• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2006

Purpose: We studied that EMT took care in prehospital care of cardiac arrest patients by "the chain of survial", we need the data about treatment of EMT in prehospital care of cardiac arrest patients. and then we want to educate EMT for their emergency skill and knowledge of prehospital care of cardiac arrest patients. Method: We studied 162 cardiac arrest patients were transported by EMT in Jecheon province, Chingbuk. Results: 1. Stage of Early Access 96.9% of people who related the cardiac arrest patients used the Jecheon 119 Rescue at their emergency situation. 2 Stage of Early CPR The EMT supported keeping of airway to 148 of 162 cardiac arrest patients. Artificial respiration was 120 of 162 cardiac arrest patients and chest compression was 119 of 162 cardiac arrest patients. 3. Stage of Early AED There were shocked 6 cardiac arrest patients but weren't shocked 156 victims of 162 cardiac arrest patients by AED. 4. Stage of Early ACLS There were reported 3 of 162 cardiac arrest patients. to Doctor or Hospital Emergency Center for medical direction to EMT in prehospital area. There is no advanced airway, IV insertion and medication to the prehospital cardiac arrest patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.1308-1314
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• 2006

Purpose. The purposes of this study were to develop a PBL program for continuing nurse education and to evaluate the program after its implementation. Methods. The PBL program was developed in the core cardio-pulmonary nursing concepts through a collaborative approach with a nursing school and a hospital. The PBL packages with simulation on ACLS were implemented to 40 clinical nurses. The entire PBL program consisted of six 3-hour weekly classes and was evaluated by the participants' subjective responses. Results. Two PBL packages in cardio-pulmonary system including clinical cases and tutorial guidelines were developed. The 57.5 % of the participants responded positively about the use of PBL as continuing nurse education in terms of self-motivated and cooperative learning, whereas 20.0% of the participants answered that the PBL method was not suitable for clinical nurses. Some modifications were suggested in grouping participants and program contents for PBL. Conclusion. The PBL method could be utilized to promote nurses' clinical competencies as well as self-learning abilities. Further research is needed in the implementation strategies of PBL-based continuing education in order to improve its effectiveness.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to identify the effects of simulation-based training for advanced cardic life support on the competence of nurses in critical care settings. Methods: In this study, a nonequivalent control pretest-post test quasi-experimental design was used. Data were collected from May 1 to June 1, 2006 at one general hospital in W city. Among 40 nurses in critical care settings, twenty were assigned to the experimental group and twenty to the control group. Nurses in the experimental group received simulation-based training for advanced cardiac life support. Measurement tool were ACLS related knowledge and skills developed by AHA & Mega Code (2005) and some items were modified. The collected data were statistically processed using SPSS version 12.0 for Windows, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, $X^2$test, t-test, paired ttest, Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: 1) Hypothesis 1“: Nurses who received simulationbased training would have more knowledge of advanced cardiac life support than nurses who received traditional training”, was supported (t=11.51, p=.00). 2) Hypothesis 2: “Nurses who received simulation-based training would have better advanced cardiac life support skills than nurses who received traditional training”, was supported (t=2.38, p=.00). Conclusion: Simulation-based training for advanced cardiac life support is an effective strategy for increasing the competence of nurses in advanced cardiac life support in critical care settings.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

Purpose: The study aims to establish an effective training strategy and methods by comparing the effects of educational interest, satisfaction, and achievements of virtual reality and videos education before simulation training. Methods: The randomized control study was implemented on May 31, 2018, by randomly selecting 36 participants to compare educational virtual reality and videos. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The participants were divided into an intervention group of 17(47.2%) and a control group of 19(52.8%). Regarding the levels of satisfaction, a significant difference (p= .010) was noted between the control (3.88 points) and the intervention groups (4.45 points). A significant difference (p= .001) was also noted between the intervention (80.3 points) and control (63.3 points) in terms of total simulation practical skills. Conclusion: Educational virtual reality can be an alternative training method to achieve the standard educational objectives by raising levels of educational interest and of achievement with practical skills.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a Web-based learning program on cardiopulmonary emergency care for clinical nurses and to evaluate learners' responses. Methods: Based on the assessment of learning needs of clinical nurses, a total of three self-directed learning modules were developed according to the procedure of the ADDIE (assessment, design, development, implementation, & evaluation) model. Results: Each learning module included the emergency treatments and drugs used in the real patients' situations with cardiopulmonary crisis, which had been adopted from the emergency department of a C University hospital located in G-city. Real video clips for endotracheal intubation and ACLS (advanced cardiac life support) were developed with the help of the staff of the department of emergency medicine using a human simulator, $SimMan^{(R)}$. The program published on the Web was evaluated by 20 clinical nurses who are working in the emergency department and wards of a C-University hospital. About 80% of the respondents were satisfied with the program contents, design, and learning strategy. Conclusions: Web-based learning programs on cardiopulmonary emergency care are needed for clinical nurses as educational material for staff education to increase their knowledge for making immediate clinical decisions and in giving skilled care in emergency situations.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2007

