• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.72-77
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• 2019

To study the characteristics of AC driven OLED, we fabricated the fluorescent OLEDs and analyzed the electroluminescence characteristics of OLEDs with AC negative voltage. The luminance and the current density of the OLED decreased, and the number and size of the dark spots increased in proportion to the duration time and level of the applied AC negative voltage. The current efficiency of the OLED was improved when high AC negative voltage was applied within a short time. When the AC negative voltage of 10 V was applied for 1 minute, the efficiency was improved by 12.4%. Also, the degradation of luminance and current efficiency due to the duration of light emission was improved in the case of OLED applied for 1 minute with 10 V AC negative voltage. These are expected as a result of the improvement of the leakage current characteristics by eliminating the short-circuit region formed by the defect of the OLED at the AC negative high voltage. As a result, the continuous application of AC negative voltage reduced the luminance and the current density of OLED, but the temporary application of AC negative voltage with the proper time and voltage could improve the efficiency and lifetime of OLED.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.398-404
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• 2017

In order to study the AC driving mechanism for OLED lighting, the fluorescent OLEDs were fabricated and the electroluminescent characteristics of the OLEDs by AC forward bias were analyzed. In the case of the driving method of OLED by AC forward bias under the same voltage and the same current density, degradation of luminescent characteristics for elapsed time progressed faster than in the case of the driving method by DC bias. These phenomena were caused by the peak voltage of AC forward bias which is ${\sqrt{2}}$ times higher than the DC voltage. In addition, the degradation of the OLED was accelerated because the AC forward bias had come close to the upper limit of the allowable voltage range even though the peak voltage didn't exceed the allowable range of the OLED. However, the fabricated fluorescent OLED showed little degradation of OLED characteristics due to AC forward bias from 0 V to 6.04 V. Therefore, OLED lighting by AC driving will become commercialized if sufficient luminance is realized at a voltage at which the characteristics of the OLED are not degradation by the AC driving method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.104-109
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• 2014

To operate organic light emitting device (OLED) with alternating current (AC) power source without AC/DC(direct current) converter, we fabricated the fluorescent OLED and measured the emission characteristics with AC and DC. The OLED operated by AC showed higher maximum current efficiency of 8.2 cd/A and maximum power efficiency of 8.3 lm/W. But current efficiency and power efficiency of AC driven OLED showed worse than DC driven OLED at high voltage above 10 V. This result can be explained by the peak voltage of AC was $\sqrt{2}$ times than DC, In case of low driving voltage the emission characteristics were improved by the peak voltage of AC, but in case of high driving voltage the emission efficiencies were decreased by the roll off phenomena. Finally, serial OLED arrays using twelve OLEDs driven by AC 110 V showed average voltage of 9.17 V, voltage uniformity of 99.0%, average luminance of $1,175cd/m^2$, luminance uniformity of 94.4%.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.320-325
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• 2022

Single OLED and tandem OLED was manufactured to analyze the electroluminescence characteristics of DC driving, AC driving, and full-wave rectification driving. The threshold voltage of OLED was the highest in DC driving, and the lowest in full-wave rectification driving due to an improvement of current injection characteristics. The luminance at a driving voltage lower than 10.5 V (8,534 cd/m²) of single OLED and 20 V (7,377 cd/m²) of a tandem OLED showed that the full-wave rectification drive is higher than that of DC drive. The luminous efficiency of OLED is higher in full-wave rectification driving than in DC driving at low voltage, but decrease at high voltage. The full-wave rectification power source may obtain higher current density, higher luminance, and higher current efficiency than the AC power source. In addition, it was confirmed that the characteristics of AC driving and full-wave rectification driving can be predicted from DC driving characteristics by comparing the measured values and calculated values of AC driving and full-wave rectification driving emission characteristics. From the above results, it can be seen that OLED lighting with improved electroluminescence characteristics compared to DC driving is possible using full-wave rectification driving and tandem OLED.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.586-591
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• 2021

This paper proposes a mathematical model that can calculate the luminescence characteristics driven by alternating current (AC) power using the current-voltage-luminance (I-V-L) properties of organic light emitting devices (OLED) driven by direct current power. Fluorescent OLEDs are manufactured to verify the model, and I-V-L characteristics driven by DC and AC are measured. The current efficiency of DC driven OLED can be divided into three sections. Region 1 is a section where the recombination efficiency increases as the carrier reaches the emission layer in proportion to the increase of the DC voltage. Region 2 is a section in which the maximum luminous efficiency is stably maintained. Region 3 is a section where the luminous efficiency decreases due to excess carriers. Therefore, the fitting equation is derived by dividing the current density and luminance of the DC driven OLED into three regions, and the current density and luminance of the AC driven OLED are calculated from the fitting equation. As a result, the measured and calculated values of the AC driving I-V-L characteristics show deviations of 4.7% for current density, 2.9 % for luminance, and 1.9 % for luminous efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.532-532
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• 2012

