats administered both alcohol and extract of experimental plants to rats treated with alcohol alone. Administration of extracts of C. fructus and M alba, respectively, resulted in a significant reduction in the blood glucose level and the activities of ADH of liver compared to the control rats, and administration of extract of M. alba showed significantly lower on bodyweight gain in the rats than in other treated rats. In contrast, the activities of ALDH of liver were increased. The activities of AST and ALT between the only alcohol-treated rats and the alcohol and experimental plants-treated rats were no significant difference. The results suggest that C. fructus and M alba have a hypoglycemic effect, and reduce liver damage by accelerating acetaldehyde metabolism in alcoholic rats, so the combined effect of C. fructus and M alba may be considered as an alternative remedy for hangovers, alcohol-induced overweight and alcohol-induced diabetes.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.276-279
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• 2016

Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder with worldwide incidence of 0.4 per 100,000 people. It is characterized by the triad of congenital ichthyosis, spastic diplegia or quadriplegia, and mental retardation. Herein we report a 2-year-old male child with SLS, asthma, and recurrent pneumonia. SLS was confirmed by a molecular genetics study that revealed a deletion mutation in the ALDH3A2 gene. An ALDH3A2 gene mutation results in dysfunction of the microsomal enzyme fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase and impaired metabolism and accumulation of leukotriene B4, which is a key molecule and a pro-inflammatory mediator in developing allergic diseases, especially asthma. An increased level of leukotriene B4 has been reported in SLS patients. As far as we are aware, this is the first report of SLS associated with asthma and recurrent pneumonia. In conclusion, pediatricians should be aware of and evaluate patients with SLS for possible associated asthma and allergic disorders.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 2002

Chemical carcinogen-induced alteration of aldehyde metabolic enzymes were examined in clone 9 cell. Diethylnitrosamine (DENA), N-nitrosoethylurea (NEU) and N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) were wed as model carcinogens. Changes in enzyme activities by repetitive treatment of DENA, NEU or NNM were analyzed in terms of specific activities and activity stainings of the enzymes on the gel. Upon treatment of DENA, lipid peroxide level increased upto 10 fold, indicating strong oxidative stress state of the cell. Notable enhancement of ADH and ALDH activity occurred after DENA treatment, while glutathione-S-transferase activity was slightly increased. Furthermore, about 2.5 fold higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was detected during deactivation of catalase (CAT) activity by repetitive treatment of DENA. However in NEU-treated cell, about 2.3 fold higher ALDH activity was found while ADH activity was slightly increased. Notable increase CAT and SOD could also be found. In contrast, maximum 3.5 fold higher CAT activity occurred during SOD deactivation in NNM-treated cell. These results suggest that there might be different enzymatic responses in relation to cell protection against DENA, NEU or NNM.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1985

Preventive effect of ginseng saponin fraction against ethanol intoxication of the liver of rats fed width 12% ethanol instead of water for 6 days was investigated. Control group was dosed 12% ethanol instead of water (free access) for 6 days and test group was dosed 0.1% ginseng saponin fraction in the 12% ethanol instead of water for 6 days. Normal rats was given only water freely. It was observed that the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) of both control and test groups were higher than those of normal group while the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenate (ALDH) of control and test groups were lower than that of normal rats, However, the ALDH activity decrease of test group was much less than that of control groups. Electron micrograph showed that severely swollen and disrupted mitochondria and dilated and vesiculated ER can be seen in control group while dilated or vesiculated ER are very few and swollen or disrupted mitochondria can not be seen in test group. From the above experimental result, it seems that ginseng saponin might stimulate ethanol oxidation and the removal of acetaldehyde resulting in the decrease of ethanol intoxication of the liver.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1683-1690
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• 2013

The cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP) homolog, GlxR, controls the expression of several genes involved in the regulation of diverse physiological processes in Corynebacterium glutamicum. In silico analysis has revealed the presence of glxR binding sites upstream of genes ptsG, adhA, and ald, encoding glucose-specific phosphotransferase system protein, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), respectively. However, the involvement of the GlxR-cAMP complex on the expression of these genes has been explored only in vitro. In this study, the expressions of ptsG, adhA, and ald were analyzed in detail using an adenylate cyclase gene (cyaB) deletion mutant and glxR deletion mutant. The specific activities of ADH and ALDH were increased in both the mutants in glucose and glucose plus ethanol media, in contrast to the wild type. In accordance, the promoter activities of adhA and ald were derepressed in the cyaB mutant, indicating that glxR acts as a repressor of adhA. Similarly, both the mutants exhibited derepression of ptsG regardless of the carbon source. These results confirm the involvement of GlxR on the expression of important carbon metabolic genes; adhA, ald, and ptsG.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2013

