• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 2006

Activity-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the whole plant from Solanum lyratum resulted in the isolation of a new pregnane derivative glycoside, 16-dehydropregnenolone 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-($1{\to}2$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosid uronic acid (2), as well as other six known compounds: 16-dehydropregnenolone (1), allopregenolone (3), protocatechuic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), and scopoletin (7). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data and chemical evidences. Compounds 1, 3, 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compound 1 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against A375-S2, HeLa, SGC-7901, and Bel-7402 with $IC_{50}$ values of $13.1{\pm}0.9,\;21.5{\pm}1.0,\;40.2{\pm}0.7$, and $49.8{\pm}1.2\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2003

A direct and precise explanation of soybean resistance to soybean cyst nematode will be possible only when the individual gene(s) involved in the resistance are tagged. This study was conducted, (1) to identify and localize quantitative trait loci for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14 on RAPD map, (2) to identify the magnitude and mode of inheritance for each quantitative trait loci, and (3) to identify the best combinations of quantitative trait loci for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14. Thirty markers (29 RAPD and 1 RFLP) showed significant association with resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14. From MAPMAKER/QTL analysis, we identified two regions (linkage group C-7 and linkage group C-9) for resistance to soybean cyst nematode .ace 14. The first quantitative trait loci that was localized at 6.0 cM from $H06^1$ on linkage group C-7 showed a dominant inheritance mode. However, we can not exclude the possibility of additive inheritance mode. The second quantitative trait loci that was localized between $B15^2$ and $E01^1$ on linkage group C-9 also showed a dominant mode of inheritance. One pair of flanking markers ($H06^1$ and $H06^2$) and B15$^2$ were used for multiple regression analysis. Marker combination that included 2 markers, $B15^2$ and $H06^1$, explained the highest total variance (22.9%) for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14. Further localization of genes for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14 and examination of interaction between quantitative trait loci will accelerate the exploitation of resistance to soybean cyst nematode.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.104-111
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• 2008

Plant growth and variegated leaf color changes of three leaf variegated Sedum spectabile varieties 'Variegatum', 'Frosty Morn', red colored 'Washfield Ruby', and one Sedum lineare variety 'Variegatum' and Sedum sarmentosum under three levels of shading conditions were examined for leaf ornamental value improvement. Shading levels were 40%($1,500{\mu}mol{\cdot}m-^2{\cdot}s-^1$), 70%($750{\mu}mol{\cdot}m-^2{\cdot}s-^1$) and 85%($375{\mu}mol{\cdot}m-^2{\cdot}s-^1$). Improvements of leaf ornamental value of 'Variegatum' 'Frosty Morn' and 'Washfield Ruby' were observed at 40% shading level and plant heights and leaf sizes were also increased. Plant height of S.sarmentosum were shorten under direct sun light condition and leaf color changed to greenish yellow(RHS143B) but deep green color(RHS144A) was observed under shading conditions. Endurance of S.sarmentosum was stronger than other species and leaf ornamental values remained well at 70% shading level. Leaf width of S.lineare 'Variegatum' were not changed under shading conditions but leaf length was increased. Leaf color was Deep green color was greenish yellow under direct sun light but deepest green color was observed at 85% shading level. Consider all ornamental value criteria, best shading conditions for S.lineare 'Variegatum' were ranged 40% to 70%.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.369-375
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• 2003

Xiaoshuan Zaizao Wan (XZW) has been used in China to improve hemiplegia, deviation of eye and mouth, and dysphasia due to cerebral thrombosis. To characterize pharmacological actions of XZW, we evaluated its effects on neuronal cell damage induced in primary cultured rat cortical cells by various oxidative insults, glutamate or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), and $\beta$-amyloid fragment ($A_{\beta(25-35)}$). XZW was found to inhibit the oxidative neuronal damage induced by $H_2O_2$, xanthine/xanthine oxidase, or $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbic acid. It also attenuated the excitotoxic damage induced by glutamate or NMDA. The NMDA-induced neurotoxicity was more effectively inhibited than the glutamate-induced toxicity. In addition, we found that XZW protected neurons against the $A_{\beta(25-35)}$-induced toxicity. Moreover; XZW exhibited dramatic inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates and mild 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Taken together; these results demonstrate that XZW exerts neuroprotective effects against oxidative, excitotoxic, or $A_{\beta(25-35)}$-induced neuronal damage. These findings may provide pharmacological basis for its clinical usage treating the sequelae caused by cerebral thrombosis. Furthermore, XZW may exert beneficial effects on Alzheimer's disease and other oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative disorders.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.366-375
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a community-based follow-up program on parenting stress, parenting efficacy, and coping among parents with premature infants. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design was used. This program consisted of structured home visits and self-help group meetings for 6 months. The experimental group (n=29) received visits by an experienced neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurse and the control group (n=27) was visited by a visiting nurse. Data were analyzed using the χ² test, t-test, and analysis of covariance. Results: Parents' coping behavior significantly differed in the experimental group compared to the control group (t=3.14, p=.003). In particular, coping subscale I, for maintaining the family situation (t=2.63, p=.011), and subscale III, for understanding the infant's medical situation (t=4.30, p<.001), showed significant differences in the experimental group. There were no significant between-group differences in parenting stress or parenting efficacy. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that home visits by an experienced NICU nurse provided through a community-based follow-up program were an effective intervention to improve coping behavior among parents with premature infants.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.369-375
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• 2009