탄소 나노튜브(carbon nanotube, CNT)를 사용하여 AC 구동 방식의 organic light emitting devices (OLED)를 만들었다. 이 소자는 ITO가 코팅된 유리 위에 유전체 층, 유기 발광층 그리고 맨 위의 금속 전극 층으로 총 3개의 층으로 구성되어있다. 유전물질로써는 cyanoethyl pullulan (CRS)를 N,N dimethylformamide (DMF) 용매에 녹여 ITO층 위에 코팅하였고, 유기발광 물질로 poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV)를 chloroform (CF)에 녹여 유전체 층 위에 코팅하였다. CNT를 MEH-PPV와 섞어서 유기발광 혼합물을 만들고 난 후, 유전체층 위에 코팅하였다. 마지막으로 알류미늄 전극을 시료 위에 코팅하였다. 소자에서 사용한 MEH-PPV에 의해 나오는 붉은색 발광을 확인 한 결과, CNT를 사용한 OLED 소자가 CNT를 사용하지 않는 소자보다 brightness가 좋았고, 전류도 더 작게 흘렀다. CNT의 농도에 따라 brightness의 변화는 경향을 나타냈다. CNT에 의한 percolation 효과 때문에 이러한 OLED 시료의 성능 향상이 이루어졌음을 입증하는 실험결과를 발표에서 설명할 예정이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.269-270
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• 2015

상용 교류전원 환경에서 구동되는 조명용 OLED의 연구를 위하여 적색 형광 소자를 제작하여 교류 순방향 바이어스 인가에 따른 유기 전계발광 소자의 발광 특성을 분석하였다. 순방향 교류전원으로 구동된 유기발광 소자의 경우 직류 구동 방식과 비교하여 인가전압에 따른 전류 밀도와 발광 휘도는 유사한 특성을 나타내나, 높은 구동 전압에서 시간에 따른 열화가 빠르게 진행되는 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 원인은 동일한 인가전압에서 교류의 경우 첨두치 전압이 높아 OLED 구동에 치명적인 열화의 원인으로 작용한다는 것을 실험적으로 확인하였다. 조명 용도로 교류전원 환경에서 OLED를 직결로 구동시키기 위해서는 소자를 안정적으로 구동할 수 있는 전압 범위의 첨두치 전압 조건에서 충분한 휘도와 효율 특성이 요구됨을 본 연구 결과를 통해 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.50-54
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• 2009

Ionizer is used for improving manufacturing process and reducing inferior goods in the clean room. As a general rule, neutralization of the electrostatic charge is most important to make TFT-LCD, PDP and OLED. Pulse AC-static eliminator with output voltage of about 10.5kV has been used these days as neutralization device. But this device has a problem with lower performance which was caused by particles-adhesion on the electrode when it has been used for a long time. So we studied to solve the problem with lower performance using high Frequency(72kHz) static eliminator which was produced by Piezo transformer device, and compared Pulse-AC type with Piezo-electronic device such as decay time and ion balance for 10 weeks periods. As a result of this study, we found that Piezo transformer device has been maintained normal condition for 10 weeks. Also, we made the rule by this study, normally Piezo transformer device has to clean the electrode during every 11th weeks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.274-274
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• 2013

We fabricate encapsulation-layer of OLED panel from organic-inorganic hybrid thin film by atomic layer deposition (ALD) molecular layer deposition (MLD) using Al2O3 as ALD process and Adipoyl Chloride (AC) and 1,4-Butanediamine as MLD process. Ellipsometry was employed to verify self-limiting reaction of MLD. Linear relationship between number of cycle and thickness was obtained. By such investigation, we found that desirable organic thin film fabrication is possible by MLD surface reaction in monolayer scale. Purging was carried out after dosing of each precursor to eliminate physically adsorbed precursor with surface. We also confirmed roughness of the organic thin film by atomic force microscopy (AFM). We deposit AC and 1,4-Butanediamine at $70^{\circ}C$ and investigated surface roughness as a function of increasing thickness of organic thin film. We confirmed precursor's functional group by IR spectrum. We calculated WVTR of organic-inorganic hybrid super-lattice epitaxial layer using Ca test. WVTR indicates super-lattice film can be possibly use as encapsulation in flexible devices.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.1653-1662
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• 2012

Recently, Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) that is broadly applied as next generation display has various advantages. However, OLED display causes unbalanced color tone due to the difference of luminance efficiency among luminous elements. In this paper, we propose adaptive color shifter (ACS) to resolve the RGB channel unbalance and to have wide color range of a relatively weak channel using the image processing method. proposed ACS system was simulated using a variety of image. Also, we numerically analyzed using hue histogram, CIE-1931 xyz color space.