• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of group therapeutic exercise programs on the cognitive function, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and balance-performing ability in older adults. Fifteen community-dwelling subjects (mean age 73.7 yrs, standard deviation 2.4) participated in this study. An 8-week group therapeutic exercise program, including strengthening and balance training, breathing and gait exercise, and recreation, consisted of activities related to daily living. The Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean (MMSE-K), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Reaching Test (FRT), and Timed Up & Go (TUG) test were measured during pre-exercise and post-exercise points. The results of this study were as follows: 1. After eight weeks, the MMSE-K and MBI total score was more significantly increased for post-exercise tests than pre-exercise tests (respectively, p<.05, p<.01). 2. Of the MBI contents, personal hygiene, dressing, ambulation, and chair/bed transfers scores were significant increased for post-exercise tests. 3. Post exercise BBS, FRT, and TUG scores were higher than the pre-exercise scores. The difference was statistically significant (respectively, p<.05, p<.05, p<.01). These findings suggest that group therapeutic exercise can be used to improve the cognitive function, ADL, and balance-performing ability in elderly persons.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the changes of the pain, fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression after Tai Chi for arthritis. Method: The subjects were 19 osteoarthritis women enrolled at one primary health care post. They have agreed to participate in this study, and participated in the 12-week Tai Chi program from Dec. 2006 to Mar. 2007, and all the measurement processes in right after, 2 months later, and 4 months later after Tai Chi program. The measurement tools of this study were all self-reported questionnaires such as Numerical Rating Scale (0-100) for pain, fatigue, and perceived health status, Korean-WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis) Index for joint stiffness, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire, and CES-Depression scale. Results: The repeated measure ANOVA revealed the significant differences on pain among the right after, 2 months later, and 4 months later the program. Especially 2 months later after program, pain was significantly increased than right after by t-test. There were no significant differences on fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression. Conclusion: Pain was increased after Tai Chi for arthritis program, but fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression were not changed until 4 months after Tai Chi program.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2020

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of progressive resistance task-oriented strengthening exercises (PRTSE) on the strength of the lower extremities, balance, and activities of daily living (ADL) of patients following a stroke. The purpose of the study was to provide fundamental data regarding the use of PRTSE with stroke patients. Methods: Twenty stroke patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 10) who took part in PRTSE and a control group (n = 10) who performed general rehabilitation exercises. Both groups performed their respective exercises for 30 minutes five times a week for four weeks. The strength of their lower extremities was measured using a hand-held dynamometer. The balance of the participants was assessed using a Berg balance scale. The modified Barthel index was conducted to measure ADL. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PRTSE. Differences between the experimental and the control groups were analyzed using an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was α = 0.05. Results: After the exercises, there was a significant within-group change in the strength of lower extremities, balance, and ADL in the experimental group and the control group (p < 0.05). There was also a significant between-group difference in the strength of lower extremities after the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: General rehabilitation is commonly applied as a treatment for stroke patients and is relatively effective. The application of PRTSE may be useful in such patients, considering its effects on the strength of lower extremities, balance, and ADL.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.21-37
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• 2022

