• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제26권
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• pp.4.1-4.6
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was carried out to determine whether or not pine needles can be used as passive samplers of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using the correlation between accumulated PAH concentrations in air (Ca, ng/$m^3$) and those deposited on pine needles (Cp, ng/g dry). Methods: PAHs in ambient air was collected using low volume PUF sampler and pine needles was gathered at same place for 7 months. Results: A good correlation ($R^2$=0.8582, p<0.05) was found between Ca and Cp for PAHs with a higher gaseous state in air (AcPy, Acp, Flu, Phen, Ant, Flt, Pyr, BaA and Chry), but there was a poorer correlation ($R^2$=0.1491, p=0.5123) for the PAHs with a lower gaseous state (BbF, BkF, BaP, DahA, BghiP and Ind123). A positive correlation ($R^2$=0.8542) was revealed between the logarithm of the octanol-air partitioning coefficient ($logK_{oa}$) and Cp/Ca for the PAHs with a higher gaseous state in air, but there was a negative correlation ($R^2$=0.8131) for the PAHs with a lower gaseous state. The Ca-Cp model could not be used to estimate PAHs concentrations in air using deposited PAHs concentrations on pine needles, but the logKoa-Cp/Ca model could be used. Conclusions: It was found that pine needles can be used as passive samplers of atmospheric PAHs.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1990

In a attempt to find out the effects of the irradiation on the lymphatic organs of birds, a total of 40 chickens(4 week old) were selected at random and alloted to control and experimental groups. The experiments were irradiated Co-60 ${\gamma}-ray/400$ rads, and then the enzyme histochemical activity of Bursa Fabricious(BF), thymus and spleen and hematological changes were compared with those of controls for 30 days(24 hrs., 5, 10, 20 and 30 days). The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The activity of acid phosphatase(ACP) of the reticuloendothelial cells of BF, thymus and spleen and the epithelia of BF of the experiments were increased significantly from the early experimental terms and then returned to the same level of controls through the late experimental terms. 2. The activity of nonspecific esterase(NSE) of the constituent cells with exception of the lymphocytes in BF, thymus and spleen of experiments were increased significantly from the early experimental terms and then returned to the same level of control through the late experimental terms. 3. The lymphocyte percentage, total erythrocytes and homoglobin of the experiments were severely decreased from early experimental terms and then increased to the normal levels of them incontrols.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제23권1호통권72호
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• pp.86-91
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• 1995

Rhizopus oryzae의 카드뮴 적응 및 해독기작과 이에 관련된 세포내 생리 생화학적 변화를 조사하였다. R. oryzae는 카드뮴을 첨가 배양하였을 때 카드뮴 영향하에서는 carbohydrate metabolic pathway에 관련된 효소 활성(MDH, GPI)이 촉진되고 과산화물 제거에 관여하는 효소가 새롭게 유도(CAT2)된 반면, lactate를 이용하는 효소(LDH, ADH)의 활성이 감소된 사실은 중금속 영향하에서 세포의 성장과 에너지 공급을 위해 에너지 수율이 낮은 lactate를 이용하는 경로보다는 에너지 수율이 높은 TCA cycle 경로에 작용하는 효소들과 독성과산화물 제거에 관여하는 효소의 더 많은 derepression이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2015년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.740-743
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• 2015

The increasing complexity of integrated circuits and IP-based hardware designs have created the risk of hardware Trojans. This paper introduces a new type of threat, the coherence-exploiting hardware Trojan. This Trojan can be maliciously implanted in master components in a system, and continuously injects memory read transactions on to bus or main interconnect. The injected traffic forces the eviction of cache lines, taking advantage of cache coherence protocols. This type of Trojans insidiously slows down the system performance, incurring Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack. We used Xilinx Zynq-7000 device to implement and evaluate the coherence-exploiting Trojan. The malicious traffic was injected through the AXI ACP interface in Zynq-7000. Then, we collected the L2 cache eviction statistics with performance counters. The experiment results reveal the severe threats of the Trojan to the system performance.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate autonomy, teaching effectiveness, and clinical practice satisfaction for fundamentals nursing clinical practice in student nurses. Method: The participants were 244 sophomores, who had done the practice for 8 weeks from June 17 ${\sim}.33$ August 23, 2005. Autonomy the Caring Perspective(ACP) devised by Boughn(1995) was used to measure autonomy, Instrument to Measure Effectiveness of Clinical Instructor(IMECL) by Reeve(1994) for measuring teaching effectiveness, and an instrument by Moon(2002) for measuring satisfaction. Results: After practice, the role model was seen as rich in knowledge and experience(48.77%). Desirable categories for instructor were full-time professors with a practice background and head nurses(31.97%). Average score for autonomy was 3.71(${\pm}.33$), for teaching effectiveness, 3.67(${\pm}.48$) and for satisfaction 3.51(${\pm}.38$). Autonomy scores were high for students satisfied with their major(F=5.23, p=.006), and interested In practice(F=4.38, p=.014). Teaching effectiveness scores were high for students satisfied with practice (F=2.57, p=.038). Clinical practice satisfaction scores were high for students interested in practice(F=5.01, p=.007). Relationships between autonomy and teaching effectiveness (r=.174, p=.006), and between leaching effectiveness and satisfaction showed a positive correlation(r=.632, p=.000). Conclusion: Interest in clinical practice courses in first year affect autonomy, teaching effectiveness and satisfaction.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권7호
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• pp.1721-1728
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• 2019

