• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2002

Physiological Cost Index (PCI) of walking has been widely used to predict oxygen consumption in healthy subjects or patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictability of physiological cost index of walking for the amount of exercise and cardiac function. Walking exercise was conducted in 67 healthy children (age 4-12) with a self-selected comfortable walking speed on the level surface. Walking speed was calculated, and heart rate was measured before and immediately after the walking. PCI was calculated for statistical analysis. The results were as follows; 1) The walking speed tends to increase and PCI of walking tends to decrease with age. There was significant difference in walking speed and PCI of walking among three age groups (p<.05). The change of walking heart rate tends to decrease with age, however, there was no significant difference among three age groups. 2) Linear regression equation between walking speed and age was 'Y (walking speed) = 2.124X (age) + 48.286' ($R^2$=.337), (p=.00). 3) The walking heart rate tends to decrease with age. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and age was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 143.346 - 2.63X (age)' ($R^2$=.3425), (p=.00). 4) The walking heart rate decreased as body surface area (BSA) increased. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and BSA was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 149.830 - 27.115X (BSA)' ($R^2$=.3066), (p=.00). In conclusion, these equations and PCI could be useful to quantify the variation of energy expenditure of children with pathological gait when compared with age-matched healthy children.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2014

This study investigated changes in the prelinguistic vocal production of typically developing infants aged 5-20 months based on Stark Assessment of Early Vocal Development-Revised (SAEVD-R). Fifty-eight typically developing infants participated in the study, and they were divided into four age groups, 5-8 months, 9-12 months, 13-16 months, and 17-20 months of age. Vocalization samples were collected from infants' play activities and were classified into 5 levels and 23 types using SAEVD-R. The results revealed that the four age groups showed significant differences in production proportion of vocalization levels. Level 1, 2, 4, and 5 vocalizations exhibited significantly different across the four age groups. Level 3 was predominantly produced across every age group. Therefore, the vocalization level was not significantly different across the four age groups. Especially, vowels in Level 3 vocalization predominantly produced across all ages during a long period. Also, significant increases in the proportion of Levels 4 and 5 occurred after 9 months, which suggested that the production of cannonical syllables is a key indicator of advancement in prelinguistic vocal development. The results have clinical implication in early identification and speech-language intervention for young children with speech delays or at risk.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.822-830
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• 2003

Carotenoid-rich foods focus one's attention on the prevention age-related diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the carotenoid status and look into the factors that affect the bioavailability of carotenoid in 121 elderly nonsmoking Korean women. Carotenoids and lipids in plasma, and nutrient intakes including carotenoid were studied. The mean plasma total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were 220.0 mg/dl 49.5mg/dl , 139.2mg/dl and 157.4mg/dl , respectively. Significantly positive correlations were found between the plasma lutein + zeaxanthin, lycopene and $\beta$-carotene concentrations and the intake of fruits (r=0.17, r=0.20, r=0.19). However, significantly negative correlations were found between the plasma zeaxanthin, and $\beta$-carotene concentrations that adjusted for carotenoid intakes and intakes of vegetables (r=-0.21, r=-0.19), and between plasma lutein＋zeaxanthin, lycopene and $\beta$-carotene concentrations that adjusted for carotenoid intakes and intakes of fruits (r= -0.21, r=-0.18, r=-0.24). After the adjustment for plasma lipids, there was no correlation between the plasma carotenoid concentrations and the carotenoid-rich foods. However, after adjustment for fiber intake, significantly strong positive correlations were found between the plasma carotenoid concentrations and carotenoid-rich foods. The plasma levels of carotenoid biomarkers (plasma carotenoid concentrations adjusted for dietary fiber intakes) decreased with age, and the plasma levels of lycopene biomarkers (plasma lycopene concentrations adjusted for dietary fiber intakes) increased with regular exercise. However alcohol drinking had no impact. These results suggested that age, physical activity, and dietary fiber intake affected the bioavailability of carotenoid. Therefore, when the elderly have carotenoid-rich foods, they should consider ways of increasing the bioavailability of carotenoid through cooking methods and Physical activity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1999

