• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.445-454
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 고이득 이중 반사경 안테나(DTA: Dual Reflector Antenna)의 성능 향상을 위한 최적설계 기법으로 유전 알고리즘(GA: Genetic Algorithm)을 적용하였다. 또한, 최적설계과정에서 반복해석에 요구되는 계산 시간을 줄이고자 ADE 안테나의 각 반사경의 표면전류분포 계산에 반복적 물리광학법(IPO: Iterative Physical Optics)을 이용하였다. 물리광학법 적용시 음영지역에 대한 고려 및 다중반사에 의한 영향을 MFIE(Magnetic Field Integral Equation) 기반의 반복적인 계산을 통해서 해의 정확도를 향상시켰다. 또한, 설계변수의 축소 및 제작 가능한 부드러운 곡면 형성을 위하여 베지어 곡선을 적용하였다. 이럴 경우, 베지어 곡선의 제어점이 설계변수로 설정이 된다. 최적설계를 위한 목적함수로 HPBW(Half Power Beam Width), FNBW(First Null Beam Width), SLL(Side Lobe Level) 등을 고려하였으며, 설계 및 해석의 결과를 기존의 상용 해석프로그램과 비교하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2003

Ankyrins are a ubiquitously expressed family of intracellular adaptor proteins involved in targeting diverse proteins to specialized membrane domains in both the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. Recently, the studies with C-terminus of ankyrins have identified that ankyrin-B is capable of interacting with Hsp40 and sAnkl is capable of interacting with obscurin and titin, but the function of C-terminal domain of ankyrin-G remains unknown. To identify proteins interacting C-terminus of ankyrin-G, we used the C-terminus of ankyrin-G as a bait for a yeast two-hybrid screen of brain cDNA library. Approximately 1.33$\times$l0$^6$ transformants were screened, of which 13 positive clones were obtained as determined by activation of HIS3, ADE2 and MELl reporter genes. Sequence analyses of these 13 plasmids revealed that cDNA inserts of 13 colonies showed highly homologous to 11 genes, including 5 known (i.e., Na$^+$/K$^+$ ATPase $\beta$1, SERBPl, UTF2, cytochrome C oxidase and collagen IV $\alpha$2) and 6 unknown genes. The evaluation of the proteins that emerge from these experiments provides a rational approach to investigate the those proteins significant in interaction with ankyrin-G.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.229-234
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• 1989

보효소고분자화를 위한 담체로서 $\beta$ - casein에 NAD$/^+$ 를 효소법으로 고정화하였다. 21개의 glutamine 잔기를 함유하는 수용성고분자물질로서 transglutaminase 촉매작용에 의해 NAD$/^+$analog의 amino기와 r-glutamylamine bond를 형성하여 결합하였다. $\beta$-Casein은 $/_a_s_1+$(1분자내에 15개의 glutamine잔기를 함유)에 비하여 효과적인 고정화담체이었으며 8-(6-amino hexyl) aminonicotinamide ade-nine dinucleotide는 N$^6$-[(6-aminohexyl)-carba-moylmethy]-NAD$^+$에 비하여 고정화수율이 높았다. 고정화에 있어 NAN$_3$의 첨가는 필수적이었다. 고정화 NAD$^+$ Km치는 NAD$^+$또는 NAD$^+$analog와 비슷하였으나 max.rate는 고정화하므로써 31% 감소되었다. 그러나 고정화하므로써 NAD$^+$의 alkaline pH에서의 안정성은 증대되었으며, 고정화 보효소를 칼슘침전하여 분리회수하였을 경우에도 보효소 활성을 유지, NAD$^+$형 (산화형)과 NADH형(환원형)으로 상호전환되므로써 재생되었다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2006

The characteristics of $CO_2$ or Nd:YAG laser welded 600MPa ade TRIP steel was investigated. He or Ar gas was used as a shield gas in case of $CO_2$ laser welding, but the shield gas was not used in case of Nd:YAG laser welding. Bead on plate welding was performed with various welding conditions. Defects in the joints of both welding type occurred at 1.8m/min but were not observed over the welding speed of 2.1m/min in case of Nd:YAG laser welding. However, porosity occurred in $CO_2$ laser welding and the tendency of decreasing with the increase of welding speed. The hardness was the highest at heat affected zone near fusion zone as well as at the fusion zone and decreased on approaching the base metal. In a perpendicular tensile test to the weld line, all specimens that have been welded at optimum conditions were fractured at the base metal, and the tensile properties showed the rather higher than those of raw material. In a parallel tensile test, the strength of the joints was higher than that of the base metal. Elongation was found to be lower than that of the raw material. Forming height by Erichsen test and elongation were deeply related with the ratio of base metal/weld metal and the maximum hardness of the weld metal. Also porosity induced to decrease the strength and the elongation. The maximum formability was recorded at approximately 80% as compared with that of the raw material with the optimum condition.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.396-406
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• 2006