The advanced node core code CORCA-3D is one of the independent developed codes of NPIC for the nuclear reactor core design. CORCA-3D code can calculate the few-group cross section, solve the 3D diffusion equations, consider the thermal-hydraulic feedback, reconstruct the pin-by-pin power. It has lots of functions such as changing core status calculation, critical searching, control rod value calculation, coefficient calculation and so on. The main theory and functions of CORCA-3D code are introduced and validated with a lot of reactor measured data and the SCIENCE system. Now, CORCA-3D code has been applied in ACP type reactor nuclear cores design.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2021년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.749-752
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• 2021

오늘날 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence, AI) 분야에서 가장 구현하기 어려운 분야 중 하나는 추론이다. 근래 추론 분야에서 영상과 언어가 결합한 다중 모드(Multi-modal) 환경에서 영상 기반의 질의 응답(Visual Question Answering, VQA) 과업에 대한 AI 모델이 발표됐다. 얼마 지나지 않아 VQA 모델의 성능을 개선한 GVQA(Grounded Visual Question Answering) 모델도 발표됐다. 하지만 아직 GVQA 모델도 완벽한 성능을 내진 못한다. 본 논문에서는 GVQA 모델의 성능 개선을 위해 VCC(Visual Concept Classifier) 모델을 ViT-G(Vision Transformer-Giant)/14로 변경하고, ACP(Answer Cluster Predictor) 모델을 GPT(Generative Pretrained Transformer)-3으로 변경한다. 이와 같은 방법들은 성능을 개선하는 데 큰 도움이 될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권10호
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• pp.551-556
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• 2023

Ginsenosides, among the most active components of ginseng, exhibit several therapeutic effects against cancer, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-osteoporotic activity of ginsenoside Rg2, a major ginsenoside, has not been clearly elucidated. This study aimed to determine the effects of ginsenoside Rg2 on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation. Results indicate that ginsenoside Rg2 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) without cytotoxicity. Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg2 significantly reduced the RANKL-induced gene expression of c-fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (Nfatc1), as well as osteoclast-specific markers tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP, Acp5) and osteoclast-associated receptor (Oscar). Moreover, RANKL-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was decreased by ginsenoside Rg2 in BMM. Therefore, we suggest that ginsenoside Rg2 suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through the regulation of MAPK signaling-mediated osteoclast markers and could be developed as a therapeutic drug for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004년도 학술논문집
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• pp.268-277
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• 2004

사용후핵연료 차세대 관리공정의 주된 단위 공정인 전기 환원에 의한 금속 전환 공정에서의 핵종 거동 및 분포에 관한 기초 연구의 일환으로 고방열성 핵종인 알카리, 알카리토 금속 산화물들의 고온 용융염에서의 전기 화학적 특성을 측정 분석함으로서 전기 환원 공정에서의 거동을 예상하였다. LiCl-$Li_2O$ 용융염계에서 Cs, Sr 및 Ba은 Li 보다 높은 진위에서 환원되며 환원 전위는 서로 근접해 있는 것으로 측정되었다. 이에 따라 사용후핵연료의 전기 환원 과정에 Li 환원을 매개로 한 반응 메카니즘에 저해를 일으키지 않을 것으로 예측되었다. 알카리, 알카리토 금속의 환원조건에서 공정이 운전될 경우 자유에너지 변화의 계산을 통해 알자리, 알카리토 금속이 용융염으로 재순환됨을 확인 하였으며 전류 범위에 따른 금속 원소의 농도 변화를 측정하여 알카리, 알카리토 금속의 물질 전달에 대한 전류의 영향을 평가하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2015

A new cecropin-like antimicrobial peptide (Px-CLP) gene was isolated from the immunechallenged larvae of the swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus, by employing annealing control primer (ACP)-based GeneFishing PCR. The full-length cDNA of Px-CLP is 310 nucleotides encoding a 70 amino acid precursor that contains a putative 22-residue signal peptide, a 4-residue propeptide, a presumed 37-residue mature peptide, and an uncommon 7-residue acidic pro-region at the C-terminus. The deduced amino acid sequence of Px-CLP showed significant identities with other Lepidopteran cecropin D type peptides. RT-PCR revealed that the Px-CLP transcript was detected at significant level after injection with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The peptides with or without C-terminal acidic sequence region were synthesized on-solid phage and submitted to antibacterial activity assay. The synthetic 37-mer peptide (Px-CLPa), which removed C-terminal acidic sequence region, was showed exclusively antibacterial activity against E. coli ML35; meanwhile, a 44-mer peptide (Px-CLPb) with C-terminal acidic peptide region was not active. This result suggests that Px-CLP is produced as a larger precursor containing a C-terminal pro-region that is subsequently removed by C-terminal modification.