멀티-에이전트 시스템에서 에이전트는 다른 에이전트와 협상하기 위하여 공동의 에이전트 통신 언어를 사용하여야 하고 일치에 이르도록 설계된 협상 프로토콜에 의해 행동하여야 한다. 따라서 에이전트는 위의 요구 사항들을 수용할 수 있는 적당한 아키텍쳐를 가져야 한다. 이 논문에서 우리는 유익한 에이전트 통신 언어를 정의하고, 다른 에이전트 통신 언어들 (가령, FIPA(Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents) 에이전트 통신 언어와 KQML(Knowledge Query Manipulation Language))과 여기서 소개한 에이전트 통신 언어를 비교한다. 특히 여기서는 에이전트를 지식베이스와 협상 라이브러리를 가진 논리 프로그램으로 표현한다. 마지막으로 협상 라이브러리 안에 있는 계획자(planner)가 어떻게 행위들의 계획을 제공하고, 어떻게 에이전트의 지식베이스를 갱신하는가를 보인다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 소아에서 감전으로 인한 심정지 사례를 통하여 소아 감전에 대한 예방을 더 잘 하고자 하는데 있다. 소아기는 전기 손상의 위험성이 높은 환자군 중 하나이며, 본 증례에서도 2살의 소아가 가정 콘센트에 젓가락을 삽입하여 감전사고 된 상황이다. 이 사례는 119구급대에 의해 전문심폐소생술이 적절하게 이루어져 병원 전 자발순환회복(Return of spontaneous circulation, ROSC)된 사례이다. 국내에서 소아의 감전사고 소생 성공사례가 매우 드물며, 119구급대원의 적절한 소생술로 자발순환회복되어 퇴원한 1례를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

복합재로 된 회전날개깃을 상자보로 모델링하고 수동/능동 감쇠를 주기 위해 ACL(Active Constrained Damping Layer)을 상하양면에 부착하고 복합변위이론에 기초한 유한요소방법을 이용하여 구조해석을 수행하였다. 이 이론은 ACL내의 복합재와 점탄성층 그리고 압전층의 전단변형효과를 정확하게 모델링하는데 효과적이다. Hankel 의 특이값을 이용해 축차모델을 유도하였으며 축차모델과 측정된 출력에 기초한 LQG 제어기를 설계하였다. 그러나 LQG 제어기는 공칭 운전속도에서는 좋은 성능을 보여주었으나 운전속도가 변하는 상황에 대해서는 강인안정성을 보여주지 못했다. 이 LQG제어기의 강인안정성을 개선하기 위하여 루프전달회복을 통한 강인한 제어기를 설계하였다. 수치 예를 통해 제시된 제어기가 회전날개깃의 공기역학적인 안정성을 개선하는데 효과적이며 동체모드와 연계된 리드-래그 모드감쇠를 증가시켜 회전날개깃의 진동을 효과적으로 억제하는 것을 보였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2011

병원 밖에서 발생한 비외상성 심정지 환자에 대한 119 구급대원의 처치 현황과 개선방안을 연구하기 위해 대전충남에 근무하는 119 구급대원 322명에게 설문을 실시하였다. 119 구급대원들은 병원전 비외상성 심정지 환자에 대해 CPR은 96.9%(309명), AED는 53%(169명)에서 거의 매번 또는 매번 실시한다고 하였다. 1급 응급구조사와 간호사의 경우 IV는 94.7%(143명)에서 가끔 실시하거나 실시한 적이 없다고 하였고 약물처치의 경우도 90.7%(136명)에서 실시한 적이 없다고 응답하였다. AED, 기도확보 및 IV 를 실시하지 못했던 이유에 대해서는 구급인원이 부족하고, 시간이 부족하며, 흔들리는 구급차 때문이라는 의견이 많았다. 임상실습이나 병원실습의 경험이 있는 119 구급대원이 IV나 약물처치를 더 자주 실시하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 심정지 환자의 소생률을 향상시키기 위해서는 구급차에 탑승하는 구급인원을 보강하고, 일반인들도 할 수 있는 기본심폐소생술 처치에서 더 나아가 전문심장소생술을 실시할 수 있도록 1급 응급구조사에게 에피네프린의 사용을 허가하며, 임상실기 교육을 강화하고 구급대원을 법적으로 보호할 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2020

To investigate the effect of spatial variability on hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils, a numerical model is set up which can simulate seepage process in an unsaturated heterogeneous soil. The unsaturated heterogeneous soil is composed of matrix sand embedded with a small proportion of clay for simulating the heterogeneity. Soil-water characteristic curve and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curve of the unsaturated soil are expressed by Van Genuchten model. Hydraulic parameters of the matrix sand are considered as random fields. Different autocorrelation lengths (ACLs) of hydraulic parameter of the matrix sand and different proportions of clay are assumed to investigate the influence of spatial variability on the equivalent hydraulic properties of the heterogeneous soil. Four model sizes are used in the numerical experiments to investigate the influence of scale effects and to determine the sizes of representative volume element (RVE) in the numerical simulations. Through a number of Monte Carlo simulations of unsaturated seepage analysis, the means and the coefficients of variations (COVs) of the equivalent hydraulic parameters of the heterogeneous soil are calculated. Simulations show that the ACL and model size has little influence on the means of the equivalent hydraulic parameters, but they have a large influence on the COVs of the equivalent hydraulic parameters. The size of an RVE is mainly affected by the ACL and the proportion of heterogeneity. The influence of spatial variability on the hydraulic parameters of the heterogeneous unsaturated soil can be used as a guidance for geotechnical reliability analysis and design related to unsaturated soils.