In this study, elementary school students' science learning characteristics together with the levels of inquiry requirement in elementary school science experiment instruction were investigated in terms of the affective domain. We divided seventy-three students of the fifth ade into two groups according to the levels of inquiry requirement. After each instruction had been implemented, the characteristics of the students' learning in terms of the affective domain were compared and analyzed within the context of the levels of inquiry requirement. There were no significant differences between Level 1(LL) and Level 2(HL) groups in terms of the affective characteristics. These results may be caused by the burden imposed by the difficulty in thinking through and setting up the experimental methods. However, the HL group students' levels of interest in science experiments was higher than that of the LL group. In conclusion, the HL instruction contributed little to the improvement of affective characteristics. Some possible reasons might be that students felt difficulties with the somewhat unfamiliar instructions which required them to design and perform experiments. Higher levels of interest in science experiments amongst HL students' implies that well-organized and continuous exercises involving the design and performance of experiments could improve students' scientific affective characteristics.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2013

Objective: This study aimed to identify the status and risk factors of rituximab infusion-related adverse events (ADE) in rituximab-na$\ddot{i}$ve patients with cancer diseases. Method: A retrospective analysis using electronic medical records review was conducted. Inclusions were patients with a diagnosis of cancer disease with the initiation of rituximab-included treatment who were na$\ddot{i}$ve to rituximab during January 2011 to March 2013 at National Cancer Center (NCC) in Korea. Result: Total 110 patients, 582 cases of rituximab administrations, were reported in the study. About 57.2% of patients were 51-70 years old and evenly distributed between two genders and 72.7% were BMI less than $25kg/m^2$. All of study patients were diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Fifty patients (45.4%) and 54 cases (9.3%) were experienced rituximab infusion-related AEs even with conservative administration protocol at NCC. The most frequently occurring AEs were shivering followed by rash and itching. In single variant analysis, we found that the early stage of NHL, low exposure to rituximab administrations, high white blood cell counts, high lymphocyte counts, high absolute neutrophil count and low lactate dehydrogenase were associated with infusion-related AEs (p<0.05). The early stage of disease, high lymphocyte counts, low exposure to rituximab administrations were also related significantly with AEs in multiple variants analysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: Rituximab infusion-related AEs for patients who were na$\ddot{i}$ve to rituximab were still a concern with conservative administration protocol. The adverse drug reactions were significantly associated with early stage of NHL, higher lymphocyte counts and low exposure to rituximab administrations. The factors need to be considered with close monitoring to prevent rituximab infusion-related AE.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1999

석탄화력 발전소에서 발생하는 수백만 톤의 석탄회는 콘크리트 혼화재 및 건축자재로 재활용이 가능함에도 불구하고 과다한 미연탄소 함량으로 인해 대부분 회사장(Ash Pond) 되는데, 이로 인해 환경오염유발, 회사장 포화에 따른 발전소의 수명 감소, 그리고 재활용 가능한 자원의 낭비와 같은 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구는 석탄회 내의 미연탄소분을 분리하여 미연탄소분 함량이 낮은 고순도 석탄회를 회수하기 위해 직류관 믹서(In-Line Mixer) 발생기키는 역류형 컬럼부선기를 이용하였다. 이때 입자 표면에 소수성의 특성을 강화시키는 포스제의 증가에 따른 석탄회와 미연탄소 입자의 분리 특성을 분석하였다. 석탕회 톤당 8ι의 포수제를 사용한 역류형 컬럼 부선기를 이용하여 미연탄소분 함유량이 7%인 석탄회를 분리 실험한 결과 미연탄소분 함유량 0.5%인 고순도 석탄회를 88.2% 회수하였다. 그리고 질량 평균입경이 21.2$mu extrm{m}$인 석탄회를 분리 실험하여 입도를 분석한 결과 분리 정도에 따라 입도는 뚜렷하게 구별되어 나타났는데, 분리효율이 증가할수록 정제 석탄회의 경우 입도는 조대해져 입도 분포의 양극화 현상이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 포수제의 투입량이 증대함에 따라 미연탄소 입자의 계면에 소수성이 강화되어 분리 특성이 향상되었으며, 이때 회수한 고순도 석탄회의 입도는 미세화 되는 경향이 나타났다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1999