An age-dependent aspect of resistance to Cryptosporidium muris (strain MCR) infection was monitored in Syrian golden hamsters. Mesocricetus auratus. at 1-, 5- and 10-week of age and in ICR mice, Mus musculus, at 3-, 12-, and 15-week of age orally inoculated with a single dose of $2{\times}10^6$ oocysts. respectively. The prepatent periods for both animals were similar, independent of age, but the patency was significantly longer in younger hamsters (P<0.001) and a long tendency in younger mice. Hamsters infected at 1-week of age excreted about 10 times higher oocysts than those at 5- and 10-week of age. However, the total oocyst output was similar among mice of different ages. There was a good correlation between the length of the patency and the total oocyst output in hamsters (R=0.9646), but not in mice (R=0.456l). The immunogenicity of the parasite to homologous challenge infections was very strong in hamsters and relatively strong in mice. These results indicate that acquired resistance to C. muris infection is age-related and the innate resistance is independent of age of hamsters, and that both innate and acquired resistance, on the contrary, are irrespective of age of mice.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.846-855
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• 1998

The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of health behavior of school-age children and to identify the predicting variables of the school-age children's health behavior. The subject were 467 children in grades four to six, enrolled in two elementary schools located in two cities. The mean age of the subject was 10.03(SD=1.33). The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. The result are as follows : 1. The mean of the score of health behavior of the school-age children was 154.6, showing that they are practicing health behavior relatively well. 2. There were significant differences in the mean scores of health behavior according to grade (F=6.53 p=.001), sex(t=-3.70, p=.000), educational level of the parents(F=4.92, p=.002 ; F=4.47, p=.004), occupation of the parents(F=3.31, p=.003 ; F=4.76, p=.000), and socioeconomic status(F=11.87, p=.000). 3. There were significant correlations between health behavior and health motivation(r=.53, p=.000), self-concept(r=.32, p=.000), perceived health status(r=.16, p=.000), and health locus of control (r=.15, p=.001). 4. Health motivation, self-concept, grade, socioeconomic status, and health locus of control were identified as predictor variables of health behavior of the school-age children from the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The total percent of variance accounted for by these five variables was 35.0%. From the result, it is suggested that in the development of a school health education program, the effect of health motivation and self-concept to promote student's health behavior in school-age children should be considered.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 1989

본 연구는 산란계의 개량을위한 주요 경제형질에 대한 유전력과 유전상관을 추정하고자 1980년 3월 1일부터 1981년 7월 31일까지 사육 되어온 S.C.W. Leghorn종 351수와 R. 1. Red종 326수에서 조사된 주요 경제형질에 대한 자료로서 얻어진 결과들을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 체중은 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 각각 초산 시 1,409, 1,965 g이었고 300일영기 1,602, 2,305g이었으며, 500일영시 1,709, 2,479 g이었고, 초산일영은 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 각각 156, 163일이었다. 또한 산란수는 S.C.W,Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 300일영시에 각각 101.18, 101. 05개이었고. 500 일영시에 각각 214.39 및 214.93개이었으며, 난중은 초산시에 41.93, 41.82g, 300일영시에 57.65, 57.62g, 500일영시에 60.33, 60.57g이었다. 2. 유전력 추정치에 있어서는 S.C.W. Leghorn종 및 R. I. Red종의 체중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.492∼0.612, 0.309∼0.523이었고, 최분산성분에서 각각 0.275∼0.458, 0.134∼0.380으로 부분산성분에서 높았으며, 초산일영은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.167, 0.169이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.169, 0.095로 낮은 추정치이었으며, 산란수는 부분산성분에서 각각 0.214∼0.239, 0.137∼0.259이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.336∼0.341, 0.024∼ 0.102 이었으며, 난중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.537∼0.796, 0.519∼0.631이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.374∼0.686 및 0.116∼0.365로 부분산성분에서 높게 추정되었다. 3. 유전상관에서 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 체중과 초산일영간에는 각각 0.328∼0.426, 0.186∼0.244이었고, 체중과 산란수간에는-0.666∼-0.498, -0.542∼-0.073으로 員의 상관인 반면에, 난중과는 각각 0.384∼0.744, 0.126∼0.612로 정의 계수이었고, 초산일영과 산란수간에는 각각 -0.639∼-0.452, -0.754∼-0.320으로 높은 부의 상관인 반면에 난중과는 각각 0.478∼0.705, 0.021∼0.605로 정의 상관이었고, 산란수와 난중간에는 각각 -0.623∼-0.355, -0.861∼-0.327로 부의 상관계수이었다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2020

