• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.153-156
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• 1987

With a purpose of evaluation rye crop as winter green feed, a cultivar was sown in autumn and harvested at booting, heading, milk, dough and yellow-ripe stages, and processed into silage. The quality of the silage was assessed in terms of ammonia-N, recovery rate in dry matter, pH, and the composition of organic acids. The results obtained are: 1. The recovery rate in dry matter from the silage was the highest when harvested at yellow stage (P<0.01). The ratio of ammonia-N to total-N was low when the rye crop was harvested during milk (9.4%) and dough ( 12.7%) stages (P$NH_3-N$. 3. Silage quality based on the composition of organic acids was highly evaluated when the crop was harvested during milk, and dough stages. 4. Considering both the DM yield and quality of the silage, it was found that rye crop should be harvested at dough stage and ensiled.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.328-335
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to evaluate tire effects of modified triple pelvic osteotomy(TPO). The procedures of modified TPO were composed of two iliac osteotomies and a pubic symphysiotomy at a tittle. Medical records of modified TPO treatment on 36 dogs and of unilateral TPO on 7 dogs were reviewed on the basis of signalment, body weight, operation time, Healing time of osteotomy sites and complications from October 2002 to September 2004. The values of clinical status and hip dysplasia, Norberg angle, percentage of femoral head coverage and pelvic diameter from radiographs taken preoperative, immediately postoperative, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, respectively, were measured. In .unilateral TPO, the dogs could start standing without assistance from $3.0\pm1.0days$ and walking from $8.3\pm0.6days$ (n=3). Mean clinical grade before and 24 weeks after surgery were $2.2\pm0.42$(n=6) and $3.5\pm0.7$ (n=2), respectively. Mean operation time was $107.3\pm38.9$ minutes (n=4). In modified TPO, the dogs were seen to staff standing without assistance from $4.9\pm3.7$ days and walking from $7.3\pm4.8days$ (n=25). Mean clinical grade before surgery and 24 weeks after surgery were $2.3\pm1.5$ (n=27) and $3.2\pm0.7$)(n=9), respectively. Postoperative clinical grade significantly improved against preoperative clinical grade (P<0.01). Mean operation time was $143\pm42.8$ minutes (n=24). This was shorter than time f3r twice unilateral TPO. By comparison with preoperative values, postoperative mean radiographic grade, percentage of femoral head coverage and Norberg angle measured at the recheck time point significantly increased (P<0.01). Mean postoperative pelvic diameter was significantly larger than preoperative pelvic diameter in modified TPO (P<0.01) but not in unilateral TPO. These results indicated that modified TPO was effective technique for the treatment of hip dysplasia in dogs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.922-928
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• 2000

The effects of animal species and supplements on rumen fluid characteristics, plasma urea-N (PUN) concentration, plasma urea-N pool size, urea-N degradation in the gut and urea-N net flux (urea-N synthesis rate) were studied in goats and sheep, with some minor differences detected. The animals were fed either chopped rice straw ad libitum+200 g soybean meal (SBM), or chopped rice straw ad libitum+190 g soybean meal+300 g sago meal (SBM+SM) for 14 days. The supplements were isonitrogenous (80 g crude protein/animal/d). [$^{14}C$]-urea was used as the marker for urea metabolism studies. Two animals from each species were fed either supplement in a cross-over design in two periods. The results showed that rumen pH was significantly (p<0.001) lower in animals fed SBM+SM than those fed SBM supplement. The ammonia concentrations of rumen fluid were significantly (p<0.01) higher in sheep (382.9 mg N/L) than goats (363.1 mg N/L) when fed SBM supplement but lower (282.5 mg N/L) than that of goats (311.0 mg N/L) when fed SBM+SM supplement. Total VFA concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) higher in animals fed SBM+SM supplement than those fed SBM supplement. Goats had significantly (p<0.01) higher molar proportions of acetate (79.1, 77.7%, respectively) than sheep (75.8, 74.0%, respectively) in both supplements. The molar proportion of acetate was significantly (p<0.05) higher, while that of butyrate lower in animals fed SBM supplement than those fed SBM+SM supplement. In animals fed SBM supplement, the molar proportion of propionate was significantly (p<0.01) higher in sheep (18.0%) than in goats (15.6%), but in animals fed SBM+SM, the molar proportion of butyrate was significantly (p<0.01) higher (9.6%) in sheep than in goats (7.2%). Plasma urea-N concentration, plasma urea-N pool size, urea-N degradation in the gut, urea-N net flux and the fraction of urea-C from the blood entering the rumen were not significantly different between goats and sheep fed either supplement. However, PUN concentration was significantly (p<0.05) lower in animals fed SBM+SM supplement (average of 13.8 mg N/100 ml) than in those fed SBM supplement (average of 16.5 mg N/100 ml). The urea net flux was significantly (p<0.05) higher in goats (average of 14.5 g N/d) than sheep (average of 12.9 g N/d), and animals fed SBM supplement showed higher (average of 14.9 g N/d) urea net flux than animals fed SBM+SM supplement (average of 12.9 g N/d). A significant (p<0.05) positive correlation was observed between urea-N net flux and urea-N degradation; urea-N net flux and pool size; urea-N net flux and urea excretion in the urine; and PUN and rumen ammonia in goats. While in sheep, significant (p<0.05) positive correlation was observed between urea-N net flux and urea excretion in the urine; and PUN and rumen ammonia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2004