동 매트 중에 함유된 불순물 중 단순한 산화정련으로는 제거하기 어려워 제련 후 조동에 함유되어 동의 순도와 기계적 성질을 저하시키는 Ni와 Sb를 매트제련 동안에 제거하기 위한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 공기 송풍에 의한 합성 동 매트의 용련 반응을 통하여 반응 생성물인 매트와 슬래그 그리고 조동에 함유된 Ni와 Sb의 거동 및 상호 연관성을 조사하였다. 공기 송풍에 따른 합성 매트의 용련동안 생성된 반응 생성물에 대한 Ni와 Sb의 분배비로부터 Sb가 Ni과 공존 시 Ni의 슬래그화를 촉진하는 역할을 하며, 또한 Ni은 Sb와 공존시 조동 중으로의 Sb 이동을 저해하고 슬래그화를 촉진시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 Ni와 Sb의 슬래그화를 유도하기 위해서는 Ni와 Sb의 공존이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2021

Objective The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of Galgeunhwanggeumhwangryeon-tang in reducing inflammation through the endocannabinoid system (ECS) control in atopic dermatitis. Methods 8-week-old Balb/C mice were divided into 4 groups: contorl group (Ctrl), lipid barrier elimination group (ADE), palmitoylethanolamide treated group after lipid barrier elimination (PEA), and Galgeunhwanggeumhwangryeon-tang applied group after lipid barrier elimination (GGRT). After inducing atopic dermatitis, cannabinoid receptor (CB) 1, CB2, CD68, phosphorylated inhibitor kappa B (p-IκB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), substance P and serotonin were observed to confirm the regulation of the ECS, macrophage activity and mast cell activity. Results CB1 and CB2 showed higher positive reactions in the GGRT than in the LBE and PEA. CD68, p-IκB and iNOS showed higher positive reaction in the LBE, PEA and GGRT than in the Ctrl, but the increase in the positive reaction was lower in the GGRT compared to the LBE and PEA. Substance P and serotonin showed higher positive reaction in the LBE, PEA and GGRT than in the Ctrl, but the increase in the positive reaction was lower in the GGRT compared to the LBE and PEA. Conclusions The effects of Galgeunhwanggeumhwangryeon-tang were confirmed though the regulation of the ECS, macrophage activity and mast cell activity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2019

Phytate induced excessive mineral excretion through poultry litter leads to poor performance and environmental pollution. Exogenous microbial phytase supplementation to poultry diets reduce the environmental excretion of nutrient and improve bird's performance. However, excessive dietary sodium (Na) level may hinder the phytase-mediated phytate hydrolysis and negate the beneficial effects of phytase. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentration dietary Na on phytase activity and subsequent impact on broiler performance, bone mineralisation and nutrient utilisation. In this study, six experimental diets, consisting of three different levels of Na (1.5, 2.5, or 3.5 g/kg) and two levels of microbial phytase (0 or 500 U/kg) were formulated by using $3{\times}2$ factorial design. The six experimental diets were offered to 360 day-old Ross 306 male chicks for 35 days, where, each experimental diet consisted of 6 replicates groups with 10 birds. Along with growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal enzyme activity, dry matter (DM) content of litter and mineral status in bone were analysed. Dietary Na and phytase had no effect on bode weight gain and feed intake. Birds on the low Na diet showed higher (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the mid-Na diets. High dietary Na adversely affected (p < 0.001) excreta DM content. Phytase supplementation to the high-Na diet increased (p < 0.01) the litter ammonia content. High dietary Na with phytase supplementation improved ($Na{\times}phytase$, p < 0.05) the AME value and ileal digestibility of Ca and Mg. The total tract retention of Ca, P, and Mg was reduced with high Na diet, which was counteracted by phytase supplementation ($Na{\times}phytase$, p < 0.001). The diets containing mid-level of Na improved (p < 0.001) the function of Na-K-ATPase and Mg-ATPase in the jejunum. The overall results indicate that high dietary Na did not affect phytase activity but influenced the nutrient utilization of birds, which was not reflected in bird overall performance.