This study was cross sectional descriptive survey study to analysis effect of health perception and mental health status on the quality of life in the late middle aged people (45-65 years old). The data for the study were collected online from November 20 to December 10, 2019, from those who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily. A total of 192 data were used for the study. This study analyzed the Pearson correlation analysis, Descriptive analysis and Regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. As a result, the participants were 41.7% male and 58.3% female. The age group was 45-50 years old 4.2%, 51-55 years old 20.8%, 56-60 years old 54.1% and 61-65% 20.8%. Mental health status was associated with physical QOL(r=-347, p<0.01), Psychological QOL(r=-.439, p<0.01), and Social QOL(r=.280, p<0.01). Subjective health perception was associated with physical QOL(r=-589, p<0.01), Psychological QOL(r=.222, p<0.01), and Social QOL(r=.286, p<0.01). subjective health perception was found to affect all sub-factors except environmental quality of life under the statistical significance (p<0.01).

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of psychological acceptance and social support on posttraumatic growth in stomach cancer patients. Methods: The questionnaires were administered from January 14 to February 11, 2015 to 123 subjects who had stomach cancer surgery six months prior. SPSS statistics 21.0 software was used to analyze the data for t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, Scheffé test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of this study are as follows: The major factors related to posttraumatic growth included gender (t=-2.72, p=.007), age (r=-.21, p=.016), having a religion (t=-3.40, p<.001), perceived importance of religion (r=.43, p<.001), seriousness of cancer diagnosis (r=.25, p=.005) and impact of cancer diagnosis (r=.32, p<.001). There were significant relationships between psychological acceptance (r=.18, p=.041) and social support (r=.32, p<.001) on posttraumatic growth. Significantly influential factors of posttraumatic growth were age (β=-.19, p=.021), perceived importance of religion (β=.41, p<.001) and family support (β=.29, p<.001), which together accounted for 36.5% of the variance in posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: The result of current study indicated that age, importance of religion, and family support influenced posttraumatic growth. Based on the findings of this study, developing nursing intervention programs focusing on increasing posttraumatic growth in stomach cancer patients is recommended.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this is to identify the relationship among the age, body mass index(BMI) and exercise frequency(EF) with knee joint position sense in korean healthy women. Methods: Healthy women of 328 who participated in this study were tested knee joint position sense; reposition error was measured with a Myrin goniometer. Each reposition error was analyzed using descriptive statics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean reposition error by age groups was significant decrease getting older. The mean reposition error by BMI groups was significant decrease getting higher. And the mean reposition error by EF groups was significant decrease getting lower. The knee joint position sense showed a significantly correlation with age(r=0.36, p=.00), BMI(r=0.34, p=.00) and EF(r=-0.50, p=.00). The most powerful predictor of knee joint position sense was EF. The reposition error according to stepwise multiple regression is $3.36+(-2.64){\times}EF+0.13{\times}age$, and account for 46%($R^2=0.46$) of the variance in the knee joint position sense. Conclusion: The older the women are, for prevent of knee injuries due to decreased joint position sense, regular exercise is essential factor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 1992

Body water compartments in vivo were determined in Holstein cattle with age ranging from 5 to 521 days to obtain an equation to estimate volumes of body water. Live weight ranged from 47 to 480 kg. Compartments were determined as antipyrine space for total body water (TBW), thiocyanate space for extracellular water (ECW) and Evans blue dye space for plasma water (PW). Body water compartments expressed as a percentage of live weight decreased as age in days increased and significantly correlated with age in days. Regression analyses revealed that prediction equations had low accuracy. Regression equations of body water compartments on live weight (WT, kg) were useful for the prediction of body fluid with a high accuracy. Live weight significantly regressed on age in days (Day), which was inferred to be utilized for estimation of standardized live weight in case animals were emaciated by certain causes such as severe diarrhea or dehydration. In conclusion, following equations were presented to estimate body water compartments of cattle in vivo : TBW in liters = $0.556({\pm}0.007)WT+10$, r = 0.993, $SE{\pm}0.7$ ECW in liters = $0.321({\pm}0.008)WT+10$, r = 0.978, $SE{\pm}0.8$ PW in liters = $0.0502({\pm}0.0012)WT+1.6$, r = 0.0983, $SE{\pm}0.1$ WT (kg) = $0.772({\pm}0.018)Day+24$, r = 0.982, $SE{\pm}2.3$.