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is difficult to forecast because of the high volatility and complexity. To improve the BDI forecasting ability, this study apply Bayesian variable selection method with a large number of predictors. Our estimation results based on the BDI and all predictors from January 2000 to September 2021 indicate that the out-of-sample prediction ability of the ADL model with the variable selection is superior to that of the AR model in terms of point and density forecasting. We also find that critical predictors for the BDI change over forecasts horizon. The lagged BDI are being selected as an key predictor at all forecasts horizon, but commodity price, the clarksea index, and interest rates have additional information to predict BDI at mid-term horizon. This implies that time variations of predictors should be considered to predict the BDI.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the levels of quality of life (QOL) according to the grade of long-term care service for the elderly people who were admitted from long-term care insurance, and to reveal its association with the physical and mental functioning such as the Activity of Daily Living (ADL), the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version (MMSE-K). Methods: The interviews were performed during the period from March 1 to May 31, 2009, for 958 elderly people in urban and rural areas. The questionnaire items included various indices such as the ADL, IADL, CES-D, and MMSE-K, as independent variables and the index of QOL, as the dependent ones. For statistical analysis, t-tests were used for the mean scores of QOL according to gender and the grade of long-term care services, and Spearman's correlation was used for each variable. The effects of physical and mental functioning for QOL were assessed by covariance structure analysis. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean scores of QOL among all the subjects was $55.4{\pm}15.62$ (Grade I: $49.7{\pm}14.17$, Grade II: $56.8{\pm}14.62$, Grade III: $59.4{\pm}16.36$), and it was lower according to the higher grade of long-term care insurance. In terms of the correlation matrix of the QOL and the physical and mental function factors, the QOL showed positive correlation with the ADL, IADL and MMSE-K, while it had negative correlation with depression. On the analysis of covariance, mental functioning (depression and the MMSE-K) had a greater influence on the level of QOL than the physical functioning (ADL and IADL). Conclusions: The level of the QOL in the elderly people who were admitted from long-term care insurance was lower according to higher the grade of long-term care insurance. Also, the mental functioning (depression and MMSE-K) was more influential on the level of the QOL than the physical functioning (ADL and IADL).

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 과제지향적 동작관찰훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 환측 상지기민성과 일상생활활동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 15명의 뇌졸중 편마비 환자를 선정하여 단일집단 사전사후 설계를 사용하였다. 대상자는 동영상을 통하여 과제지향적 동작수행을 관찰한 후 동작을 반복적으로 모방 연습하였다. 훈련은 주 3회, 회당 20~30분, 3주간 실시하였다. 환측 상지기민성에 대해 MFT, 10초 검사, 박스와 나무상자 검사를 시행하였고, 일상생활활동은 MBI, MAL을 수행하였다. 전, 후 비교는 윌콕슨 부호순위검정를 사용하였다. 결과 : 훈련 후, 대상자의 환측 상지기민성은 훈련 전에 비해 유의한 차이를 보였고, 일상생활활동 또한 훈련 전과 훈련 후에 유의미한 증진을 보였다. 결론 : 과제지향적 과제를 적용한 동작관찰훈련은 뇌졸중 환자의 환측 상지기민성과 일상생활활동에 긍정적인 효과를 보였다. 따라서 동작관찰훈련을 작업치료 중재 유형의 한 전략으로 제안하고자 한다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

목적 : 본 예비 연구는 가상현실 기반의 일상생활활동 훈련이 외상성 뇌손상 환자의 일상생활활동 및 재활동기에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 7명의 외상성 뇌손상 환자를 대상으로 중재 전-후 설계를 수행하였다. 대상자들은 하루 30분, 주 2~3회, 4주간 가상현실 기반의 일상생활활동 훈련을 수행하였다. 중재 전과 후로 평가를 수행하였다. 측정은 수정바델지수, 기능적 독립척도(인지), 의지 설문지가 평가되었다. 중재 전과 후의 변화는 윌콕슨 부호순위 검정으로 분석하였고, 상관관계는 스피어만 상관분석을 이용하였다. 결과 : 중재 후, 외상성 뇌손상 환자는 한국판 수정바델지수에서 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<.05). 기능적 독립척도(인지)와 재활동기는 유의한 변화가 없었다(p>.05). 기능적 독립척도(인지)는 재활동기와 유의한 상관이 있었다(p<.05, r=.755). 기능적 독립척도(인지)의 사회인지영역은 재활동기와 유의한 상관이 있었다(p<.05, r=826). 결론 : 가상현실 기반의 일상생활활동 훈련은 일상생활활동 수행능력을 향상시킬 수 있으나, 사회인지와 재활동기의 개선여부가 가능한지에 대해서는 연구가 더 필요하다.

