• Applied Microscopy
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2012

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Neuropathological hallmarks of AD are amyloid plaques, dystrophic neurite, and alteration of subcellular organelles. However, the morpho-functional study of this degenerative process and ultimate neuronal death remains poorly elucidated. In this study, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses were performed to clarify the abnormal morphological alterations caused by the progression of AD in APP/PSEN1 transgenic mice, express human amyloid precursor protein, as a model for AD. In transgenic AD mice brain, the accumulation of Amyloid ${\beta}$ plaques and well-developed dystrophic neurites containing anti-LC3 antibody-positive autophagosomes were detected in the hippocampus and cortex regions. We also found severe disruption of mitochondrial cristae using high-voltage electron microscopy and three-dimensional electron tomography (3D tomography). These results provide morpho-functional evidence on the alteration of subcellular organelles in AD and may help in the investigation of the pathogenesis of AD.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.47-48
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• 2006

Oridinal thermal spray process has developed into two ways, namely, temperature dominated represented by plasma spraying, and velocity dominated represented by HVOF. It is common for both that the particle materials sprayed are basically in melted or half melted condition. New process has developed recently, that is, Cold Spray and Aerosol Deposition. Particle's heating is limited in CS lower than half of the material's melting point. Moreover, exactly no heating is loaded in AD process. Through the investigation on common feature for these three spraying processes, potential of new material process - Particle Deposition, PD - is considered and proposed.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.143-162
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• 2008

The Title 19 of the U.S. Code covers custom duties and is the heart of international trade regulation in the U.S.. Among the provisions in Title 19, is Chapter 4, the Tariff Act of 1930. Under U.S. Antidumping duty law, dumping occurs when `subject merchandise' is imported into the U.S. and sold at less than `fair value.' The administration of U.S. Antidumping duty law is shared between the Department of Commerce('Commerce') and International Trade Commission('USITC'). The U.S. Court of International Trade ("CIT") and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ("CAFC") decided the review of antidumping duty ("AD") determinations and administrative review results issued by the Commerce and the USITC, as well as the review of countervailing duty ("CVD") decisions. In Eurodif S.A. v. United States, the CAFC considered the important issue of whether the antidumping and countervailing duty laws apply to sales and purchases of services--in this case, the sale or purchase of enrichment services. Although the federal courts had considered the issue of whether a sale of enrichment services constitutes a sale of goods, the issue had never arisen in the context of the antidumping and countervailing duty laws. Also this is the first time that the Supreme Court has ever agreed to consider an antidumping case.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1996

A few archeological excavation of Buddhist temple sites of Koguryo were reported with information of site arrangement. The interpretation of such information is very important not only for the explanation of Korea early Buddhist architecture but also for the development of East Asian cases in general since no archeological evidences of the same period were found in other countries such as China. Though the investigation of the four temple sites this paper attempt to identify their date of construction and the process of change. The study depended much on comparative studies of the change of site elements such as pagoda, image hall., corridor, and other buildings. The study could conclude that the site of SangO-Ri must be the earliest case which was followed by ChungRung-Sa, which was built in around 427AD. The site of ToSung-Ri was the case which was the work of the rate 5th century. Such process of the development of Buddhist architecture in Koguryo unveils the fact that the process of change was a continuous flow toward a consistent goal of change that had much to do with the contemporary religious situation.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집C
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• pp.146-151
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• 2001

This study is an investigation for the ADS optimum design by using FEM. We write out program which express ADS perfectly and reduce the required time for correcting of model to the minimum in solution and manufacture result. We complete algorithm which can plan optimum forming of model by feedback error information in CAE. For that, we draw up ADS program which modeling rachet wheel by using visual LISP and telegraph to ANSYS, structural solution program, we can solve stress solution. Then we correct model by feedback date obtaining in solution process, repeat course following stress solution again and do modeling rachet wheel for optimum forming. That is our aim. As a result of experience, we can develope automatic design program using Visual LISP and exhibit ADS as modeling third dimension CAD for optimum design. Also, we develop optimum design algorithm using ADS and FEM. In rachet wheel, greatest equivalence stress originates in key groove comer and KS standard is proved the design for security.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2011

익산 미륵사지 석탑은 백제 무왕대(639년)에 기초부가 조성되면서 창건된 것으로 알려져 왔다. 석탑의 주요 부재는 중생대 쥐라기에 생성된 미륵산의 중조립질 회백색 흑운모화강암으로서 조암광물은 석영, 장석, 흑운모, 백운모와 인회석 및 갈염석 등으로 구성되어 있다. 대부분의 부재는 비교적 강한 물성을 가지고 있으나 장기간 풍화를 거치면서 전체적인 내구성은 중간풍화(MW: $883kgf/cm^3$ 정도까지 약화되었다. 이 과정에서 부재의 강도에 영향을 주는 휨, 전단 및 압축력의 저하에 따라 절단(31%), 결실(57%), 균열(44%) 등의 손상이 발생하였다. 원부재는 보존처리를 통해 재사용율을 약 74%까지 높일 수 있으며, 일부 결실과 절단된 부재를 신석재로 성형할 부재가 약 55개 정도이다. 재사용이 거의 불가능한 26%의 외면석과 적심석 일부는 탑의 구조적 안정성을 유지하기 위해 신석재로의 대체가 불가피하다. 따라서 익산지역의 채석장을 중심으로 석탑과 동일한 암석을 탐색한 결과, 황등지역의 석재가 미륵사지 석탑의 원부재와 가장 유사하고 안정적인 물성을 보였다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to provide a better understanding of SUPAC-IR and its application in handling postapproval changes to immediate release solid oral dosage forms. Originally, SUPAC-IR was aimed at reducing the regulator burdern of the industry when they were making postapproval changes, but still at maintaining the formulation quality and performance of a drug product. The postapproval changes that were covered under SUPAC-IR included variations in the components ad composition of formulation, the site of manufacturing, batch size, manufacturing equipment, and manufacturing process. The guidance defined levels of changes, based on the likelihood of risk ocurrence and potential impact of postapproval changes upon the safety and efficacy of a drug product I suggested what a type of fing report should be submitted to the FDA for each level of change. Chemist, manufacturing, and control tests to be executed were also recommended for each change level The important tests specified in the guidance included batch release, stability, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo bioequivalence tests. However, there have been strong demands on revising the current SUPAC-IR in order to resolve some issues and to improve its usefulness in evaluating postapproval changes to immediate release solid oral dosage forms. In particular, the rigorous requirement of case C dissolution test and the definition of batch size were challenged by both academia and the industry. A revision work was in progress to reflect these inputs and to expand the utility of SUPAC-IR. As a result of these concerted efforts, an updated 2nd version of SPAC-IR would be likely to be issued ver soon to the public.