According to the development of the aircraft industry, the fatigue strength of Aluminum Alloy becomes a great important material, but it seems that we don't understand an effect on the crack growth behaviour very well. This thesis is not only studied about the five kinds of 2017-T3, 2023-T3, 5083-0, 7075-T6, 7N01-T6 among the Aluminum Alloy which are the main materials of the aircraft, but also small or large relations against the fatigue strength of them. The consequence of the research was being progressed the accordance with the order. That is, The order is 2024-T3> 2017-T3> 7N01-T6> 7075-T6> 5083-0. These inclusion came out the acceleration phenomena in the crack growth behaviour among the high ${\Delta}K$ section Nevertheless I figured out their effects were being ignored at the 2b step.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.33-37
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• 2021

[Purpose] Sex hormones deficiency leads to dramatically bone loss in particular postmenopausal women. Royal jelly has anti-osteoporosis effect due to maintain bone volume in that condition. We hypothesized that royal jelly protein (RJP, a latent residue after extracting royal jelly) also prevents bone deficient in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats, the animal model of postmenopausal women. [Methods] Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30, 6 weeks age old) were sham operated (Sham; sham operated group, n = 7), OVX control group (OC, n = 7), OVX with low RJP intake group (ORL, n = 8), and OVX with high RJP intake group (ORH, n = 8) during 8 weeks experimental periods. In the end point of this experiment, the bone samples (lumbar spine, tibia, and femur) were surgically removed under anesthesia. These bone samples were evaluated bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength. [Results] BMD of lumbar spine in RJP intake groups (ORL, ORH) were higher than that in OC group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) in RJP intake volume dependent manner. BMD of tibial proximal metaphysis and diaphysis in RJP intake groups were also higher than these in OC group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01 / p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). In addition, breaking force of femur in RJP intake groups were significantly increase compared with that in OC group (p < 0.001 respectively). [Conclusion] These findings indicate that RJP contribute to prevent sex hormone related bone abnormality.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.172-180
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• 2020

This study investigated retrospectively the correlation between the results of the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and a routine blood test using a hospital information system. The NT-proBNP is involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure. The results show that the relationship between age and NT-proBNP was significant (P<0.01) with a positive correlation (r=0.163). The peptide concentration showed a negative correlation between the total protein (r=-0.250) and albumin (r=-0.270), and a negative correlation between the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin and hematocrit (P<0.01). NT-proBNP had a positive correlation with neutrophils (r=0.227) and a negative correlation with lymphocytes (r=-0.236), showing significant results (P<0.01). NT-proBNP and creatinine showed a positive correlation (r=0.594, P<0.01), and it was the most influential factor according to multiple regression analysis (B=0.53, t=7.65). P<0.01). The concentrations of NT-proBNP and uric acid showed a positive correlation (r=0.180, P<0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase was observed as a factor affecting the NT-proBNP (B=0.20, t=3.28, P<0.01). This explanatory power had an influence of 43%. Therefore, the accurate test and related factors of the NT-proBNP have significant clinical value.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.550-555
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) on glucose and lipids metabolism in high-fat diet rate. Rats were randomly assigned to normal, high-fat with n-3 PUFA and high-fat dietary groups. Experiments were carried out after 5 weeks feeding with prescriptive diets following 7 hrs fasting. Body weight gains tended to be higher in high-fat fed rats than normal. Blood glucose was increased (p<0.05) by high-fat diet compared with normal diet, and decreaseed (p<0.05) to normal level by n-3 PUFA. Plasma insulin level was significcantly higher (p<0.01) in high-fat diet rats than that of normal-diet rats, and also decreased (p<0.01) by n-3 PUFA. Glucose up take of soleus muscle in vitro was decreased markedly in high-fat fed rats than normal diet rats at 0, 1, 10, and 100nM insulin concentration. Therefore insulin sensitivity and responsiveness were decreased by high-fat diet. Omega-3 PUFA made a recover(p<0.01) insulin sensitivity to almost normal level, and improved (p<0.05) insulin responsiveness in some extent. In conclusion, the results suggest that metabolic disorder of glucose and insulin resistance of skeletal muscle are caused by high-fat diet and n-3 PUFA can ameliorate metabolic disorder and insulin resistance.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.68-73
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• 2010