• 재활복지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.163-178
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• 2016

본 연구는 치매노인의 일반적 특성 및 병리학적 특성에 따라 인지능력, 일상생활동작 수행능력, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 비교하고자 실시되었다. 2016년 7월 15일부터 동년 8월 30일까지 주간보호시설을 이용하는 치매노인 136명을 대상으로 한국형 간이 정신상태 검사(MMSE-KC), 한글판 수정바델지수(K-MBI), 세계보건기구의 삶의 질 간편형 척도을 번역된 한국어판(Korean version WHOQOL-BREF)을 사용하여 정보를 수집하고 값을 분석하였다. 연구결과는 치매노인의 인지기능 비교에서, 연령대, 교육수준, 치매정도에 따라 인지능력에 차이가 있었고(p < .05), 치매노인의 일상생활동작 수행능력 비교에서, 연령대, 교육수준, 치매경과기간, 치매정도, 과거직업에 따라 차이가 있었으며(p < .05), 치매노인의 삶의 질 비교에서, 연령대, 치매경과기간, 치매정도, 과거직업에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < .05). 인지능력과 일상생활동작 수행능력, 삶의 질과 인지능력, 삶의 질과 일상생활동작 수행능력 간의 유의한 상관성을 보였으며(p < .001), 치매노인의 삶의 질은 인지능력과 일상생활동작 수행능력에 크게 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다(p < .01). 따라서 치매노인의 사회적 물리적 측면에서 더 활발한 치료적 중재 및 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2023

목적 : 연구는 국민건강보험공단의 2015년 노인코호트 database를 이용하여 지역사회 노인의 라이프스타일 위험요인이 일상생활 활동과 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 독립변수로 설정한 라이프스타일의 위험요인은 체질량지수, 흡연, 음주, 격렬한 운동, 중간정도 운동, 걷기 운동에 대한 변수를 분류하여 분석에 사용하였으며, 종속변수는 기본적/수단적 일상생활 활동 그리고 인지기능으로 설정하여 분석하였다. 성별과 연령에 따른 일상생활과 인지기능은 t-test와 일원배치 분산분석을 실시하였다. 라이프스타일 위험요인과 일상생활 활동, 인지기능 간의 상관관계와 영향력을 분석하기 위해 피어슨 상관 분석(Pearson correlation)과 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 지역사회 노인의 라이프스타일 위험요인이 기본적/일상생활 활동과 인지기능에 통계적으로 유의한 설명력을 보였다. 기본적 일상생활 활동에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별과 걷기 운동이었으며, 설명력은 1.7%로 나타났다. 수단적 일상생활 활동은 연령과 음주, 걷기 운동이었으며, 설명력은 2.6%를 보였다. 그리고 인지기능은 성별과 연령, 체질량지수, 격렬한 운동과 걷기 운동이었으며, 설명력은 5.3%로 나타났다. 결론 : 지역사회 노인들에서 라이프스타일 위험요인이 기본적/수단적 일상생활 활동과 인지기능에 부분적으로 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 생물학적 노화에 직면한 노년기 노인들의 건강한 삶을 개선 및 유지하기 위해 라이프스타일 위험요인을 체계적으로 관리할 필요성을 시사한다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mirror therapy with functional electrical stimulation to improve upper extremity motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients. Method : Thirty patients were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups 15 patients in each. All subjects received the general occupational therapy consisting of five 30 min sessions per week for 8 weeks, in addition to 30 min of mirror therapy with functional electrical stimulation for the experimental group and 30 min of functional electrical stimulation for the control group for each session. To measure the functions of the upper limb and performance capacities in ADL, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and Manual Function Test (MFT), Modified Barthel Index (MBI) were used before and after the interventions. Results : Both the experimental and control groups showed a statistically significant increase in post-treatment FMA, MFT and MBI scores compared to their pre-treatment scores (p<.05). In addition, intergroup comparisons revealed a statistically significant increase in the scores of all assessments for the experimental group compared to those for the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : Based on these results, it is reasonable to conclude that mirror therapy with functional electrical stimulation is an effective intervention for improving upper limb motor function and ADL performance in stroke patients.