The next local election for Jeollabuk-do will be held in 2010. In preparation for this, we conducted a study to observe whether or not if minute regionalism occurred during the fourth "Nationally coordinated local election" which was held on May 31st in 2006. This study is based on Jeollabuk-do provincial governor election data. For this, we introduced a RS index which is used to measure how evenly each candidate for governor of the province received votes, and chi-statistics that measure each candidate's local intimacy. Further more, we checked out whether minute regionalism occurred or not by putting to practical use correspondence analysis. As a result, we could confirm that minute regionalism occurred to a few candidates. After reviewing many measurements, we found that a RS index's validity is not high.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 발주자 입장에서 PMI(Project Management Institute)에서 정의하고 있는 프로젝트 범위관리 활동을 범위의 기획 및 정의, 범위의 검증, 범위의 통제 3가지로 구분하고, 프로젝트의 성과를 프로젝트 과정에 대한 성과와 제품에 대한 성과 2가지로 구분하여, 각각의 범위관리 활동들이 각각의 프로젝트 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지에 대한 실증연구를 진행 하였다. 이와 동시에 프로젝트의 규모, 공급자 유형, 경험여부와 같은 프로젝트 특성이 범위관리 활동과 프로젝트 성과 사이의 관계에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구도 병행하였다. 본 연구의 의의는 발주자 입장에서 범위관리 각각의 활동이 정보시스템 개발 프로젝트의 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 실증 연구를 함으로서 정보시스템 개발 프로젝트의 발주자들로 하여금 프로젝트에 있어 범위관리의 각각의 활동들에 대한 중요도를 인식시켜 프로젝트 범위관리 활동에 대한 적극적인 참여와 관심을 고취시키는데 그 의의가 있다.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.371-375
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• 2004

The eyes can register color oscillations and that colors have an effect on the psyche. Human is constantly surrounded by an immense range of vibrations to which he must react and respound. And the skin can be compared to an antenna which amplifies information received from the outside and then passes it on to the inside. Therefore the art of many medicines make use of the skin as a medium of treatment. Peter mandel discovered centers, or zones, on the human body, which represent or correspond to the three primary colors(red, blue and yellow). And he came across to the four temperaments(or humors) and their respective colors, which consist of the primary colors with the addition of green.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.589.1-589
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• 2001

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of light intensity variation on the polymerization rate of composite resin using IB system(experimental equipment designed by Dr. IB Lee) by which real-time volumetric change of composite can be measured. Methods: Three commercial composites [Z100(Z1), AeliteFil(AF), SureFil(SF)] were photopolymerized with Variable Intensity Polymerizer unit (Bisco, U.S.A.) under the variable light intensity (75/150/225/300/375/450㎽$^2$) during 20sec.(omitted)

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the elementary students' knowledge, attitudes, and practice for food hygiene and safety. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and offered to 375 elementary school students throughout the Seoul region. The results of the survey were as follows: First, the knowledge, attitudes, and practice were not at satisfactory level. The scores of children's knowledge, attitudes, and practice were 67.42%, 3.83, and 3.81 out of 5 point scale, respectively. Second, knowledge, attitudes and practice levels were significantly different according to demographic characteristics. The lower grade-students had significantly higher scores for knowledge (p<.05), attitudes (p<.05) and practice (p<.01) than higher gradestudents, suggesting that food hygiene and safety education is more effective in younger students or that repeated education is needed for higher grade-students. Third, knowledge, attitudes and practice levels were significantly correlated each other. These results suggest that the education programs for food hygiene and safety should be developed for, as well as implemented in, lower elementary school grades.