In order to develop the square wave voltammetric method determining cimetidine in an ampoule for injection, $5.00{\times}10^{-4}\;M$ cimetidine HCl solutions prepared with phosphate buffers of various pH values (3.01~8.97) were investigated by SWV. The well defined single peak due to the electrochemical reduction of -C=N-C$\equiv$N- in the structure of cimetidine moved towards the cathodic direction by -0.051V/pH as the pH values were increased indicating the involvement of hydrogen in its reduction. The calibration curves of cimetidine HCl in the concentration range between $1.00{\times}10^{-5}\;M$ and $5.00{\times}10^{-3}\;M$ prepared using three phosphate buffers yielded the slopes of 127,407nA/M (pH 3.01), 115,125nA/M (pH 5.00) and 111,287nA/M(pH 7.00) with excellent linearities of $R^2{\geqq}0.9997$. When one ampoule of Tagma Inj.$^{(R)}$ was analyzed by standard addition method by SWV, the within-day precision study (n=4) on the day of sample preparation resulted in the contents of cimetidine as $203{\pm}3.8\;mg$ (102% of the specified contents, RSD of 1.9%) and the inter-day precision (n=4) through 5 days was reasonable as 1.3% of RSD.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.505-515
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of stream nutrient regime, N:P ratios and suspended solids on fish tolerance/trophic compositions and stream ecosystem health, based on multi-metric model, during 2008-2013. Also, stream ecosystem health was evaluated in relation to chlorophyll-a (CHL) as a measure of algal productivity or indicators of trophic state to water chemical parameters. Total number of sampled fish species were 50 and showed a decreasing trend from 2008 to 2013. The minnow of Zacco platypus, based on the catch per unit effort (CPUE), was the most dominant species (25.9%) among the all species. Spatial heterogeneity was evident in the fish tolerance guilds that showed the dominance of sensitive species (89%) in the headwaters (S1) and the dominance of tolerant species (57%) in the urban. These conditions were directly influenced by concentrations of nutrients and organic matter (COD). The N:P ratios, as a barometer of water pollution, had a negative linear function (R² = 0.40, P < 0.01) with CHL, and the ratios had an important role in changes of COD concentration (R² = 0.40, P < 0.01). Under the circumstances, the N:P ratio directly influenced the relative proportions of fish trophic/tolerance compositions. According to the regression analysis of omnivore (O_m) and insectivore sp. (I_n) on total nitrogen and total phosphorus, nitrogen had no significant influences (P > 0.05) to the two compositions, but phosphorus influenced directly the two guilds [slope (a) = -32.3, R² = 0.25, P < 0.01 in the I_n; a = 40.7, R² = 0.19, P < 0.01 in the O_m]. Such water chemistry and fish trophic guilds determined the stream ecosystem health, based on the multi-metric fish model.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2013

A total of 30 Korean native pigs (gilt 15, boar 15) were used to investigate the carcass characteristics, meat quality, amino acid, and fatty acid composition by gender. The carcass weight of boars were significantly higher than gilts, whereas the carcass yield of gilts had significantly higher than boars (p<0.01). Boars had significantly higher moisture contents in loin muscle than gilts, whereas the protein contents of loin muscle had significantly higher in gilts than boars (p<0.01). In the results of meat quality analysis, the cooking loss (p<0.01), shearing force (p<0.05), lightness (L) and yellowness (b) in meat color (p<0.05) were significantly higher, but the pH was significantly lower (p<0.01) in gilts compared with boars. Arginine (p<0.05), alanine, aspartic acid, histidine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine and tyrosin (p<0.01) for gilts were significantly higher than those for boars. The results of fatty acid composition showed that gilts had significantly higher contents of C16:1n7, C18:1n9, C20:1n9 (p<0.01) than boars in intramuscular fat, whereas boars had significantly higher contents of C18:2n6, C20:4n6 (p<0.01) and C18:3n3 (p<0.05) than gilts in intramuscular fat.