This study was designed to elucidate the effect of fermented blackberry drinks (BD) on alcohol metabolism and hangover in alcohol-treated rats. We showed that the administration of BD increased the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in alcohol-treated rats. Moreover, the administration of BD reduced the serum alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in alcohol-treated rats. Furthermore, the administration of BD attenuated the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in alcohol-treated rats. Taken together, these results suggest that BD plays an important role in alcohol metabolism and liver function by reducing blood alcohol and acetaldehyde through the activation of ADH and ALDH in alcohol-treated rats and could be used as a functional anti-hangover drinks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.1099-1106
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• 2011

Cucumber fermentation has been used as a means of preservation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of fermented cucumber beverage (CF) containing beneficial materials for an ethanol hangover based on Hovenia dulcis (SKM) on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: ethanol control, ethanol plus SKM, and ethanol plus CF+SKM. SKM or CF+SKM was orally administered at a dose of 7 mL/kg body weight once per day for 5 weeks. Control rats were given an equal amount of water. CF+SKM significantly lowered plasma ethanol levels, whereas SKM tended to decrease the levels compared to the control. Both SKM and CF+SKM significantly lowered the plasma acetaldehyde levels and serum transaminase activities compared to those in the control. SKM and CF+SKM did not affect hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity; however, it significantly inhibited cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) activity. Hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was significantly higher in the SKM and CF+SKM groups than that in the control group. Plasma acetaldehyde concentration was significantly correlated with hepatic CYP2E1 (r=0.566, p<0.01) activity and ALDH (r=-0.564, p<0.01) activity. Hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as well as glutathione content increased with the SKM and CF+SKM administration, whereas lipid peroxide content decreased significantly. Furthermore, SKM and CF+SKM lowered plasma and hepatic lipid content and lipid droplets compared to those in the control group. These results indicate that SKM and CF+SKM exhibit hepatoprotective properties partly by inhibiting CYP2E1 activity, enhancing ALDH activity and stimulating the antioxidant defense systems in ethanol-treated rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.1508-1512
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• 2016

This study was performed to investigate the ameliorating effect of a mixture of extracts from Houttuynia cordata Thunb, Nelumbo nucifera G. (leaf), and Camellia sinensis (seed) (MIX) on acute ethanol-induced hangover in Sprague-Dawley rats. Plasma ethanol and acetaldehyde levels in MIX-treated rats significantly decreased at 3 h and 5 h after acute ethanol administration (25%, 3 g/kg body weight/d) as compared to ethanol-treated rats. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities were significantly higher in MIX-treated rats than in ethanol-treated rats. MIX exhibited high ADH and ALDH activities on direct assays using S9 rat liver fraction for ethanol metabolic enzymes clearance action. These results suggest that MIX could alleviate ethanol-induced hangover symptoms by elevating activities related to hepatic ethanol-metabolizing enzymes against ethanol induced metabolites, and MIX should be further developed to be a new anti-hangover material.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.706-711
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• 2009

Hepatoprotective effects of corn gluten hydrolysates (CGH) were investigated in rats orally treated with ethanol (30%(v/v), 3 g/kg body weight/day) for 4 weeks. Six-week old Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into four dietary groups: normal diet (N), alcohol diet (E), E+CGH 1% diet (CGH-1%), and E+CGH 3% diet (CGH-3%). Body weights and liver indices were not significantly different among the four groups. However, food intakes were lower in the CGH groups than in the normal group (p<0.05). The administration of CGH significantly reduced serum alkaline phosphatase activity by 30% compared to the alcohol diet group. Among the antioxidative enzymes assessed, catalase activity was significantly decreased by 79% in the CGH diet groups compared to the alcohol diet group. In comparison to the alcohol-treated group, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was increased by 20%, while microsomal ethanol oxidizing system activity was decreased by 20% in the CGH-treated groups. Furthermore, the area under the curve of the blood acetaldehyde concentration versus time profile after the administration of ethanol was significantly lower for the CGH rats than for the ethanol or asparaginic acid treated groups. Thus, CGH seems to offer beneficial effects by protecting against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by improving the acetaldehyde-related metabolizing system.